Deck 11: Attention and Consciousness

Question 1

The brain activity that appears when individuals have their eyes closed or are in a trance is known as ________.

A) beta waves
B) theta waves
C) alpha waves
D) REM
E) delta waves

Answer 1

alpha waves

Question 2

Balint-Holmes syndrome occurs following________.

A) bilateral damage to the parieto-occipital junction.
B) right lateral damage to the occipital lobe.
C) left lateral damage to the parietal lobe.
D) left lateral damage to the occipital lobe.
E) bilateral damage to the frontal lobe.

Answer 2

bilateral damage to the parieto-occipital junction.

Question 3

Which of the following is not a cardinal symptom of Balint Holmes syndrome?

A) optic ataxia
B) shuffling gait
C) impaired visual attention
D) defective estimation of distance
E) optic apraxia

Answer 3

shuffling gait

Question 4

What is the term for Baddeley's model of working memory that is responsible for controlling attention and supervising the phonological loop and the visuospatial sketchpad?

A) supervisory component
B) administrative controller
C) director of memory
D) decision maker
E) central executive

Question 5

The brain activity that characterizes sleep stages 3 and 4 is known as________.

A) beta waves
B) theta waves
C) alpha waves
D) delta waves
E) REM

Question 6

What is gaze apraxia?

A) A disorder where one is unable to comprehend information received in the left visual field.
B) A disorder where one is unable to comprehend information received in the right visual field.
C) A disorder resulting in an inability to voluntary direct gaze.
D) A disorder resulting in an inability to focus on what one is gazing at.
E) A disorder where one is unable to perceive what one is focusing on.

Question 7

Brain activity that characterizes stage 1 sleep is known as ________.

A) theta waves
B) REM
C) alpha waves
D) beta waves
E) delta waves

Question 8

Which of the following is not a recognized subcategory of attention?

A) selective attention
B) voluntary attention
C) reflexive attention
D) subordinate attention

Question 9

How would one address the question of how attention shifts from one thing to another?

A) By studying the difference between the unconsciously mediated attentional processes and those that are controlled by more automatic process.
B) By studying the difference between the consciously mediated attentional processes and those that are controlled by more automatic process.
C) By studying the differences in the ability to concentrate in individuals.
D) By analyzing different memory processes and how they are affecting ones ability to concentrate.

Question 10

Which of the following is the central executive (of Baddeley's model of working memory) responsible for when performing a task?

A) It is involved with the allocation of attention.
B) It is involved with strategy selection.
C) It integrates the information received from the other working memory systems.
D) All of the above.
E) a and b only.
F) b and c only.
G) a and c only.

Question 11

Researchers Posner and Peterson hypothesize that three functionally and anatomically distinct attentional systems are involved in visual attention. Which of the following are the correct names for these systems?

A) Left Lateralized System, Right Lateralized System, Vigilance System
B) Central System, Lateral System, Postcentral System
C) Superior Attentional System, Inferior Attentional System, Anterior Attentional System
D) Central System, Lateral System, Inferior Attentional System
E) Posterior Attentional System, Anterior Attentional System, Vigilance System

Question 12

Which of the following statements regarding the Vigilance System (VS) of visual attention is false?

A) Anatomically, the VS appears to be functionally lateralized to the right hemisphere.
B) Anatomically, the VS contains many connection to structures such as the hippocampus, amygdala and medial temporal cortex.
C) The VS appears to be selectively dependent on norepinephrine containing neurons in the locus coeruleus.
D) The VS prepares and sustains alertness towards signals that demand high priority.
E) All of the above are false.

Question 13

Which of the following statements regarding sleep is false?

A) Most experimental work on sleep is done with a fMRI.
B) Sleep is an active process in the nervous system.
C) Sleep is a readily reversible state.
D) Sleep can be differentiated from a coma or anaesthesia.
E) Sleep takes many forms and can be categorized into stages.

Question 14

How does one differentiate between Stage 1 and Stage 2 of sleep?

A) Stage 1 is characterized by slower sleep waves.
B) Delta waves are less frequent in Stage 2.
C) Stage 2 contains sleep spindles.
D) Stage 1 contains sleep spindles.
E) One readily wakens from Stage 1, but not Stage 2 of sleep.

Question 15

Which of the following statements regarding REM sleep is false?

A) The electrical activity that characterizes REM sleep seems to resemble wakefulness more than rest.
B) REM is accompanied by low-voltage, fast changes in EEG.
C) Your body cannot move during REM sleep.
D) REM is often accompanied by highly detailed and vivid illusions called dreams.
E) Although the metabolic activity of the brain during REM sleep resembles wakefulness, the electrical activity of the brain appears to be quite different.