Deck 5: Managing Ethics and Social Responsibility

Question 1

The ethical concept that argues that moral behaviors produce the greatest good for the greatest number of people is objective dualism.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Most ethical dilemmas in business involve a conflict between stakeholders and shareholders.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The right of free consent, the right to privacy, and the right of freedom of conscience are rights that should be considered in the moral rights approach.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The moral agent is an individual who must make an ethical choice in an organization.

Question 5

Level 3 of the Personal Moral Development model is Conventional.

Question 6

Compensatory justice argues that an employees compensation should be based on individual performance.

Question 7

The basis for the recent trend among companies to police employee personal habits such as alcohol and tobacco consumption on the job is called the utilitarian ethic.

Question 8

If something is ethical, it must not be illegal.

Question 9

Ethics, found between the domains of law and free choice, is the code of moral principles that governs any individual or groups.

Question 10

The ethical concept that acts are moral when they promote the individual's best long term interests, which ultimately leads to the greater good, is known as the moral rights approach.

Question 11

Although public confidence in business managers is at an all-time low, politics, sports, and non-profit organizations have not been affected.

Question 12

An ethical dilemma arises in a situation when each alternative choice or behavior is undesirable because of potentially harmful ethical consequences.

Question 13

Individualism is popular in the highly organized society of today because it supports immediate self-gain.

Question 14

Procedural justice requires that rules be stated clearly, consistently and impartially enforced, and administered fairly.

Question 15

The virtue ethics approach to ethical decision making sidesteps debates about what is right, good, or just and bases decisions on prevailing standards of the profession and the larger society, taking the interests of all stakeholders into account.

Question 16

Monitoring the Internet to maintain the company's ethical climate and workplace productivity could be considered part of an individualistic approach.

Question 17

Managers carry a tremendous responsibility for setting the ethical climate in an organization and can act as role models for others.

Question 18

Free choice lies between the domains of codified law and ethics.

Question 19

The virtue ethics approach to ethical decision making says that moral behavior stems from personal virtues.

Question 20

Utilitarian, individualism, moral-rights, and objective dualism are the four approaches that guide ethical decision-making.

Question 21

A formal statement of the organization's values regarding moral principles and governing its response to social values is called a code of ethics.

Question 22

The Preconventional level of Personal Moral Development lives up to expectations of others, upholds laws, and fulfills duties and obligations of the social system.

Question 23

Ethical responsibility includes behaviors that are not necessarily codified into law and may not serve the corporation's direct economic interests.

Question 24

Special interest groups include trade associations, political action committees and consumerists.

Question 25

Social responsibility is management's obligation to make choices and take actions that will contribute to the welfare and interests of society as well as the organization.

Question 26

Important stakeholders in corporations include the government and the community.

Question 27

Approximately 20% of American adults, according to your text, never reach the postconventional level of moral development.

Question 28

Individuals, at the preconventional level, are concerned with external rewards and punishments and obey authority to avoid detrimental personal consequences.

Question 29

Individuals are concerned with external rewards and punishments at the principled level.

Question 30

Economic development that generates wealth and meets the needs of the current population while preserving the environment for the needs of future generations refers to sustainability.

Question 31

Unfortunately, discretionary responsibility is involuntary and is mandated by economics, law, or ethics.

Question 32

Principled level of moral development is also referred to as the postconventional level.

Question 33

A stakeholder is any group within or outside the organization that has a stake in the organization's performance.

Question 34

The majority of managers operate at the preconventional level of personal moral development.

Question 35

Economic responsibility defines what society deems as important with respect to appropriate corporate behavior.

Question 36

Economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary responsibilities are the four areas of social responsibility which can be used to evaluate corporate social performance.

Question 37

Social responsibility covers a narrow range of issues, many of which are unambiguous with respect to right or wrong.

Question 38

An individual at the postconventional level lives up to expectations of others, fulfills duties and obligations of social systems, and upholds law.

Question 39

Ethical behavior occurs when decisions enable an individual or company to gain at the expense of society.

Question 40

All stakeholders of an organization are its stockholders but not all stockholders are its stakeholders.

