Deck 12: Community Policing

Question 1

What is meant by corporate strategies for policing?

Answer 1

For several decades, police chiefs and academics throughout the United States have discussed changes in the traditional methods of policing and have explored new ways of accomplishing the police mission. Corporate strategies are these alternative methods to accomplish the police mission. The National Institute of Justice and Harvard produced a series of monographs that have shaped the current state of police thinking. These monographs discussed community policing, problem-oriented policing, police values, corporate strategies of policing, crime and policing, policing and the fear of crime, the history of policing, police accountability, and drugs and the police. Harvard's Executive Sessions on Policing identified three corporate strategies that are presently guiding U.S. policing: (1) strategic policing, (2) community policing, and (3) problem-solving policing.

Question 2

What is problem-solving policing?

Answer 2

This type of policing uses a nontraditional approach that emphasizes how crime is caused by underlying social problems and attempts to deal with those underlying problems rather than just responding to each criminal incident. Problem-solving or problem-oriented policing seeks to solve problems and have an outcome. An example of problem-solving policing would be police painting over graffiti. If left alone, the presence of graffiti could contribute to further crimes. Once the graffiti is removed, the likelihood of similar crimes would diminish.

Question 3

What are some areas of concern for scholars and practitioners regarding community-oriented policing?

Answer 3

Research on the effectiveness of community-oriented policing has yielded mixed results. Many experts are not overly enthusiastic about community policing. A concern that has been raised by some law enforcement leaders is whether the activities officers are engaging in under the umbrella of community policing (recreational roles, tutoring roles, social work roles) are the type of activities that law enforcement officers should be doing. The actual practitioners have many concerns about these issues as well.

Question 4

How has homeland security been aligned with community policing?

Question 5

Problem-solving policing and community policing involve a partnership between the police and the community. Problem-solving policing analyzes the underlying problems related to crime. Community policing encourages citizens to work with police officers to solve community problems. The two philosophies work hand-in-hand to work together with community members to address crime and the quality of life in the community.
In the community policing model, officers are empowered to make decisions and power is decentralized, therefore making more effective use of personnel.
This scenario focuses on community policing.
The Dallas, Texas police department has recently created a Community Policing team. The team's objective is to interact and partner up with members of the community to help solve problems and create a better relationship between the police and the citizens. Regular meetings are going to be held with citizens to determine what the priorities for the Community Policing team should be and how they can work together to address issues affecting life in the community.

-What philosophy empowers citizens and cultivates a partnership between police and community to solve problems?

A) community policing
B) strategic policing
C) problem-solving policing
D) broken windows policing

Question 6

Problem-solving policing and community policing involve a partnership between the police and the community. Problem-solving policing analyzes the underlying problems related to crime. Community policing encourages citizens to work with police officers to solve community problems. The two philosophies work hand-in-hand to work together with community members to address crime and the quality of life in the community.
In the community policing model, officers are empowered to make decisions and power is decentralized, therefore making more effective use of personnel.
This scenario focuses on community policing.
The Dallas, Texas police department has recently created a Community Policing team. The team's objective is to interact and partner up with members of the community to help solve problems and create a better relationship between the police and the citizens. Regular meetings are going to be held with citizens to determine what the priorities for the Community Policing team should be and how they can work together to address issues affecting life in the community.

-Which of the following is true of community policing?

A) It allows for more effective use of personnel.
B) It uses the scanning, analysis, response, and assessment (SARA) model.
C) It has four distinct parts.
D) It focuses on independent police work.

Question 7

What Would You Do?
You are a police officer for the Dallas, Texas police department, and you have been assigned to their Community Policing team. You hold your first community meeting and the main concern from the citizens are a group of teenagers who have dropped out of high school and started selling drugs at the neighborhood parks and on street corners.
Your police chief wants you to design a strategy to address this problem that focuses on the kids in your community. He stresses the importance of being effective and getting those kids off the streets.
-Which strategy do you devise?

Question 8

A job training program is a good option as it focuses on both the financial aspects of drug dealing, providing the teenagers with an opportunity to replace it will legitimate income, and keeping them busy and off the streets.
Your idea to start a youth job training program is starting to take shape. The community members and other organizations have rallied behind you in support and are excited to help you.

-Which of the following programs focuses on involving youth and their families in improving the quality of community life?

