Deck 17: Organ Donation: Tissues and Organs

Question 1

What is a function of loose connective tissue?

A) to hold organs in place
B) to store energy-rich reserves of fat
C) to move substances throughout the body
D) to contract when signaled by nerve cells

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which cellular component of blood helps in clotting?

A) red blood cells
B) white blood cells
C) plasma
D) platelets

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Besides structural support for the body, what function do bones serve?

A) They synthesize fat, a source of energy.
B) They provide sites for the storage of water.
C) They are compressible and flexible enough to act as shock absorbers.
D) They donate certain minerals when dietary levels are insufficient.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Why does cigarette smoke cause a smoker's skin to wrinkle over time?

A) The fibroblast cells that secrete proteins to the skin are degraded.
B) The collagen and elastin matrix that holds skin to muscle is broken down.
C) The ground substance in skin is converted to protein fibers.
D) The nervous tissue that makes skin tighten is destroyed.

Question 5

Which cells make up cartilage?

A) fibroblasts
B) osteocytes
C) chondrocytes
D) hepatocytes

Question 6

What are similar cells that are grouped together and perform a common function called?

A) tissues
B) organs
C) organ systems
D) accessory organs

Question 7

Which connective tissue has a liquid matrix?

A) cartilage
B) blood
C) adipose tissue
D) fibrous connective tissue

Question 8

Which tissue type lines the intestines and helps in the absorption of nutrients?

A) muscle
B) connective
C) epithelial
D) nervous

Question 9

What are the cells that make up loose connective tissue?

A) fibroblasts
B) osteocytes
C) chondrocytes
D) hepatocytes

Question 10

Which tissue type in the human body is exposed directly to the bloodstream?

A) muscle
B) connective
C) epithelial
D) nervous

Question 11

What type of tissues can be transplanted from one person to another to reconstruct damaged joints?

A) cartilage
B) epithelium
C) bone
D) blood

Question 12

Which tissue type includes fat and blood?

A) muscle
B) connective
C) epithelial
D) nervous

Question 13

What connective tissue is made from substances secreted by osteocytes?

Question 14

What tissue type protects the body from water loss?

Question 15

How do the protein fibers in the matrix ground substance compare between loose and fibrous connective tissues?

A) In loose connective tissues, the protein fibers are loosely woven, but in fibrous connective tissues, the fibers are densely packed.
B) In fibrous connective tissues, the protein fibers are loosely woven, but in loose connective tissues, the fibers are densely packed.
C) The protein fibers are dark red in fibrous connective tissue but are white in loose connective tissues.
D) The protein fibers are white in fibrous connective tissue but are dark red in loose connective tissues.

Question 16

Over time, how do skeletal muscle cells respond to regular weight-lifting exercise?

A) They get larger, making the overall muscle bigger.
B) They multiply, making the overall muscle bigger.
C) They are able to contract for longer periods of time.
D) They contain more actin and less myosin.

Question 17

What type of matrix does adipose (fat) tissue exhibit?

A) liquid
B) viscous
C) solid
D) fibrous

Question 18

Which tissue type in the human body is often exposed to air?

A) muscle
B) connective
C) epithelial
D) nervous

Question 19

How do striated and smooth muscles differ?

A) Striated muscle is involuntary, but smooth muscle is voluntary.
B) Striated muscle has a banding pattern under the microscope, but smooth muscle doesn't.
C) Striated muscle can contract for a long period, but smooth muscle contracts very briefly.
D) Striated muscle cells have nuclei, but smooth muscle cells do not.

Question 20

When stored fat is used for energy, what happens to adipose cells in the body?

A) They grow larger.
B) They become smaller.
C) They multiply.
D) They are converted into fibroblasts.

Question 21

Which type of cell protects the body from the potentially harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation?

A) nervous
B) muscle
C) epithelial
D) connective

Question 22

The liver filters which of the following from the blood?

A) toxins
B) chyme
C) hepatocytes
D) glycogen

Question 23

Which disease affects the liver and could be transferred by an organ transplant?

A) hepatitis C
B) diabetes
C) gonorrhea
D) tuberculosis

Question 24

What is the correct sequence of bodily organization, from simple to complex?

A) cells-tissues-organs-organ systems-organism
B) organs-organ systems-tissues-cells-organism
C) tissues-cells-organs-organ systems-organism
D) cells-tissues-organ systems-organs-organism

Question 25

What cells secrete the proteins that make up the matrix of loose connective tissue?

A) hepatocytes
B) fibroblasts
C) chondrocytes
D) osteocytes

Question 26

In what type of tissue would platelets be found?

A) epithelial tissue
B) muscle tissue
C) nervous tissue
D) connective tissue

Question 27

What activity of the liver makes it act as an accessory organ?

A) production of bile
B) synthesis of blood-clotting factors
C) destruction of old blood cells
D) detoxification

Question 28

How long are most donated tissues able to be stored?

