Deck 6: Religion and Oppression: The Struggle for Religious Freedom

Question 1

What was the relationship between religious groups and government in colonial America?

A) Colonists did not want colonial governments to establish churches in their colonies.
B) Because of the doctrine of religious freedom, the various churches existed peacefully together.
C) Dominant religious groups expected their faith to become the established church of their colony.
D) Colonists did not want colonial government to give financial support to their churches.

Answer 1

Dominant religious groups expected their faith to become the established church of their colony.

Question 2

By 1775 most immigrants came to the colonies to

A) Pay taxes to support the established church.
B) Practice their religion freely.
C) Become missionaries to the Indians.
D) Gain riches during the "Gold Rush."

Answer 2

Practice their religion freely.

Question 3

Compared to other colonies, which two provided the clearest alternative to the Old World tradition of state support for an established church?

A) Pennsylvania and Rhode Island
B) Massachusetts and Maryland
C) Virginia and Pennsylvania
D) Vermont and Maryland

Answer 3

Pennsylvania and Rhode Island

Question 4

Pennsylvania's "Holy Experiment" involved

A) Abolishing an established church in favor of open style meetings.
B) Establishing a colonial church that could be attended voluntarily.
C) Sharing communities between Newport Jews and Rhode Island Quakers.
D) Bringing to Pennsylvania people from diverse faiths.

Question 5

What was the result of the Great Awakening?

A) It established that the differences between Protestants sects were not important.
B) It split Protestants into various sects because they could not agree on basic doctrine.
C) It declared the Catholic faith as the one true religion
D) It replaced a denominational approach to Christianity with a sectarian view that declared the Quakers as the one true faith.

Question 6

What do Deists believe?

A) Humans have no control over everyday events.
B) God is an active force in the daily world.
C) There is no God.
D) God created the world but was not an active force in the everyday world.

Question 7

How did the writers of the U.S. Constitution defy European tradition when writing the Constitution?

A) By calling God "the Great Governor of the World"
B) By deliberately excluding any reference to God
C) By expressly stating that each state could determine which religion to include in their state charters instead of declaring a national religion
D) By allowing each person to determine which church their taxes would support

Question 8

What is the only reference to religion in the Constitution of the United States?

A) To hold office the person must not have ecclesiastic or civil allegiance to any foreign power
B) Thomas Jefferson's "Statute for Religious Freedom"
C) No religious test is required as qualification for office or public trust
D) "The Great Governor of the World" was the source of the government's power and authority

Question 9

The "freedom to worship according to one's religious beliefs" as illustrated in the Bill of Rights

A) Did not persuade all thirteen states to allow Catholics to vote until many years after the signing of the Constitution.
B) Immediately ended all tax subsidies to established churches.
C) Protected all religious from persecution but not atheists because they had no religious beliefs.
D) Was supported by only a narrow majority of the original architects of the document.

Question 10

Which denominational group literally left the United States because of religious persecution?

A) Church of England
B) Calvinist
C) Latter Day Saints (Mormons)
D) Unitarian

Question 11

Why was there such a dramatic increase in Catholic immigrants between 1820 and 1865?

A) There was a mass migration of Irish immigrants, most of whom where Catholic.
B) The Catholic Church encouraged mission to the United States to convert the country to Catholicism.
C) They came so their children could receive a Catholic education at the private school system established in the U.S.
D) They were being persecuted in Europe so they came to the United States for religious freedom.

Question 12

Anti-Catholicism was initially a result of

A) Catholic schools that lobbied for tax dollars to offset the costs of Catholic education materials.
B) The Philadelphia Bible riots.
C) Rumors of convents kidnapping and torturing Protestant women.
D) Fear and distrust among Protestants combined with a large influx of Catholic immigrants.

Question 13

Which of the following contributed least to anti-Catholic attitudes in 19th century America?

A) The Philadelphia Bible Riots
B) The Civil War
C) The Know Nothings
D) The Native American Party

Question 14

What challenges did the Catholic and Protestant churches face following the Civil War?

A) Surges in immigration lead to distinct ethnic and cultural differences regarding how catholic and protestant worshippers approached their faiths.
B) Catholic and Protestant churches in the North were unable to embrace church goers who fought on the side of the South.
C) Male causalities as a result of the war changed the complexity of religious practices.
D) An influx of black churchgoers assimilated into congregations who were not ready to have them.

Question 15

What does an agnostic believe?

A) God does not exist.
B) God created the world but a system of natural laws govern the world.
C) Their Christian faith is the one "true faith."
D) The existence of God can neither be proved nor disproved.

Question 16

What was significant about the 1928 Presidential election regarding religious diversity?

A) It was the first time a Roman-Catholic was elected as a U.S. president.
B) The Ku Klux Clan marched on Washington in opposition of a Jewish candidate for U.S. President.
C) Anti-Catholic prejudice contributed to the defeat of a presidential candidate.
D) Franklin Roosevelt was elected president ushering a new wave of acceptance of religious freedoms.

Question 17

In 1451 the king of Spain declared the blood purity statute that declared Jewish converts could not hold office in the Catholic Church. What did this assert about Jews that would later become an accepted belief?

A) Jewish people are to be considered a racial group rather than a religious group.
B) Jewish people are not allowed to convert to other religions.
C) Judaism is first and foremost a religion and not a race of people.
D) Jewish people are a dominant race and are a threat to world dominance.

