Deck 34: Franklin D.Roosevelt and the Shadow of War,1933-1941

Question 1

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Cordell Hull

Answer 1

Student answers will vary.

Question 2

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
isolationism

Answer 2

Student answers will vary.

Question 3

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Josef Goebbels

Answer 3

Student answers will vary.

Question 4

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Good Neighbor policy

Question 5

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"merchants of death"

Question 6

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
totalitarianism

Question 7

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Nazi party

Question 8

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
fascism

Question 9

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Winston Churchill

Question 10

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Adolf Hitler

Question 11

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Joseph Stalin

Question 12

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Benito Mussolini

Question 13

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Charles Lindbergh

Question 14

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
London Economic Conference

Question 15

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Reciprocal Trade Agreement Act

Question 16

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Wendell Willkie

Question 17

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
invasion of Ethiopia

Question 18

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Francisco Franco

Question 19

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Rome-Berlin axis

Question 20

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
appeasement

Question 21

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Atlantic Charter

Question 22

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Neutrality Acts

Question 23

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Kristallnacht

Question 24

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
lend-lease

Question 25

COMPLETION
Locate the following places by reference number on the map:

____ The nation that,when invaded in 1939,touched off the formal onset of World War II.

Question 26

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Nazi-Soviet Pact

Question 27

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Pearl Harbor

Question 28

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies

Question 29

COMPLETION
Locate the following places by reference number on the map:

____ The nation that was sacrificed at the Munich Conference by the Allied nations to achieve "peace in our time."

Question 30

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
the Holocaust

Question 31

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Spanish Civil War

Question 32

COMPLETION
Locate the following places by reference number on the map:

____ The nation invaded by Hitler in 1941 despite a formal nonaggression pact signed two years earlier.

Question 33

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"Quarantine Speech"

Question 34

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"phony war"

Question 35

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
America First Committee

Question 36

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
destroyers-for-bases deal

Question 37

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Munich conference

Question 38

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"cash-and-carry"

Question 39

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"China incident"

Question 40

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Battle of Britain

Question 41

COMPLETION
Locate the following places by reference number on the map:

____ The only European nation to pay off its World War I debts to the United States,invaded by the Soviet Union in 1939-1940.

Question 42

From 1925 to 1940,the transition of American policy on arms sales to warring nations followed this sequence

A) embargo to lend-lease to cash-and-carry.
B) cash-and-carry to lend-lease to embargo.
C) lend-lease to cash-and-carry to embargo.
D) embargo to cash-and-carry to lend-lease.
E) lend-lease to embargo to cash-and-carry.

Question 43

The 1934 Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act

A) raised America's tariff schedule.
B) inhibited President Roosevelt's efforts to implement his Good Neighbor policy.
C) increased America's foreign trade.
D) was most strongly opposed in the South and West.
E) was aimed at isolating Italy and Germany.

Question 44

Americans reacted to Franco's efforts to stage a coup in Spain by

A) supporting Franco and his rebels.
B) recruiting thousands of men and women as volunteers to fight Franco in the Abraham Lincoln Brigade.
C) pushing the US government to send arms and aid.
D) urging that the US end its neutrality.
E) None of these

Question 45

One internationalist action by Franklin D.Roosevelt in his first term in office was

A) the formal recognition of the Soviet Union.
B) joining the League of Nations.
C) establishing military bases in China.
D) his support of the Tydings-McDuffie Act.
E) his commitment to Philippine independence.

Question 46

As a result of Franklin Roosevelt's withdrawal from the London Economic Conference

A) inflation in the United States was reduced.
B) the United States was voted out of the League of Nations.
C) tensions rose between the United States and Britain.
D) the United States began to pull out of the Depression.
E) the trend toward extreme nationalism was strengthened.

Question 47

By the mid-1930s,there was strong nationwide agitation for a constitutional amendment to

A) increase the size of the Supreme Court.
B) limit a president to two terms.
C) ban arm sales to foreign nations.
D) require the president to gain Congressional approval before sending U.S. troops overseas.
E) forbid a declaration of war by Congress unless first approved by a popular referendum.

Question 48

Roosevelt's recognition of the Soviet Union was undertaken partly

A) in order to win support from American Catholics.
B) because the Soviet leadership seemed to be modifying its harsher communist policies.
C) in hope of developing a diplomatic counterweight to the rising power of Japan and Germany.
D) to win favor with American liberals and leftists.
E) to open opportunities for American investment in Siberian oil fields.

Question 49

President Franklin Roosevelt's foreign-trade policy

A) lowered tariffs to increase trade.
B) encouraged trade only with Latin America.
C) continued the policy that had persisted since the Civil War.
D) was reversed only after World War II.
E) sought protection for key U.S. industries.

