Deck 30: The War to End War,1917-1918

Question 1

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
doughboys

Answer 1

Student answers will vary.

Question 2

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Alice Paul

Answer 2

Student answers will vary.

Question 3

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Woodrow Wilson

Answer 3

Student answers will vary.

Question 4

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Bernard Baruch

Question 5

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Herbert Hoover

Question 6

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
conscription

Question 7

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
collective security

Question 8

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"peace without victory"

Question 9

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
David Lloyd George

Question 10

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
William D.Haywood

Question 11

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
self-determination

Question 12

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Georges Clemenceau

Question 13

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
John J.Pershing

Question 14

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Henry Cabot Lodge

Question 15

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Calvin Coolidge

Question 16

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Franklin D.Roosevelt

Question 17

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
James M.Cox

Question 18

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
George Creel

Question 19

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Eugene V.Debs

Question 20

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Warren G.Harding

Question 21

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Committee on Public Information

Question 22

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Zimmermann note

Question 23

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Schenck v.United States

Question 24

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"politics is adjourned"

Question 25

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Nineteenth Amendment

Question 26

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Second Battle of the Marne

Question 27

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Industrial Workers of the World

Question 28

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Fourteen Points

Question 29

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Big Four

Question 30

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Women's Bureau

Question 31

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Bolsheviks

Question 32

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"solemn referendum"

Question 33

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Eighteenth Amendment

Question 34

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
National Woman's party

Question 35

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Chateau-Thierry

Question 36

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Liberty Loans

Question 37

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"normalcy"

Question 38

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
War Industries Board

Question 39

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
League of Nations

Question 40

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Espionage and Sedition acts

Question 41

Match each civilian administrator below with the World War I mobilization agency that he directed.

A) A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2
B) A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
C) A-3, B-2, C-l, D-4
D) A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
E) A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3

Question 42

Which one of the following was not among Wilson's Fourteen Points,upon which he based America's idealistic foreign policy in World War I?

A) Reduction of armaments
B) An international guarantee of freedom of religion
C) Abolition of secret treaties
D) A new international organization to guarantee collective security
E) The principle of national self-determination for subject peoples

Question 43

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
irreconcilables

Question 44

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Lodge reservations

Question 45

Prosecutions under the Espionage Act (1917)and the Sedition Act (1918)can be characterized in all of the following ways except

A) antiwar socialists and labor leaders were visibly targeted.
B) 1,900 Americans were prosecuted under these laws.
C) the laws meant that any criticism of the government could be censored and punished.
D) the Supreme Court ruled that they were unconstitutional violations of free speech.
E) after the war, President Harding issued pardons to many of those prosecuted, including labor leader Eugene Debs.

Question 46

Two constitutional amendments,adopted in part because of World War I,were the Eighteenth,which dealt with ____,and the Nineteenth,whose subject was ____.

A) prohibition; an income tax
B) direct election of senators; woman suffrage
C) prohibition; woman suffrage
D) an income tax; direct election of senators
E) women suffrage; prohibition

Question 47

Women's participation in the war effort contributed greatly to the fact that they

A) became a large, permanent part of the American workforce.
B) finally received the right to vote.
C) were allowed to join the air force.
D) organized the National Women's party.
E) All of these

Question 48

When the United States entered World War I,it was

A) well prepared thanks to the foresight of Woodrow Wilson.
B) well prepared militarily but not industrially.
C) well prepared for land combat but not for naval warfare.
D) well prepared industrially but not militarily.
E) poorly prepared to leap into global war.

Question 49

In adopting the Nineteenth Amendment,giving women the right to vote,the United States was

A) taking a progressive step considerably ahead of other nations.
B) also asserting that women had a right to equal pay and to child care services.
C) overcoming the strong hostility to women's suffrage within state governments.
D) following the path already taken by other wartime governments like Britain and Germany.
E) fulfilling one of Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points.

Question 50

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Shandong (Shantung)Peninsula

Question 51

During World I,civil liberties in America were

A) threatened by President Wilson but protected by the courts.
B) limited, but no one was actually imprisoned for his or her convictions.
C) violated mostly in the western United States.
D) protected for everyone except German Americans.
E) severely damaged by the pressures for loyalty and conformity.

