Deck 19: Neoplastic, Infectious, and Pulmonary Vascular Respiratory Disorders

Question 1

When taking a health history from a client with lung cancer, the nurse would most likely expect to find which modifiable primary risk factor?

A) Cigarette smoking
B) Pipe smoking
C) Cigar smoking
D) Secondhand smoke

Answer 1

Cigarette smoking

Question 2

Which finding should the nurse expect in a client, who is newly diagnosed with small cell lung cancer (SCLC)?

A) A well-circumscribed tumor without metastasis
B) A bronchial tumor with metastasis
C) A single-nodule in the lung periphery
D) Tumors in the bronchial wall

Answer 2

A bronchial tumor with metastasis

Question 3

To monitor for superior venal cava syndrome in the client with enlarging tumors of the mediastinal lymph nodes, the nurse should be alert for:

A) lower extremity edema.
B) improvement in signs and symptoms when lying down (supine).
C) flat or nonvisible neck veins.
D) facial edema.

Answer 3

facial edema.

Question 4

Which finding would the nurse expect in a client with a tumor compressing the laryngeal nerve?

A) Hoarseness
B) Chest pain
C) Dyspnea
D) Weight loss

Question 5

In caring for a client undergoing thoracentesis, the nurse should instruct the client that:

A) a thin gauge needle will be inserted into the tumor.
B) a thin tube will be inserted through the nose and down the trachea to the lung.
C) a small incision will be made in the neck above the sternum.
D) a large gauge needle will be inserted into the pleural space.

Question 6

Which statement by a client with stage 1 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) indicates an understanding of staging and treatment?

A) "I only need surgery."
B) "I need surgery and chemotherapy."
C) "I need surgery, followed by radiation and chemotherapy."
D) "Treatment will not help me."

Question 7

Which instruction should the nurse give the client with the disease tuberculosis (TB)?

A) "Don't worry, your disease is not contagious."
B) "You will need to be isolated until your sputum smear is negative."
C) "Once you start taking isoniazid, you will not be contagious."
D) "You will need to be isolated while you have an active cough."

Question 8

In planning care for a client with tuberculosis and a Ghon complex, which intervention should the nurse include?

A) Nursing staff should wear a respirator when entering the client's room.
B) Have the client wear a mask when leaving his room.
C) Nursing staff should wear a face shield when entering the client's room
D) Nursing staff should wear a face shield if there is a risk of body fluid splashing on the nurse's face.

Question 9

Which assessment finding would the nurse expect in a client with latent tuberculosis?

A) A low-grade morning fever that subsides in the afternoon
B) Insidious onset of symptoms
C) An abrupt onset of symptoms
D) A high fever with night sweats

Question 10

To prevent transmission of tuberculosis, the nurse should instruct the client that the disease is spread by:

A) tears.
B) blood.
C) direct contact.
D) respiratory droplets.

Question 11

Which nursing action is a priority in the client at risk for respiratory aspiration?

A) Orient the client to person, place, and time.
B) Position the client with the head of the bed at 45 degrees.
C) Administer intravenous antibiotics, as ordered.
D) Encourage cough and deep breathing exercises.

Question 12

What is the initial action the nurse should take when admitting a 2-year-old child with epiglottitis?

A) Suction excess secretions.
B) Administer antibiotics.
C) Maintain an open airway.
D) Administer a Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccination.

Question 13

When caring for a client with acute bronchitis, which findings indicate a viral infection?

A) A severe and prolonged cough
B) A cough that produces copious amounts of sputum
C) Finding of increased lung density (consolidation) on the chest x-ray
D) The cough only lasts several hours

Question 14

The nurse is assigned to care for a child with bronchiolitis. Which one of the following pediatric individuals is at greatest risk for developing bronchiolitis?

A) A child over one year of age
B) A newborn infant
C) A toddler in preschool
D) A 5-month-old infant

Question 15

Which is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take when sternal and intercostal retractions are noted in an infant?

A) Nothing, as this finding is normal in infants.
B) Notify the physician or provider immediately.
C) Assess the infant again in 15 minutes.
D) Increase fluid intake.

Question 16

The nurse working in a community health clinic has a limited supply of influenza vaccine. Which of the following clients is a priority for receiving this vaccine?

A) Children under the age of 2
B) Individuals between the ages of 30 and 50
C) Individuals who live alone
D) Postpartum women

Question 17

In order for a nurse working at a community health clinic to appropriately plan care, he knows that which of the following populations is most at risk for pneumonia?

A) A preschool-age child
B) A 72-year-old African American man with diabetes
C) A 70-year-old Caucasian man
D) A 30-year-old woman

Question 18

The nurse is planning care for a client on a ventilator. Which intervention should be given priority in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)?

A) Providing regular oral care
B) Ensuring adequate nutrition
C) Administering supplemental oxygen
D) Infusing intravenous fluids

Question 19

Which triad of symptoms should alert the nurse to a potential problem in a client with a fractured femur?

A) Chest pain, shoulder pain, hemoptysis
B) Tachycardia, dyspnea, pleuritic pain
C) Hemoptysis, chest pain, dyspnea
D) Dyspnea, shoulder pain, tachycardia

Question 20

When admitting a client with Goodpasture syndrome, the nurse should focus assessments on which body systems?

A) Renal and cardiovascular
B) Pulmonary and gastrointestinal
C) Cardiovascular and renal
D) Pulmonary and renal