Deck 25: Physiological Stress

Question 1

The nurse is concerned that a critically ill client is experiencing mobilization of fat stores and skeletal muscle and tissue proteins are being catabolized. Which metabolic state is this client experiencing?

A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hyperglycemia
C) Hyperlipidemia
D) Hypermetabolism

Answer 1

Hypermetabolism

Question 2

A client recovering from injuries sustained in a motor vehicle crash is on a regular diet but has no appetite and is not eating. What could be the result of this client taking in an inadequate amount of calories?

A) Anemia and result in hypoxia in the damaged cells
B) Hypoglycemia leading to polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia
C) Fatigue which would limit the client's ability to attend physical therapy
D) Loss of lean body mass which could lead to complications, infection, and poor wound healing

Answer 2

Loss of lean body mass which could lead to complications, infection, and poor wound healing

Question 3

A client with a critical illness is demonstrating signs of the fight-or-flight response. What occurs in the client's body during this response?

A) Fat burned to produce fuel
B) Glucose produced to provide amino acids
C) Protein catabolized to provide reactant proteins
D) Muscle tissue broken down to provide essential vitamins and minerals

Answer 3

Fat burned to produce fuel

Question 4

A client is being treated for extensive burns over much of the body. For which reason should the nurse expect to administer extra fluids to this client?

A) The wounds are exudative and contribute to fluid loss
B) The client has lost a significant amount of body weight
C) The remaining skin is dry from heat exposure and needs moisture
D) The client is confined to bed and must rely on nursing care to meet essential needs

Question 5

The nurse is caring for a client with a pressure ulcer. For which nutrient should the nurse assess that this client is receiving an adequate amount?

A) Fat
B) Protein
C) Magnesium
D) Carbohydrates

Question 6

An older client with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has a low oxygen saturation level and becomes short of breath when eating. Why should the nurse recommend that this client be on a high-fat high-protein diet?

A) The risk of heart disease is low because of the client's age
B) Allows a weight gain and develop muscle to aid with recovery
C) Provides more calories per bite to permit less food intake but with more calories
D) Foods high in protein and fats are easier to digest and less likely to cause indigestion

Question 7

A client is recovering from traumatic injuries. Which foods should the nurse encourage the client to eat to maximize wound healing?

A) Soda
B) Spinach
C) Oranges
D) Popsicles
E) Tomatoes

Question 8

The nurse completes a nutritional assessment with a client scheduled for surgery. For which BMI should the nurse suggest that this client have enteral therapy for 2 weeks prior to the surgery?

A) > 25
B) < 25
C) > 30
D) < 18.5

Question 9

During a preoperative assessment, the nurse learns that a client takes all-natural nutritional supplements. Which response should the nurse make to this client?

A) "Discuss this with the anesthesiologist the day of surgery."
B) "Skip the supplements the day of surgery, but resume afterwards."
C) "Since the dietary supplements are "all natural" there should not be a problem."
D) "Even all-natural dietary supplements may interact with anesthesia, medications, or alter blood clotting."

Question 10

The nurse notes that a client is not expected to abstain from food or fluids before a surgical procedure. Which possible postoperative complication is avoided by this action?

A) Daily headaches
B) Increased fatigue
C) Delayed blood clotting
D) Depletion of glucose stores

Question 11

The nurse notes that a client with several leg wounds is prescribed additional protein in the diet. For which reason is it important for this client to ingest additional protein at this time?

A) It is used as a source of energy
B) It is needed to synthesize new tissue
C) It can be used in place of glucose for tissue repair
D) It reduces the need for frequent wound dressing changes

Question 12

A client is being treated for burns over the torso and lower extremities. Which supplement is the priority when providing care to the client at this time?

A) Fats
B) Fluids
C) Proteins
D) Vitamin A

Question 13

The nurse caring for a client with pressure ulcers. What should the nurse consider as the role of vitamins and minerals in this client's care?

A) Promoting weight gain
B) Maintaining fluid balances
C) Replacement of muscle mass
D) Encourage the healing process