A) a week
B) a month
C) a year
D) 5 years

Question 29

How often does the replacement of the epidermis occur?

A) only once in a person's lifetime
B) every 4-6 years
C) every 4-6 weeks
D) every 4-6 days

Question 30

Which action is an example of voluntary muscle contraction?

A) a push-up
B) peristalsis
C) a heartbeat
D) stomach churning

Question 31

If a car is similar to an organism, then what is similar to an organ system?

A) a valve in the engine
B) the steering wheel
C) the electrical system
D) gasoline

Question 32

Which type of body tissue acts as padding under the skin?

A) nervous
B) muscle
C) epithelial
D) connective

Question 33

Which components comprise the tissue of "red meat"?

A) osteocytes
B) fibroblasts
C) collagen and elastin
D) actin and myosin

Question 34

Fibroblasts are to fibrous connective tissue as ________ are to cartilage.

A) osteoblasts
B) chondrocytes
C) osteocytes
D) hepatocytes

Question 35

What are the cells that make up the liver?

A) fibroblasts
B) osteocytes
C) chondrocytes
D) hepatocytes

Question 36

What is responsible for voluntary movement?

A) conscious thought and cardiac muscle
B) conscious thought and striated muscle
C) conscious thought and smooth muscle
D) unconscious thought and smooth muscle

Question 37

Unlike most organs, which donated organ can be cut into smaller sections and transplanted eventually growing back to full size in both the donor and recipient?

A) gallbladder
B) stomach
C) pancreas
D) liver

Question 38

Which connective tissue type has collagen fibers arranged parallel with one another in a very organized, layered fashion?

A) bone
B) blood
C) adipose tissue
D) fibrous connective tissue

Question 39

What material provides the internal, flexible support of the ear?

A) epithelial tissue
B) muscle tissue
C) nervous tissue
D) connective tissue

Question 40

Which statement describes organs?

A) Each organ has a single function within the body.
B) An organ always contains at least three different tissue types.
C) Failure of an individual organ can affect an entire organ system.
D) Most organs function to provide the body with energy.

Question 41

Which organism is an endotherm?

A) a mouse
B) an insect
C) a salmon
D) a frog

Question 42

What does homeostasis allow an organism to do?

A) Organisms can obtain energy from food.
B) Organisms can interact with their specific environment.
C) Organisms can maintain a constant internal environment.
D) Organisms can survive without water for long periods of time.

Question 43

Which organ isn't able to be transplanted from a donor to a recipient?

A) a kidney
B) a heart
C) a liver
D) a brain

Question 44

After a large meal is digested, how does the liver reduce blood glucose levels?

A) by converting glucose to glycogen
B) by breaking down glucose into waste products
C) by stimulating the pancreas to store excess glucose
D) by releasing hormones that inhibit the pancreas

Question 45

In nature, how does an ectothermic animal maintain a constant body temperature on a cold day?

A) by basking in a sunny location
B) by increasing its rate of metabolism without basking
C) by eating more food, which creates heat as it's burned for energy
D) by shivering

Question 46

In order to increase blood glucose levels, what hormone is secreted by the pancreas to stimulate the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose?

A) insulin
B) gastrin
C) glucagon
D) cholecystokinin

Question 47

What example of homeostasis includes the maintenance of constant internal body temperature?

Question 48

What organ is stimulated by insulin, released by the pancreas, to convert glucose into glycogen?

A) stomach
B) gallbladder
C) liver
D) brain

Question 49

What process is responsible for the maintenance of blood glucose levels by the liver?

A) diabetes
B) thermoregulation
C) positive feedback
D) negative feedback

Question 50

During thermoregulation, how does an endotherm respond to a high body temperature?

A) Blood vessels near the skin dilate.
B) Blood vessels near the skin constrict.
C) The brain shuts down to prevent damage.
D) Blood glucose levels increase to stimulate metabolism.

Question 51

What cells transmit signals to and from the brain?

A) hepatocytes
B) osteocytes
C) neurons
D) muscle fibers

Question 52

How do ectotherms primarily regulate their body temperature?

A) by adjusting their rate of metabolism
B) by absorbing or releasing heat
C) by eating more or less, depending on their need for body heat
D) by panting when it gets too hot and shivering when it gets too cold

Question 53

Why are there more tissues available for transplant than organs?

A) Tissues can be transplanted regardless of blood type, but the blood types must match between organ donors and recipients.
B) Nonhuman animals are the source of most tissue transplants, but organs for transplant must come from humans.
C) Tissues can be removed from living donors, whereas organs can only be removed from dead bodies.
D) Tissues can be frozen and preserved, but organs deteriorate quickly without nourishment from oxygen and blood.

Question 54

Why are people who have suffered a fatal cardiac arrest more likely to be tissue donors?

A) They are not willing to donate their full organs.
B) Their families will incur less medical costs for tissue donation.
C) Their organs are not needed for future transplants.
D) Their organs may deteriorate due to the lack of oxygen.