Question 50

The net effect of most of Franklin Roosevelt's early foreign policy moves was that

A) the United States was developing a strong defense perimeter across the northern Atlantic Ocean.
B) the United States was willing to accommodate Stalin's Soviet Union but not Hitler's Germany.
C) the United States was tilting toward engagement with undeveloped nations rather than with the Western world.
D) the United States was giving up ambitions to be a world power and concentrating on the Western hemisphere.
E) Americans would be economically but not diplomatically engaged with the rest of the world.

Question 51

Franklin Roosevelt undermined the London Economic Conference because

A) its members insisted on rigid adherence to the gold standard.
B) any agreement to stabilize national currencies might hurt America's recovery from depression.
C) such an agreement would involve the United States militarily with the League of Nations.
D) the delegates refused to work on reviving international trade.
E) it was dominated by British and Swiss bankers.

Question 52

Throughout most of the 1930s,the American people responded to the aggressive actions of Germany,Italy,and Japan by

A) assisting their victims with military aid.
B) giving only economic help to the targets of aggression.
C) beginning to build up their military forces.
D) demanding an oil embargo on all warring nations.
E) retreating further into isolationism.

Question 53

Fascist aggression in the 1930s included Mussolini's invasion of ____,Hitler's invasion of ____,and Franco's overthrow of the republican government of ____.

A) Egypt; France; Poland
B) Albania; Italy; Austria
C) Ethiopia; Czechoslovakia; Spain
D) Belgium; the Soviet Union; France
E) Ethiopia; Norway; Portugal

Question 54

In promising to grant the Philippines independence,the United States was motivated by

A) treaty obligations.
B) doubts about the islands' potential profitability.
C) the view that the islands were militarily indefensible.
D) the realization that the islands were economic liabilities.
E) regrets over their imperialistic takeover in 1898.

Question 55

Franklin Roosevelt embarked on the Good Neighbor policy in part because

A) there was a rising tide of anti-Americanism in Latin America.
B) Congress had repealed the Monroe Doctrine.
C) he feared the spread of communism in the region.
D) the policy was part of the neutrality stance taken by the United States.
E) he was eager to enlist Latin American allies to defend the Western Hemisphere against dictators.

Question 56

Americans' fervent isolationism in the 1930s can best be attributed to

A) their regrets about participating in WWI.
B) bitter memories of the ungrateful nations that defaulted on their WWI debts.
C) the totalizing impact of the Great Depression and the need to focus on getting out of it.
D) None of these
E) All of these

Question 57

America's neutrality policy during the Spanish Civil War of 1936-1939 did nothing to prevent

A) Hitler from conquering Spain.
B) the Loyalists from winning the war.
C) Roosevelt and Francisco Franco from becoming personal friends.
D) the Soviets from successfully defending the Spanish Republic.
E) Spain from becoming a fascist dictatorship after Franco's victory.

Question 58

Passage of the Neutrality Acts of 1935,1936,and 1937 by the United States resulted in all of the following except

A) abandonment of the traditional policy of freedom of the seas.
B) a decline in the navy and other armed forces.
C) making no distinction between aggressors and victims.
D) spurring aggressors along their path of conquest.
E) balancing the scales between dictators and U.S. allies by trading with neither.

Question 59

As part of his Good Neighbor policy toward Latin America,President Roosevelt developed more generous policies of

A) encouraging Mexican immigration into the United States
B) removing American controls on Haiti, Cuba, and Panama.
C) supporting Latin American strongmen in Argentina and Brazil.
D) returning the Guantanamo naval base to Cuban control.
E) moving Puerto Rico toward its independence.

Question 60

COMPLETION
Locate the following places by reference number on the map:

____ The nation through which German armies twice invaded France in the twentieth century.

Question 61

After the Greer was fired upon,the Kearny crippled,and the Reuben James sunk

A) Congress passed the Lend-Lease Act.
B) the United States Navy began escorting merchant vessels carrying lend-lease shipments.
C) Congress allowed the arming of United States merchant vessels.
D) Congress forbade United States ships to enter combat zones.
E) Roosevelt told the public that war was imminent.

Question 62

When Germany invaded the Soviet Union in 1941,the United States

A) promised aid to the Soviets but did not deliver.
B) refused to provide any help, either military or economic.
C) gave only nonmilitary aid to Russia.
D) made lend-lease aid available to the Soviets.
E) sent U.S. ships to Soviet naval bases.

Question 63

America's attempt to remain neutral in the war between the Axis powers and the Allies came to an end when

A) Japan attacked Pearl Harbor.
B) Germany attacked Poland.
C) the conscription law was passed in 1940.
D) France fell to Germany.
E) Italy "stabbed France in the back."

Question 64

Congress's first response to the unexpected fall of France in 1940 was to

A) revoke all the neutrality laws.
B) expand naval patrols in the Atlantic.
C) enact a new neutrality law enabling the Allies to buy American war materials on a cash-and-carry basis.
D) call for the quarantining of aggressor nations.
E) pass a conscription law.