Question 41

A situation that arises when all alternative choices or behaviors have been deemed undesirable because of the potentially negative ethical consequences, making it difficult to distinguish right from wrong, is considered:

A) a moral agent.
B) a social responsibility.
C) an ethical dilemma.
D) an ethical standard.
E) discretionary responsibility.

Question 42

A new drug has not been approved by the FDA to sell in the U.S. because further testing is needed. The company has a chance to sell its product in another country immediately to start recovering the costs of R & D and production three years ahead of time. This example places the decision in which of the categories from the text?

A) The ethical domain
B) The domain of free choice
C) The legal domain
D) The obstructive category
E) The protective domain

Question 43

An organization's decision to produce a new product is in the:

A) domain of codified law.
B) domain of free choice.
C) domain of ethics.
D) domain of compensatory justice.
E) domain of social responsibility.

Question 44

One of the newest positions in organizations is the chief operating officer, a response to widespread financial wrongdoing in recent years.

Question 45

A chief ethics officer is a company executive who oversees all aspects of ethics and legal compliance.

Question 46

Which of the following refers to the code of moral principles and values that govern behaviors with respect to what is right and wrong?

A) Social responsibility
B) Free domain
C) Ethics
D) Codified law
E) Discretionary responsibility

Question 47

Policy-based statements generally outline the procedure to be used in specific ethical situations.

Question 48

Anne Chinoda, top executive at Florida Blood Centers, is under pressure to resign because she took a $71,000 pay increase just months before she laid off 42 employees. Chinoda's decision lies in the:

A) domain of codified law.
B) domain of free choice.
C) domain of ethics.
D) domain of social responsibility.
E) none of these.

Question 49

Managers are often concerned good citizenship will hurt performance.

Question 50

Caleb is a manager at Computer-Care Company. He is expected to consider the effort of each decision alternative on all parties and select the one that optimizes the satisfaction for the greatest number of people. This is an example of the:

A) utilitarian approach.
B) individualism approach.
C) moral-justice approach.
D) justice approach.
E) soft-line managerial approach.

Question 51

Robbie's Robots decided to continue operations at one plant while shutting down another. The decision was justified on the basis of what was best for the total corporation. This is an example of the:

A) utilitarian approach.
B) individualism approach.
C) moral-justice approach.
D) justice approach.
E) illegal approach.

Question 52

The assumption that "If it's not illegal, it must be ethical," ignores which of the following?

A) Domain of codified law
B) Domain of ethics
C) Domain of free choice
D) Discretionary responsibility
E) Domain of symbolism

Question 53

Sharon is a manager at Softest Tissue Corporation. She is faced with an interesting problem. One of her employees has been cheating the company out of expense money. Sharon must decide whether or not to fire this employee. In this role, Sharon is acting as:

A) a moral agent.
B) an ethical theorist.
C) a symbolic leader.
D) an authoritarian leader.
E) an obstructive manager.

Question 54

Ethics training programs are not an important supplement as long as a well-written code of ethics exists.

Question 55

Managers who are essentially ethical individuals make up the first pillar of an ethical organization.

Question 56

Which of the following is a(n) is the individual who must make an ethical choice in an organization?

A) The symbolic leader
B) An obstructive manager
C) The defensive individual
D) The moral agent
E) An authoritarian manager

Question 57

Principle-based statements define fundamental values and contain general language about company responsibilities, quality of products, and treatment of employees.

Question 58

A recent poll found that _____ percent of people surveyed say corporate America's moral compass is pointing in the wrong direction.

A) 10
B) 29
C) 52
D) 76
E) 98

Question 59

The decision by ABC International to downsize and reduce its labor force is in the:

A) domain of codified law.
B) domain of free choice.
C) domain of ethics.
D) social responsibility.
E) none of these.

Question 60

The disclosure by an employee of illegal, immoral, or illegitimate practices by the organization is called whistle-blowing.

Question 61

Disk Replacement Services has just completed a procedure manual to handle employee grievances. One of the main criteria is to make it clear to employees that rules will be administered fairly and consistently. Disk Replacement operates on:

A) the procedural justice approach.
B) the utilitarian approach.
C) the individual approach.
D) the defensive approach.
E) the free-choice approach.

