Deck 3: Assessing the Target Population’s ?Nutritional Status

Question 1

A nutrition survey needs to be complex and detailed to be meaningful.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Nutrition status indicators are qualitative measures that serve as guides to screen,diagnose,and evaluate interventions in individuals.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Lifestyle factors include all of the following except:

A) physical activity level.
B) ability to handle stress.
C) genetic predispositions.
D) use of alcohol.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following can affect nutrient utilization?

A) Alcohol use
B) Genetic factors
C) Gender and race
D) All of these

Question 5

Nonverbal communication skills are critical when conducting a nutrition assessment in a culturally diverse setting.

Question 6

Validity refers to the repeatability or precision of an instrument.

Question 7

As illustrated by the social-ecological framework,food intake is influenced by

A) governmental policies and programs.
B) our attitudes and cognitions.
C) our cultural norms and values.
D) All of these influence our food intake.

Question 8

As illustrated by the social-ecological framework,our belief systems,heritage,religion,and lifestyle are all examples of

A) environmental settings.
B) individual factors.
C) sectors of influence.
D) social and cultural norms and values.

Question 9

Nutrition screening is designed to reverse,retard,or halt the progress of a disease by detecting it as soon as possible.

Question 10

Questions regarding family interaction around food and food acquisition are important to ask during a nutrition assessment.

Question 11

Nutrition screening can occur in both the clinical and community environments.

Question 12

A _____ is a group of people who are interdependent and share a set of norms,beliefs,values,or behaviors.

A) sample
B) social group
C) focus group
D) population

Question 13

Nutrition screening programs are an adequate substitute for routine medical visits.

Question 14

Ideally,it is desirable to have an assessment method that is both highly sensitive and highly specific,but in reality,this is improbable.

Question 15

Low socioeconomic status is linked with high prevalence rates of chronic conditions,reduced access to medical care,high stress levels,and poor outcomes following treatment.

Question 16

A low literacy level is not a predictor of poor health.

Question 17

A cultural assessment of the target population is needed before data collection begins.

Question 18

The social-ecological framework emphasizes connections between people and their environment.

Question 19

Health risk appraisals are used to diagnose disease states.

Question 20

One of the purposes of studying the target population is to understand their values and beliefs.

Question 21

A group of individuals whose beliefs,biological characteristics,or other features represent a larger population is called a

A) subset.
B) case.
C) sample.
D) survey.

Question 22

Which of the following is not a characteristic of screening efforts?

A) Screens tend to be safe, simple, and inexpensive to administer.
B) Screens can only be administered by medical doctors or nurses.
C) Screens occur in both the clinical and community settings.
D) There are many acceptable screening tools available for use.

Question 23

Which of the following statements is false?

A) Surveys are an expensive method of collecting information.
B) Surveys can be used to collect qualitative and quantitative data.
C) Surveys can be used with both individuals and groups.
D) Surveys can be self-administered or administered by a trained interviewer.

Question 24

The first step in planning a survey is to determine

A) who will design the survey.
B) who will conduct the survey.
C) how the survey will be carried out.
D) the purpose of the survey.

Question 25

Which of the following has the strongest association with health among children?

A) Poverty
B) Race
C) Family structure
D) Education level of parents

Question 26

Focus group data is usually _____ in nature.

A) qualitative
B) quantitative
C) both qualitative and quantitative
D) neither qualitative nor quantitative

Question 27

Which of the following is not an acceptable method of assessing the readability of surveys?

A) FOG Index
B) SMOG formula
C) Readability function within a word processing program
D) MOP formula

Question 28

Which of the following is most characteristic of an effective focus group facilitator?

A) A good listener
B) Biased
C) Controlling
D) Aggressive

Question 29

A systematic study of a cross-section of individuals who represent the target population is called a

A) sample.
B) survey.
C) subset.
D) case.

Question 30

Based on some of practical aspects of dietary intake information,which of the following methods would be the most appropriate for a low-income female immigrant living in public housing?

A) Food diary
B) Food frequency
C) Diet history
D) Twenty-four hour recall

Question 31

Which of the following is the greatest predictor of health status?

A) Literacy level
B) Poverty
C) Race or ethnicity
D) Single parent households

Question 32

Which of the following is an informal,qualitative research tool in which attitudinal information is drawn from a group discussion?

A) Health risk appraisal
B) Focus group
C) Interview with key informants
D) Screening

Question 33

Which of the following exerts the most influence on health and nutrition status?

A) Friends
B) Family
C) Co-workers
D) Neighbors

Question 34

The _____ method is considered the "gold standard" of diet assessment methods.

A) diet record
B) food frequency
C) twenty-four-hour recall
D) diet history

Question 35

Which of the following issues should be considered when selecting a dietary intake determination method?

A) Age, literacy level, and language skill
B) Cost of analysis, training of interviewers, and intake forms
C) Sample size needed and type of intake data needed
D) All of these should be considered.

Question 36

Which of the following is characteristic of the health risk appraisal?