Question 52

The United States declared war on Germany

A) in response to demands by American munitions makers.
B) because it appeared that France was about to surrender.
C) because Wall Street bankers demanded it.
D) after Mexico signed an alliance with Germany.
E) after German U-boats sank four unarmed American merchant vessels.

Question 53

Although German-Americans were generally loyal citizens,during the war they were subjected to all of the following except

A) rumors that they were spying and sabotaging the U.S.
B) violent attacks such as tarring, feathering, beatings and lynchings.
C) deportation back to Germany.
D) German books were removed from libraries and German courses cancelled.
E) renaming German foods; sauerkraut became liberty cabbage.

Question 54

The Zimmermann note involved a proposed secret agreement between

A) Britain and France.
B) Russia and Germany.
C) Germany and Mexico.
D) Mexico and France.
E) Germany and Canada.

Question 55

President Wilson broke diplomatic relations with Germany when

A) the Zimmermann note was intercepted and made public.
B) Germany announced that it would wage unrestricted submarine warfare in the Atlantic.
C) news was received that a revolutionary movement had overthrown the czarist regime in Russia.
D) Germany rejected Wilson's Fourteen Points for peace.
E) it appeared that the German army would take Paris.

Question 56

In the decade after the war,feminists

A) pressed for more laws to protect women workers and end child labor.
B) sought full economic and political equality.
C) wanted more opportunities for women in the paid workforce.
D) made getting women into political office a top priority.
E) None of these

Question 57

The major problem for George Creel and his Committee on Public Information was that

A) he oversold Wilson's ideals and led Americans and the world to expect too much.
B) he relied too much on formal laws and police power to gain compliance with the war effort.
C) the entertainment industry was not willing to go along with the propaganda campaign.
D) Wilson had a poor public image with European publics.
E) the public was skeptical of government propaganda.

Question 58

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Treaty of Versailles

Question 59

President Woodrow Wilson persuaded the American people to enter World War I by

A) appealing to America's tradition of intervention in Europe.
B) convincing the public of the need to make the world safe from the German submarine.
C) declaring it a crusade to "make the world safe for democracy."
D) demonstrating how American national security would be threatened by a German victory.
E) insisting that the war would be fought primarily by the navy.

Question 60

President Wilson viewed America's entry into World War I as an opportunity for the United States to

A) reestablish the balance of power in European diplomacy.
B) become a dominant global great power.
C) rebuild its dangerously small military and naval forces.
D) establish a permanent military presence in Europe.
E) shape a new international order based on the ideals of democracy.

Question 61

When the United States entered the war in 1917,most Americans did not believe that

A) the navy was obligated to defend freedom of the seas.
B) it would be necessary to continue making loans to the Allies.
C) the United States would have to ship war materiel to the Allies.
D) mobilization for war should be largely voluntary.
E) it would be necessary to send a large American army to Europe.

Question 62

During World War I,the government's treatment of labor could be best described as

A) fair.
B) strict and financially unrewarding.
C) extremely brutal.
D) so good that the right to form unions was finally granted.
E) decent for native Americans but harsh for ethnic groups.

Question 63

Congress's passage of the Sheppard-Towner Maternity Act demonstrated that the federal government

A) was beginning to address the issue of equal treatment of mothers in the workplace.
B) was prepared to take substantial steps toward federally funded child care.
C) was completely hostile to mothers working outside the home.
D) supported pregnancy and maternity-leave benefits for women.
E) was willing to benefit and support women primarily in their role as mothers.

Question 64

Grievances of labor during and shortly after World War I include all of the following except

A) the inability to gain the right to organize.
B) war-spawned inflation.
C) suppression of the American Federation of Labor.
D) violence against workers by employers.
E) the use of African Americans as strikebreakers.

Question 65

The United States used all of the following methods to support the war effort except

A) forcing some people to buy war bonds.
B) having heatless Mondays to conserve fuel.
C) establishing government control of wages.
D) seizing enemy merchant vessels trapped in American harbors.
E) restricting the manufacture of beer.

Question 66

The two groups who suffered most from the violation of civil liberties during World War I were

A) Catholics and atheists.
B) Irish Americans and Japanese Americans.
C) African Americans and Latinos.
D) labor unions and women's groups.
E) German Americans and social radicals.