Question 62

The decision by Paula Reid, the manager who statted the U.S. Secret Service prostitution scandal in Catagena, was based largely on the _____ approach

A) justice
B) moral-rights
C) obstructive
D) individualism
E) practical

Question 63

In what stage of personal moral development is a person mostly concerned with external rewards and personal consequences of an action?

A) Preconventional
B) Conventional
C) Principled
D) Discretionary
E) None of these

Question 64

Which of the following is not a concern to managers under the justice approach?

A) Compensatory justice
B) Distributive justice
C) Procedural justice
D) Obstructive justice
E) All of these

Question 65

When everyone is pursuing self-direction, the greater good is ultimately served because people learn to accommodate each other in their own long-term interest is an example of the_____.

A) utilitarian approach
B) individualism approach
C) moral-justice approach
D) justice approach
E) social responsibility

Question 66

The concept that the party responsible should compensate individuals for the cost of their injuries is referred to as:

A) distributive justice.
B) injury justice.
C) procedural justice.
D) organizational justice.
E) compensatory justice.

Question 67

____ is NOT included in the model of personal moral development described in your text.

A) Preconventional level
B) Conventional level
C) Principled level
D) Postconventional level
E) All of these are included in the model

Question 68

Which of the following is NOT a normative ethics approach?

A) Utilitarian approach
B) Individualism approach
C) Social responsibility approach
D) Moral-rights approach
E) All of these are normative approaches as described in the text.

Question 69

The moral rights approach that deals with performing experimental treatment on unconscience trauma patient is the:

A) right of free consent.
B) right to privacy.
C) right of freedom of conscience.
D) right of free speech.
E) right of due process.

Question 70

Human beings have fundamental rights and liberties that cannot be taken away by another individual's decision. This ethical decision making approach is known as the:

A) utilitarian approach.
B) individualism approach.
C) moral-rights approach.
D) dualism approach.
E) none of these.

Question 71

_____ to ethical decision-making is consistent with due process, free consent, privacy, freedom of conscience and free speech.

A) Moral-rights approach
B) Individualism approach
C) Utilitarian approach
D) Justice approach
E) Dual-economic approach

Question 72

The thinking underlying the domain of ____ is the closest to the justice approach.

A) social responsibility
B) free choice
C) law
D) discretionary responsibility
E) ethics

Question 73

_____ refers to the concept that different treatment of people should not be based on arbitrary characteristics.

A) Procedural justice
B) Compensatory justice
C) Distributive justice
D) Organizational justice
E) Moral-justice

Question 74

The ethical decision approach that requires persons to be guided by standards of equity, fairness and impartiality is the:

A) moral-rights approach.
B) individualism approach.
C) utilitarian approach.
D) justice approach.
E) discretionary responsibility.

Question 75

Sexual harassment is unethical because it violates an important part of which approach to ethical behavior?

A) The utilitarian approach
B) The individualism approach
C) The justice approach
D) The moral-rights approach
E) The defensive approach

Question 76

The golden rule "do unto others as they would do unto you" is:

A) an example of the utilitarian approach to ethical behavior.
B) representative of the moral-justice approach to moral decision making.
C) an example of the values that guide the individualism approach to ethical behavior.
D) silly and outdated.
E) an example of the justice approach to ethical behavior.

Question 77

The _____ refers to the ethical concept that moral decisions are those that best maintain the rights of those people affected by them.

A) individualism approach
B) justice approach
C) utilitarian approach
D) moral-rights approach
E) discretionary responsibility approach

Question 78

Which of the following is NOT one of the moral rights that could be considered during decision-making?

A) The right to free consent.
B) The right to invade privacy.
C) The right to free speech.
D) The right of freedom of conscience.
E) The right to life and safety.

Question 79

Most of the laws guiding human resource management are based on the:

A) utilitarian approach.
B) moral-rights approach.
C) individualism approach.
D) justice approach.
E) collectivism approach.

Question 80

Which ethical approach are companies citing to justify their policing of employee's personal habits on and off the job, such as alcohol and tobacco consumption?

A) Justice approach
B) Utilitarian approach
C) Individualism approach
D) Moral-justice approach
E) Discretionary responsibility