Deck 8: Memory

Question 1

Solada had to park on the far end of the lot this morning, so she walked by dozens of cars on her way to class. Later, she learns that a student's car was stolen from the same lot soon after she walked through. Though she tries, she can't remember a car that meets the description of the stolen car. This is most likely due to

A) memory decay.
B) encoding failure.
C) state-dependent learning.
D) repression.

Answer 1

encoding failure.

Question 2

Jen's dad sends her to the grocery store for a few last-minute dinner items. Jen repeats the list of ten items as she walks to the store but can remember only the first and last three items when she gets there-she is unable to remember the four in the middle. Why did she forget the four items in the middle of the list?

A)The items were probably vegetables, since research shows that vegetable names are difficult for most people to remember.
B) Exercise tends to degrade information if it has just been learned.
C) Because her father gave her the list all at once, Jen wasn't able to hold each item in her short-term memory long enough to encode it for long-term storage.
D) The four middle items never entered her sensory memory.

Answer 2

Because her father gave her the list all at once, Jen wasn't able to hold each item in her short-term memory long enough to encode it for long-term storage.

Question 3

Yesterday, Colleen went to an interesting lecture. She didn't take notes, because she isn't going to be tested on the lecture. Though she made no effort to memorize any of the information the speaker presented, she is able to repeat a great deal of it to a friend. How did the information get into her long-term memory?

A) chunking
B) elaborative rehearsal
C) semantic encoding
D) automatic processing

Answer 3

automatic processing

Question 4

Yesterday, Colleen went to an interesting lecture on relationship problems. She didn't take notes, because she isn't going to be tested on the lecture. Though she made no effort to memorize any of the information the speaker presented, she is able to repeat a great deal of it to a friend. In particular, she is able to remember the parts that she felt applied to her own past relationships. Which concept explains why?

A) levels of processing
B) the Tolman effect
C) semantic encoding
D) elaborative rehearsal

Question 5

Peter is studying for the college entrance exam in a quiet corner of the library at a desk with good overhead lighting. Winona studies for the entrance exam lying on her bed with music and the television on. If Peter and Winona are of comparable intelligence and have studied for the same amount of time, who will probably do better on the exam?

A) Peter, because he is studying in an environment similar to the one in which he will take the test.
B) Winona, because music stimulates the neurons that help us remember.
C) Peter, because men's memories tend to be more accurate than women's.
D) Winona, because women's memories tend to be more accurate than men's.

Question 6

Eva rides the bus to and from work each day. Tonight, she needs to stop by the market, so she associates each grocery item on her list with a different bus stop. As she walks through the store, she imagines she is riding the bus. At each stop, she picks up one of the items on her list. Eva is using (the)

A) acronyms.
B) method of loci.
C) mono-coding theory.
D) rote memorization.

Question 7

Over the last few years, Sakura's grandmother has become forgetful, confused, and disoriented. Sakura goes with Grandmother to have cognitive testing done, and afterward the doctor says that Grandmother's procedural, semantic, episodic, and prospective memories are all affected. Grandmother probably

A) has Alzheimer's disease.
B) is experiencing normal decay of the memory trace.
C) is dealing with interference, since she has learned so many things over the years.
D) is repressing things she doesn't like to think about.

Question 8

Doug is listening to a new CD. The artist used sampling (taking a recording from one source and incorporating it into a new recording) on one track. As soon as he hears it, Doug knows the sample is from a movie, but he can't remember which one. This is called

A) consolidation.
B) the Loftus effect.
C) homeostasis.
D) source confusion.