Deck 14: World Hunger and Food Insecurity: Challenges and Opportunities

Question 1

_____ is the leading health risk worldwide.

A) Poverty
B) Hunger
C) Vitamin A deficiency
D) Unsafe drinking water

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The combination of high import costs and low export profits are favorable to combating malnutrition.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Food insecurity is a product of poverty resulting from the ways in which governments and businesses manage national and international economies.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The major cause of food insecurity is now recognized to be

A) overpopulation.
B) poverty.
C) inadequate food production.
D) lack of education.

Question 5

In developing countries,mothers are advised to continue breastfeeding up to 2 years.

Question 6

GOBI is a child survival plan set forth by the USDA.

Question 7

Neonatal disorders and a few treatable infectious diseases such as diarrhea,pneumonia,malaria,and measles are the leading causes of child mortality worldwide.

Question 8

Most children who die of malnutrition do not starve to death,but instead die from dehydration and diarrhea.

Question 9

More than _____ percent of chronically hungry people are women.

A) 35
B) 50
C) 60
D) 69

Question 10

Global food insecurity is more extreme than domestic food insecurity.

Question 11

Food insecurity is a problem stemming from poverty.

Question 12

Urbanization has been a factor in the worldwide decline in breastfeeding.

Question 13

We can find ways to reduce our consumption,both individually and as a nation.

Question 14

A major contributor to children's malnutrition in developing countries is the low bulk and low energy content of the available foods.

Question 15

Individuals can help change the world through their personal choices.

Question 16

Poverty is the root of overpopulation.

Question 17

Food security consists of access by all people at all times to sufficient,safe,and nutritious food for an active and healthy life.

Question 18

_____ percent of the developing world's population suffer from chronic undernutrition.

A) Seven
B) Ten
C) Twelve
D) Sixteen

Question 19

Almost one third of all children in developing countries have stunted growth due to chronic undernutrition.

Question 20

Nutrition and health are tools of economic development.

Question 21

Which group of individuals is the first to show signs of undernutrition within the family unit?

A) Pregnant and lactating women
B) Infants and young children
C) Elderly
D) a and b
E) b and c

Question 22

When a nation's standard of living rises,the _____ rates fall first,followed eventually by the _____ rate.

A) birth, death
B) infant mortality, maternal mortality
C) death, birth
D) growth, hospitalization

Question 23

Development that meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs is known as

A) appropriate development.
B) sustainable development.
C) labor-intensive development.
D) demographic transition.

Question 24

_____ seem(s)to be at the root of food insecurity and overpopulation.

A) Inadequate food supplies
B) Multinational corporations
C) Poverty
D) Governmental policies

Question 25

Worldwide,all of the following micronutrient deficiencies are of particular concern except

A) iron.
B) iodine.
C) vitamin C.
D) vitamin A.

Question 26

Which of the following is not required to increase the agricultural productivity of the rural poor in a way that supports self-reliance?

A) Greater access to land
B) Greater access to capital
C) Greater access to technology
D) Greater access to manpower

Question 27

Golden rice has the potential to lessen _____ deficiency.

A) calcium
B) iron
C) iodine
D) vitamin A

Question 28

Low-income countries have _____ birth rates and _____ death rates.

A) high, low
B) high, high
C) low, high
D) low, low

Question 29

Nearly _____ percent of the world's population experience some form of malnutrition.

A) 15
B) 20
C) 25
D) 30

Question 30

Worldwide,the life expectancy averages about _____ years as compared to the life expectancy of _____ years in the United States.

A) 55, 75
B) 57, 77
C) 63, 79
D) 70, 78

Question 31

One of the indirect costs of hunger is:

A) low-birthweight babies.
B) maternal complications of pregnancy.
C) lost productivity and income.
D) malnourished children.

Question 32

The major preventable cause of mental retardation worldwide is _____ deficiency.

A) iodine
B) folate
C) iron
D) vitamin A

Question 33

_____ is the most widespread form of malnutrition in the world today.

A) Kwashiorkor
B) Marasmus
C) Protein deficiency
D) Protein-energy malnutrition

Question 34

Multinational companies contribute to hunger through each of the following except

A) through their advertising and marketing techniques.
B) by diverting acreage away from the traditional staples of local diets.
C) by contributing to problems of overpopulation.
D) by hiring poor people to work for them and then paying them a low wage.

Question 35

_____ is a net exporter of barley,beans,peanuts,fresh vegetables,cattle,and luxury crops,yet 40% of its citizens cannot obtain sufficient food on a day-to-day basis.

A) Asia
B) South America
C) Africa
D) Central America

Question 36

At least _____ percent of all child deaths worldwide are caused by neonatal disorders and a few treatable infectious diseases.

A) 45
B) 55
C) 65
D) 75

Question 37

Healthy women in developed countries gain an average of _____ pounds during pregnancy,whereas poor women in developing countries gain _____ pounds.