Question 65

Shortly after Adolf Hitler signed a nonaggression pact with the Soviet Union

A) Britain and France signed a similar agreement.
B) the Soviets attacked China.
C) Germany invaded Poland and started World War II.
D) Italy signed a similar agreement with the Soviets.
E) the Germans invaded Finland.

Question 66

Franklin Roosevelt was motivated to run for a third term in 1940 mainly by his

A) personal desire to defeat his old political rival, Wendell Willkie.
B) belief that America needed his experienced leadership during the international crisis.
C) mania for power.
D) opposition to Willkie's pledge to restore a strict policy of American neutrality.
E) belief that the two-term tradition limited democratic choice.

Question 67

The surprise Republican presidential nominee in 1940 was

A) Wendell L. Willkie.
B) Robert A. Taft.
C) Thomas E. Dewey.
D) Alfred E. Landon.
E) Charles A. Lindbergh.

Question 68

One of the few successful wartime American efforts to save Jews from perishing in the Holocaust came when

A) Americans helped some German and Austrian Jews seek refuge in neutral Sweden and Switzerland.
B) American Zionist organizations helped Romanian Jews escape to Israel.
C) the U.S. Air Force bombed the rail lines leading to Auschwitz.
D) American agents enabled French Jews to escape across the Pyrenees into Spain.
E) Franklin Roosevelt's War Refugee Board helped some Hungarian Jews escape.

Question 69

Which of the following nations was not conquered by Hitler's Germany between September 1939 and June 1940?

A) Norway
B) The Netherlands
C) France
D) Poland
E) Finland

Question 70

In September 1938 in Munich,Germany,

A) Britain and France consented to Germany's taking the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia.
B) Hitler declared his intention to take Austria.
C) Hitler signed the Axis Alliance Treaty with Japan.
D) Britain and France acquiesced to the German reoccupation of the Rhineland.
E) Britain and France declared that an invasion of Poland would mean war.

Question 71

By 1940,a strong majority of American public opinion had come to favor

A) the America First position.
B) active participation in the war.
C) permitting U.S. volunteers to fight in Britain.
D) shipping Britain everything except military weapons.
E) providing Britain with "all aid short of war."

Question 72

The event that shook Americans to the core and moved them to make an enormous effort against Hitler's aggression in Europe was

A) the fall of France.
B) Hitler's moves on England.
C) Germany's nonaggression pact with the Soviet Union.
D) the invasion of Poland.
E) the fear of a union between Japan and Germany.

Question 73

Efforts to bring large numbers of Jewish refugees from Nazi Germany to the United States were largely blocked by

A) restrictive immigration laws and opposition from southern Democrats and the State Department.
B) internal tensions between German-Jewish and eastern European Jewish communities in the United States.
C) pro-Nazi and anti-Semitic organizations within the United States.
D) the inability to find sufficient passenger ships to bring refugees across the Atlantic to the United States.
E) Zionist organizations that wanted to steer Jewish immigration to Israel, not the United States.

Question 74

During the 1930s,the United States admitted ____ Jewish refugees from Nazism.

A) about one million
B) almost no
C) nearly six million
D) about 150,000
E) only a handful of highly educated

Question 75

The era of informal polling techniques came to an end and was replaced by more scientifically based systems

A) in the 1940 presidential election.
B) after a magazine in 1936 mistakenly predicted Alf Landon the winner over FDR.
C) when television began to play an increasingly important role in forecasting elections.
D) when advertisers decided that polling was useless for the purposes of marketing.
E) None of these

Question 76

The 1941 lend-lease program was all of the following except

A) a focus of intense debate between internationalists and isolationists.
B) a direct challenge to the Axis dictators.
C) the point when all pretense of American neutrality was abandoned.
D) the catalyst that caused American factories to prepare for all-out war production.
E) another privately arranged executive deal, like the destroyers-for-bases trade.

Question 77

Franklin Roosevelt's sensational Quarantine Speech in 1937 resulted in

A) a belief in Europe that America would stop fascist aggression.
B) a wave of protest by isolationists.
C) support from both Democratic and Republican leaders.
D) a slowing of Japanese aggression in China.
E) a modification of the Neutrality Acts.

Question 78

Those opposed to the Lend-Lease program,such as members of Massachusetts' Woman's Political Club,feared that

A) the lending countries would default on their debt.
B) it was in violation of America's strict neutrality.
C) it would eventually draw the nation into the war itself.
D) All of these
E) None of these

Question 79

In 1940,Republican presidential candidate Wendell Willkie avoided deepening the sharp divisions among the American people when he

A) avoided attacking the New Deal.
B) refused to raise the racial issue.
C) declined to criticize Roosevelt for seeking a third term.
D) avoided attacking the draft.
E) avoided attacking Roosevelt for his increasingly interventionist policies.

Question 80

In 1940,in exchange for American destroyers,the British gave the United States

A) "most favored nation" status.
B) a role in developing the atomic bomb.
C) eight valuable naval bases in the Western hemisphere.
D) access to German military codes.
E) six air bases in Scotland and Iceland.