A) the Police Athletic League
B) the Community Emergency Response Team
C) Coffee with a Cop
D) Neighborhood Watch

Question 9

A job training program is a good option as it focuses on both the financial aspects of drug dealing, providing the teenagers with an opportunity to replace it will legitimate income, and keeping them busy and off the streets.
Your idea to start a youth job training program is starting to take shape. The community members and other organizations have rallied behind you in support and are excited to help you.

-Which of the following is true of methods like community policing?

A) Power is decentralized.
B) Officers are reactive.
C) Policing is focused on the criminal act.
D) Officers spend little time with community members.

Question 10

What Would You Do?
As your youth job training program continues to develop, you start to focus on the youths selling drugs in the parks, and encourage them to participate in your upcoming program. They completely blow you off and tell you they have no interest in joining any job training program, especially when their current line of work pays so well.
-What do you do?

Question 11

Summary A
The kids listen to what the former drug dealer has to say. They appear to make a better connection with him than with you. Although not all of them are interested, some of them tell you they want to participate in the program and you make appointments to sign them up.
To learn more, see "Community Policing."
Summary B
The kids listen to the business leaders and appear to be interested in what they have to say. Not all of them sign up to participate but some of them make appointments to sign up for job training.
To learn more, see "Community Policing."
As you continue to work on the development of your youth sports program, you realize you have hit a road block. Several key community members have expressed doubts in your ability to produce an effective program that will actually get kids off the streets and invested in the community.

-Which of the following programs focuses on involving youth and their families in improving the quality of community life?

A) the Police Athletic League
B) the Community Emergency Response Team
C) Coffee with a Cop
D) Neighborhood Watch

Question 12

Summary A
The kids listen to what the former drug dealer has to say. They appear to make a better connection with him than with you. Although not all of them are interested, some of them tell you they want to participate in the program and you make appointments to sign them up.
To learn more, see "Community Policing."
Summary B
The kids listen to the business leaders and appear to be interested in what they have to say. Not all of them sign up to participate but some of them make appointments to sign up for job training.
To learn more, see "Community Policing."
As you continue to work on the development of your youth sports program, you realize you have hit a road block. Several key community members have expressed doubts in your ability to produce an effective program that will actually get kids off the streets and invested in the community.

-Which of the following is true of methods like community policing?

A) Power is decentralized.
B) Officers are reactive.
C) Policing is focused on the criminal act.
D) Officer spends little time with community members.

Question 13

What Would You Do?
Community support for your youth sports program is decreasing and your police chief wants to know how you are going to make the program successful, and achieve the ultimate goal of reducing the number of kids dropping out of school and selling drugs.
-Which option do you choose?

Question 14

Which type of policing represents an advanced stage of traditional policing using innovative enforcement techniques including intelligence operations, electronic surveillance, and sophisticated forensic techniques?

A) community
B) strategic
C) problem-solving
D) broken windows

Question 15

What is one of the main points of the broken window model of policing?

A) Disorder in neighborhoods creates fear.
B) Broken windows detract criminals from committing crimes in certain neighborhoods.
C) Police cannot rely on the cooperation of the community.
D) Fighting crime should be the primary focus of police patrol.

Question 16

Which term refers to gang violence and open confrontations among various segments of society, specifically the police?

A) police brutality
B) domestic violence
C) local violence
D) civil unrest

Question 17

What was added to Detroit neighborhoods that led to increased police presence in the community, improved communication and cooperation between officers and residents, and expanded the department's commitment to community policing?

A) two-person patrol cars
B) police home visits
C) 911 programs
D) mini-stations

Question 18

Community policing differs from the police-community relations concept in that it __________.

A) does not rely on full-time personnel
B) does not have to involve line officers
C) must be supported and practiced by an entire police department
D) relies on only a few leaders in a community

Question 19

If a police chief believes that the police should not just respond to incident after incident, but rather focus on the problems that cause the incidents, what type of policing do they support?

A) community policing
B) problem-solving policing
C) incident-based policing
D) intelligence-led policing

Question 20

The problem-oriented policing strategy consists of four distinct parts, known by the acronym SARA. What does the "S" in SARA stand for?

A) solving
B) searching
C) scanning
D) service

Question 21

What happens during the response phase of problem-oriented policing?

A) Officers discuss incidents as problems to which the police must respond.
B) Officers use information they collected to come up with solutions to the problem.
C) Officers evaluate the effectiveness of their response to the problem.
D) Officers prepare a program of action suitable to the problem.

Question 22

The problem-oriented policing process necessitates improving various skill sets, including a formal sustained commitment to work together to accomplish a common mission, which is referred to as __________.