Question 18

Given Catholics immigrating to America had experienced varying degrees of oppression

A) It was not surprising that Catholics openly supported Jewish immigrants when facing similar persecution.
B) It was surprising that Catholics remained neutral when Protestants vilified Jewish immigrants.
C) It was not surprising that Catholics secretly sheltered Jewish immigrants from the hostile persecution imposed by Protestants.
D) It was surprising that Catholics joined with Protestants in vilifying Jewish immigrants.

Question 19

Which of the following is not accurate about The Protocols of the Elders of Zion?

A) It was used as a basis for objecting to the appointment of a Felix Frankfurter, a Jewish statesman, to the Supreme Court in the 1930s.
B) After learning it was forgery Henry Ford changed his views about Jews and stopped his anti-Semitic prejudices.
C) It was about a conspiracy by Jews to undermine Christian civilization and establish world supremacy.
D) The text was originally written in the 1800s by Russian loyalists supporting the czar.

Question 20

Following World War II and the atrocities of the Holocaust,

A) Polls began to report that negative attitudes towards Jews were increasing.
B) American soldiers, affected by what they had seen overseas, began to develop anti-Semitic attitudes.
C) There was an increase in converts to Judaism.
D) Anti-Semitic beliefs and attitudes tapered throughout America.

Question 21

What Act allowed for the dramatic change in the racial and religious make up of immigrants to the United States?

A) The Protocols of the Elders of Zion
B) The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965
C) Patriot Act
D) The Freedom of Religion Act

Question 22

What religious minority in the United States is the fastest growing, and as such bears the brunt of religious animosity?

A) Buddhists
B) Jews
C) Muslims
D) Mormons

Question 23

While Muslim Americans constitute the second largest religion in the U.S.,

A) The majority of this population is foreign born.
B) There are numerous fractions to the Islamic faith therefore decreasing the over-all visibility of the religion.
C) Three-fourths of this population reports experiencing or knows someone who has experienced anti-Muslim behavior.
D) The population is rapidly shrinking due to negative media portrayals.

Question 24

Following the authorization of the Patriot Act after the September 11, 2001, 82,000 Muslim immigrants were fingerprinted and interrogated. Of these how many had enough evidence to declare them "suspected" terrorists?

A) 11
B) 110
C) 1100
D) 11,000

Question 25

Interfaith dialogues promoted by Harvard University and Mall of America

A) Have resulted in reduced numbers of Anglo-Protestant undergraduate applications.
B) Demonstrate the importance of providing opportunities for students to sample faiths so that they might make more committed decisions about their own faiths.
C) Have come under scrutiny for not promoting dialogues between all faiths.
D) Demonstrate the importance of engaging people in religious discussions so as to foster understanding of faiths different than their own.

Question 26

What was the result of the 2002 Ninth Circuit court ruling in Newdow v. United States Congress?

A) Public school students do not have to recite the Pledge of Allegiance when others in the class say it.
B) The Pledge of Allegiance may not be said in school because school is a coercive setting that puts pressure on students to conform.
C) Even if they do not recite the Pledge of Allegiance, students must stand while others say it.
D) It took the phrase "under God" out of the Pledge of Allegiance.

Question 27

Which of the following was not a key court ruling during the latter half of the 20th century that brought greater secularization to public schools?

A) Schools could not offer prayers by religious leaders at commencement ceremonies.
B) Posting of the Ten Commandments in schools was found to be unconstitutional.
C) Creationism was found to be based on science and therefore could be taught alongside the theory of evolution.
D) Children cannot be required to recite the Pledge of Allegiance.

Question 28

Religious expressions such as prayer, by students in public schools

A) Should not be prevented, as long as the expression is not a disruption.
B) Are acceptable in public schools when state constitutions allow it.
C) Are strictly forbidden as a result of laws requiring separation of church and state.
D) Often lead to disruptions between believers and secularists.

Question 29

According to a 2011 Pew Research survey, which of the following groups do Americans feel more antagonistic toward?

A) Catholics
B) Jews
C) Atheists
D) Muslims

Question 30

Which of the following statements is not true in terms of the relationships between religion and schools?

A) Teaching about religion is now a part of state standards for teachers as long as accurate information about fundamental beliefs is provided for all major word religions.
B) Schools receiving federal funds must allow the formation of Secular Student Alliances (SSA) for atheists and agnostic students if they sponsor other student groups.
C) Religious groups may use the facilities if other community groups also have access to the school.
D) Schools may not use the Bible in school for any purpose.

Question 31

We are taught that colonists came to the New World for freedom of religion. Why is this both true and false?

Question 32

How were various religion groups kept from wielding any political power in the 1700s and early 1800s even though "No religious Test shall ever be required as a Qualification to any Office or public Trust under the United States" (Article VI) was written in the Constitution and "the freedom to worship according to one's personal religious beliefs" was guaranteed in the Bill of Rights?

Question 33

Why has a majority in the United States harbored such a long and deep distrust of Catholics? Explain what events, persons, or characteristics served to prolong such anti-Catholic behavior into the 20th century.

Question 34

How was anti-Semitism promoted in the United States during late 1800s and through World War II?

Question 35

Religious freedom requires understanding of different faiths. What religions have you been exposed to and how do they differ from your own?