A) Formal interview used to determine the population's general health status
B) Used widely in worksites, government agencies, and universities
C) Has been unsuccessful in improving health behaviors
D) All of these are characteristic of the health risk appraisal.

Question 37

How might a community nutritionist determine an individual's attitude towards the health care services available in her community?

A) Individual interview
B) Phone survey
C) Focus group
D) Any of these might be appropriate.

Question 38

_____ is an important preventive health activity designed to reverse,retard,or halt the progress of a disease by detecting it as soon as possible.

A) Screening
B) Analysis
C) Assessment
D) Evaluation

Question 39

Food records and inventory methods are used at which level to estimate food consumption?

A) Individual
B) Household
C) Community
D) National

Question 40

Which of the following is not a component of a health risk appraisal?

A) A questionnaire
B) A report to the participant
C) Nutrition screening
D) Calculations that predict risk of disease

Question 41

Which of the following is not an example of non-verbal communication?

A) Facial expressions
B) Food rituals
C) Gestures
D) Touch

Question 42

Jane has a decreased level of albumin in her blood.Which method of nutrition assessment was most likely used to determine this indicator of nutritional status?

A) Anthropometric
B) Biochemical
C) Clinical
D) Dietary

Question 43

Define and describe focus groups,including their uses and how they are planned and conducted.

Question 44

Compare and contrast three direct assessments of nutritional status.

Question 45

Which of the following should be considered during a cultural assessment?

A) The appropriateness of certain hand gestures
B) The typical greeting used
C) Whether or not to look the client in the eye
D) All of these should be considered.

Question 46

The proportion of subjects without the disease or condition who have a negative test is referred to as

A) specificity.
B) sensitivity.
C) reliability.
D) validity.

Question 47

Which of the following would not affect an instrument's validity?

A) The participant's reading level
B) A large number of different varieties of apples included on the food frequency questionnaire component
C) Questions regarding MyPlate
D) Several questions assessing the same concept

Question 48

Validity refers to:

A) the ability of a diet assessment instrument to measure what it is intended to measure.
B) the ability of a diet assessment instrument to produce the same estimate of dietary intake on two separate occasions.
C) accuracy.
D) a and c
E) b and c

Question 49

Describe five methods for obtaining data about a target population.

Question 50

Describe the three components of a health risk appraisal,and discuss the usefulness and limitations of this type of survey instrument.

Question 51

The proportion of individuals in the sample with the disease or condition who have a positive test for the disease or condition is referred to as

A) reliability.
B) sensitivity.
C) specificity.
D) validity.

Question 52

Differentiate between sensitivity and specificity,using an example to illustrate the differences.

Question 53

_____ methods of assessment can detect subclinical deficiencies of nutrients.

A) Anthropometric
B) Clinical
C) Laboratory
D) Diet record

Question 54

Using the social-ecological framework,illustrate the key factors that influence food intake.

Question 55

Anthropometric measurements include:

A) skinfold measures.
B) waist circumference.
C) capillary fragility.
D) a and b
E) b and c

Question 56

Describe the types of data that might be collected about the target population specified by the community needs assessment.

Question 57

As a community nutritionist,what questions would you ask about the design of a survey in order to ensure that it is carefully designed and carried out so that it will provide valid and reliable information for your nutritional needs assessment?

Question 58

A quantitative measure used as a guide to screen,diagnose,and evaluate interventions in individuals is a

A) focus group.
B) mini nutrition assessment.
C) nutrition survey.
D) nutritional status indicator.

Question 59

Other terms for reliability include

A) precision.
B) reproducibility.
C) accuracy.
D) a and b
E) b and c

Question 60

List three threats to the validity of a survey designed to measure food intake.

Question 61

Use the following case scenario to answer short answer items. The local chapter of the American Heart Association has contacted you to assist in the development of a focus group to determine if their services in your community have been positively received.
Is a focus group an appropriate data collection method for this purpose? Why or why not?

Question 62

Discuss the factors to consider when conducting a cultural assessment of the target population.

Question 63

What are three issues to consider when selecting a method to assess dietary intake?

Question 64

Use the following case scenario to answer short answer items. The local chapter of the American Heart Association has contacted you to assist in the development of a focus group to determine if their services in your community have been positively received.
Would it be appropriate to collect this information via a survey? Why or why not?

Question 65

Use the following case scenario to answer short answer items. The local chapter of the American Heart Association has contacted you to assist in the development of a focus group to determine if their services in your community have been positively received.
If the survey method were to be used,what might affect the survey's validity?

Question 66

Differentiate between attitudes and cognitions and explain how they both influence food intake.

Question 67

Use the following case scenario to answer short answer items. The local chapter of the American Heart Association has contacted you to assist in the development of a focus group to determine if their services in your community have been positively received.
If a focus group were to be utilized,what questions might be asked?

Question 68

As a WIC nutritionist seeking to evaluate the nutrition status of children whose mothers are participating in the WIC program,list three nutrition status indicators you might include in your evaluation.

Question 69

What are three factors that affect nutrient utilization?

Question 70

What primary social group has the most influence on health and nutritional status and why?