A) collaboration
B) communication
C) classification
D) collection

Question 23

Community policing and problem-oriented policing go hand in hand, but there are differences. What is the main difference?

A) Community policing is concerned with the community solving local problems, and problem-oriented policing is more concerned with the police solving local problems
B) Community policing is concerned with the relationship between the police and the community, and problem-oriented policing is more concerned with solving a particular problem.
C) Community policing involves a single community, whereas problem-oriented policing, by necessity, relies on multiple communities working together.
D) Community policing tends to involve more resources and police officers, and problem-oriented policing involves fewer resources and police officers.

Question 24

What generated an increased number of calls for service, which the San Marcos, Texas, Police Department addressed using problem-oriented policing?

A) the homeless population
B) robbery complaints
C) vehicle collisions
D) noise complaints

Question 25

One popular community policing program that has been practiced around the world involves officers and residents talking together at a local McDonalds or Starbucks, for example, and is known as __________.

A) Breakfast Talks
B) Community Cups
C) Coffee with a Cop
D) Morning Greetings

Question 26

Just simply having a police department website can be considered part of a community policing strategy. Why?

A) It improves the quality of life in the community, from its youth to its senior citizens.
B) It allows information to be reported and provides contact information for people in the organization.
C) It minimizes the fear of crime and empowers the senior citizen population.
D) It enables the community to meet with officers in local establishments on a regular basis.

Question 27

Officer Gloria Mansfield is part of a program in which she lives in subsidized housing in the city and works an eight-hour day, but she is also on call 24 hours a day for any residents that need assistance. This program is known as a __________.

A) community assistance program
B) police and citizens together initiative
C) service area police program
D) resident officer program

Question 28

Which program gave police officers 50 percent discounts to buy federally foreclosed homes in low-income neighborhoods if they agreed to live in the homes for at least three years?

A) Neighborhood Officer
B) Resident Police
C) Officer Next Door
D) Community Police Initiative

Question 29

The provisions of which bill authorized the expenditure of nearly $8 billion over six years for grants to law enforcement agencies to reduce crime?

A) the Crime Bill
B) the Community Oriented Policing Services Bill
C) the Justice Bill
D) the COP (Community Oriented Policing) Initiative Bill

Question 30

What was one of the successes of the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS)?

A) It has reduced the number of police officers necessary in participating communities.
B) It has greatly increased the number of police officers in the field.
C) It has eliminated the atmosphere of fear created by crime in participating communities.
D) It has reduced the amount of federal funding necessary for community policing.

Question 31

Which city is often cited as having had the greatest success with community policing?

A) New York City
B) Chicago
C) Los Angeles
D) Houston

Question 32

The city of Duluth, Minnesota, won an International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) Community Policing Award for their response to __________.

A) housing violations
B) sexual assault against Native American women
C) active shooter incidents
D) the opioid epidemic

Question 33

What is the goal of the Drug Abuse Response Team (DART) implemented in the Northampton, Massachusetts, Police Department?

A) to find housing for local people addicted to opioids
B) to act as counselors for local people addicted to opioids
C) to connect drug users with services that can help them
D) to identify those opioid users who also commit local crimes

Question 34

In what city did the police department establish the BLUE + YOU initiative after they had a negative incident that led to a drastic decrease in the community's trust of the police department?

A) Indianapolis, Indiana
B) Santa Fe, New Mexico
C) Sarasota, Florida
D) New Rochelle, New York

Question 35

In the book The Move to Community Policing: Making Change Happen, the authors describe the stages police organizations need to accomplish in order to move into community policing program. What would be the final stage for the police as they went through the process?

A) changing the police culture
B) developing data-driven approaches
C) dealing with ongoing challenges
D) monitoring and institutionalization

Question 36

One of the problems with keeping community policing working well is that many of the resources that were previously devoted to it are now being used to __________.

A) fund advanced technology
B) prevent terrorism
C) fund police vehicles
D) pay for community cooperation

Question 37

Many states and larger cities have created state and local places to share information and intelligence within their jurisdictions as well as with the federal government. These places are referred to as __________.

A) fusion centers
B) service stations
C) police operations
D) intervention teams

Question 38

In Tempe, Arizona, the Assistance in Disaster (AID) program was created to mobilize a community response in the event of a(n) __________.

A) natural disaster
B) terrorist attack
C) increase in neighborhood crime
D) natural disaster or terrorist attack