A) 35, 20-25
B) 33, 35
C) 27, 11-15
D) 27, 5-10

Question 38

Why is land reform of great importance to efforts to end poverty and hunger?

A) Land reform encourages families to have more children to help grow food for local consumption.
B) Land reform helps attract multinational corporations whose local operations provide employment for the poor.
C) Land reform allows people the opportunity to produce food for export and sale.
D) Land reform allows people the opportunity to produce food for local consumption.

Question 39

The maternal mortality rate is the highest in

A) Central and Eastern Europe.
B) East Asia and Pacific.
C) South Asia.
D) Sub-Saharan Africa.

Question 40

Approximately _____ of children in developing countries are underweight.

A) 15 percent
B) 20 percent
C) 25 percent
D) 30 percent

Question 41

Why do some observers say that the multinational companies have done more harm than good as regards solving the hunger problem?

Question 42

Explain why people in developing countries choose to have many children.

Question 43

List four causes of world food insecurity.

Question 44

Which of the following is not an example of sustainable development?

A) Techniques that prevent soil erosion
B) Crop rotation
C) Conversion of forests to farmland
D) All of these are sustainable measures

Question 45

Discuss the reasons why women are more susceptible than men to food insecurity and undernutrition in developing countries.

Question 46

The elements of UNICEF's Child Survival Campaign include all of the following except

A) growth monitoring.
B) oral rehydration therapy.
C) bottle feeding.
D) immunization.

Question 47

Oral rehydration therapy (ORT)is used in the treatment of

A) protein-calorie malnutrition.
B) diarrhea and/or dehydration.
C) goiter.
D) whooping cough.

Question 48

What four micronutrient deficiencies are of most concern when discussing world food insecurity? For one of these four micronutrients,discuss the implications and the progress made toward lessening these implications.

Question 49

Oral rehydration therapy is a solution that includes

A) fruit juice.
B) boiled water.
C) salt.
D) a and b
E) b and c

Question 50

Discuss the GOBI intervention.

Question 51

The FAO estimates that most of the increase in the world's population between 2000 and 2030 will occur in

A) South America.
B) Southeast Asia.
C) urban areas.
D) rural areas.

Question 52

Which nutrient is deficient in victims of the disease xerophthalmia?

A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin A
C) Vitamin E
D) Iodine

Question 53

Any solution to the problems of poverty and hunger is incomplete and hopeless if it fails to address the role of _____ in developing countries.

A) multinationals
B) religious leaders
C) political leaders
D) women

Question 54

_____ are the group most strongly affected by poverty,malnutrition,and food insecurity.

A) Children
B) Pregnant women
C) Men
D) The elderly

Question 55

Describe the current status of world food security.

Question 56

Which of the following is false regarding the HIV/AIDS pandemic?

A) More than 95% of the 33 million people with HIV/AIDS live in developing countries.
B) Most children with HIV/AIDS acquired the virus from contaminated water.
C) AIDS education in impoverished areas is hampered by lower literacy levels.
D) Poverty itself increases the risk of HIV infection.

Question 57

Breastfeeding should be promoted over formula feeding in developing countries because

A) there is a lack of safe drinking water.
B) breastfeeding enhances an infant's resistance to disease.
C) formula companies have no interest in sales outside the U.S.
D) a and b
E) b and c

Question 58

Describe two types of nutrition interventions that receive the most emphasis in international nutrition programs and provide an example of each.

Question 59

Describe the interrelatedness of birth rates,death rates,and standards of living.

Question 60

List the global public health issues related to global food insecurity that continue to challenge policy makers and program designers.

Question 61

What is regarded by UNICEF as the single best indicator of children's overall health and well-being?

Question 62

Knowing that every 6 seconds,one child dies from malnutrition and related causes,list three things that you can do to combat world hunger.

Question 63

What are the three indicators of child malnutrition?

Question 64

What is the relationship between biotechnology and genetic engineering?

Question 65

Use the following case scenario to answer short answer items. A young African family faces a difficult decision after their daughter falls, breaking a leg and suffering apparent internal injuries. If they take her to the nearest hospital two days away, they fear that before they can return, threatening rain will destroy their ripe grain crop, their primary food source and only source of income.
Based on the above considerations and possible solutions,explain and justify the decision you would make.

Question 66

Use the following case scenario to answer short answer items. A young African family faces a difficult decision after their daughter falls, breaking a leg and suffering apparent internal injuries. If they take her to the nearest hospital two days away, they fear that before they can return, threatening rain will destroy their ripe grain crop, their primary food source and only source of income.
Discuss factors that are likely to influence their decision and possible consequences of their decision.

Question 67

What are the Millennium Development Goals?

Question 68

Use the following case scenario to answer short answer items. A young African family faces a difficult decision after their daughter falls, breaking a leg and suffering apparent internal injuries. If they take her to the nearest hospital two days away, they fear that before they can return, threatening rain will destroy their ripe grain crop, their primary food source and only source of income.
Briefly discuss the conflicting issues they must consider.