Question 67

The enormous nationwide steel strike of 1919 resulted in

A) the eight-hour workday.
B) a takeover of the steelworkers' union by American Communists.
C) somewhat higher wages but no recognition of the steel union.
D) a grievous setback for labor that crippled the union movement for a decade.
E) general strikes of all workers that essentially shut down Seattle and Pittsburgh.

Question 68

The movement of tens of thousands of Southern blacks north during World War I resulted in

A) better race relations in the South.
B) racial violence in the North.
C) fewer blacks willing to be used as strikebreakers.
D) a new black middle class.
E) All of these

Question 69

World War I was the first time that

A) African Americans served in the military.
B) women were admitted to the armed forces.
C) the military was desegregated.
D) the U.S. government employed a draft.
E) None of these

Question 70

The conscription law during World War I differed from the Civil War draft especially because it

A) exempted men older that thirty-five and younger than twenty-one from service.
B) drafted women as well as men.
C) drafted men for the navy and air force as well as the army.
D) contained no provisions for hiring a substitute or purchasing an exemption.
E) contained no provision for conscientious objection.

Question 71

For German military strategists,the entry of the United States into the war meant that

A) they would no longer be able to use their submarine weapon effectively.
B) they would have to defeat France and Britain before a large American force arrived in Europe.
C) they would have to continue to fight on the second front in Russia.
D) the war would become one of swift movements rather than stalemated trench warfare.
E) they would have to switch from an offensive to a defensive strategy.

Question 72

The Germans gained an immense military advantage in the first months of 1918 because

A) they had discovered how to use the tank and poison gas effectively.
B) the Austrian army was able to switch from the Italian front to the western front.
C) the Bolsheviks took Russia out of the war allowing German troops to move to the western front.
D) they had seized the two key strategic points of Verdun and Ypres.
E) their brilliant generals Hindenburg and Ludendorff has taken effective control of the German government.

Question 73

Russia's withdrawal from World War I in 1918 resulted in

A) a communist takeover of that country.
B) the United States' entry into the war.
C) the release of hundreds of thousands of German troops for deployment on the front in France.
D) Germany's surrender to the Allies.
E) a setback for the idea of a "war for democracy."

Question 74

Most wartime mobilization agencies primarily relied on ____ to prepare the economy for war.

A) congressional legislation
B) voluntary compliance
C) presidential edict
D) court decisions
E) business trade organizations

Question 75

Most of the money raised to finance World War I came from

A) confiscation of German property.
B) income taxes.
C) tariffs.
D) sale of armaments to Britain and France.
E) loans from the American public.

Question 76

The two major battles of World War I in which United States forces engaged were

A) Ypres and the Ardennes Forest.
B) Verdun and the Somme.
C) Gallipoli and Locarno.
D) Jutland and Trafalgar.
E) St. Mihiel and the Meuse-Argonne Offensive.

Question 77

Two examples of forceful federal government action to organize the nation for war were

A) the conscription of certain essential wartime workers.
B) federal rationing of food and other essential goods needed for the war.
C) the government's takeover of the railroads and imposition of nationwide daylight savings time.
D) strict government controls on the amount of coal and oil that civilians could use.
E) the use of the U.S. Army to break labor strikes.

Question 78

The World War I military draft

A) generally worked fairly and effectively to provide military manpower.
B) caused widespread resistance and riots.
C) permitted men to purchase substitutes to go in their place.
D) included women as well as men.
E) was not as fair as the Civil War draft.

Question 79

The Second Battle of the Marne was significant because it

A) was the first time American troops saw action in France.
B) forced the Kaiser to abdicate.
C) was the first time American troops fought by themselves.
D) saw the first use of combat aircraft.
E) marked the beginning of a German withdrawal that was never reversed.

Question 80

Despite reluctance by both the president and Congress,the United States resorted to forced conscription in 1917 because

A) there was no other way to raise the vast American army that would have to be sent to Europe.
B) it was the most effective way to destroy the opposition to the war.
C) all the Allied and Central powers had already enacted conscription.
D) it seemed like the most fair way of determining who would serve.
E) they were unwilling to accept female volunteers in the military.