Deck 18: Binge Drinking: the Digestive and Urinary Systems

Question 1

What part of the digestive system has the most surface area for the absorption of nutrients?

A) esophagus
B) stomach
C) small intestine
D) large intestine

Answer 1

C

Question 2

How does a digested nutrient enter the bloodstream?

A) through a series of large pores in the duodenum
B) through tiny blood vessels inside the microvilli
C) through the liver
D) through small openings in the epithelium of the stomach

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What function does the gall bladder serve?

A) nutrient absorption
B) bile storage and concentration
C) sugar digestion
D) fat storage

Answer 3

B

Question 4

What is the process by which nephrons in the kidney remove toxins and other wastes via active transport?

A) filtration
B) secretion
C) reabsorption
D) urination

Question 5

What description applies to accessory organs?

A) They aren't included in organ systems.
B) They secrete enzymes required for digestion.
C) They don't contain connective tissue.
D) They assist other organs in the circulatory system.

Question 6

Which organ system acts upon substances contained in the alimentary canal?

A) circulatory system
B) digestive system
C) integumentary system
D) excretory system

Question 7

Why do gallstones form in the gallbladder?

A) The gallbladder doesn't function at all.
B) The gallbladder removes too much water from bile.
C) The gallbladder converts bile into crystallized calcium propionate.
D) The gallbladder fills with dead hepatocytes.

Question 8

What would a person born without an epiglottis not be able to do?

A) digest fats
B) digest proteins
C) absorb the products of digestion
D) swallow food without a high risk of choking

Question 9

By which process is the majority of water that's filtered reabsorbed in the nephrons during urine formation?

A) active transport
B) exocytosis
C) osmosis
D) pinocytosis

Question 10

What is the contraction of smooth muscles that moves a bolus of food down the esophagus called?

A) emulsification
B) elimination
C) peristalsis
D) detoxification

Question 11

Just before entering the small intestine, what is the pH of chyme?

A) very basic (very high pH)
B) slightly basic (high pH)
C) neutral (pH near 7)
D) acidic (low pH)

Question 12

What is emulsification?

A) the digestion of food inside vacuoles
B) the breaking up of fat molecules
C) the secretion of digestive enzymes in the stomach
D) the involuntary movement of a bolus through the alimentary canal

Question 13

What does the liver filter from the blood?

A) toxins
B) chyme
C) hepatocytes
D) glycogen

Question 14

A person can live a normal life without which digestive system organ?

A) liver
B) gall bladder
C) pancreas
D) small intestine

Question 15

Which chemical is a hormone that is involved in digestion?

A) bile
B) hydrochloric acid
C) gastrin
D) amylase

Question 16

Which enzyme in saliva breaks down sugars? (two words)

Question 17

True or false: Filtration is the process by which plasma is forced through tiny holes in the capillary walls by blood pressure and into the upstream end of the nephron.

Question 18

What activity of the liver makes it act as an accessory organ?

A) production of bile
B) synthesis of blood-clotting factors
C) destruction of old blood cells
D) detoxification

Question 19

Valuable substances in filtrate are returned to the blood through what process?

A) filtration
B) reabsorption
C) secretion
D) excretion

Question 20

Which organ secretes a buffer that neutralizes the acidity of stomach acid?

A) gall bladder
B) liver
C) pancreas
D) pharynx

Question 21

How does drinking larger doses of alcohol have negative physiological effects on the body?

A) The heart muscle relaxes to decrease the heart rate.
B) The blood pressure increases to remove toxins.
C) Sweating is decreased to reduce dehydration.
D) The kidneys will reduce urine production.

Question 22

What risk may result from mixing alcohol with energy drinks?

A) Large amounts of alcohol are digested in the stomach.
B) Less urine will be formed when drinking alcohol.
C) More alcohol will be released through exhalation.
D) Energy drinks may mask the true intoxicating effects of alcohol.

Question 23

What strategy will encourage a safer engagement with alcohol?

A) adding energy drinks to any alcoholic beverage
B) alternating drinking glasses of water with alcoholic drinks
C) drinking only two to three alcoholic beverages per hour
D) eating a large meal after consuming alcohol

Question 24

True or False: Drinking any amount of alcohol always has negative effects on the body.

Question 25

What process releases urine from the bladder?

A) filtration
B) excretion
C) micturition
D) nephronation

Question 26

What are the functional units of the kidneys?

Question 27

What is the duct within the kidney that collects urine?

A) ureter
B) renal vein
C) bladder
D) renal pelvis

Question 28

How many alcoholic drinks can generally be metabolized in one hour?

A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four