Deck 19: Bones and Joints

Question 1

Aseptic necrosis of bones may be caused by all the following except:

A) Sickle cell anemia
B) Thrombotic occlusion of a nutrient artery
C) Trauma
D) Bacteria
E) Drugs

Answer 1

Bacteria

Question 2

Bowlegs,craniotabes,and rachitic rosary in a growing child are signs of:

A) Osteoporosis
B) Osteopetrosis
C) Vitamin B₁ deficiency
D) Vitamin D deficiency
E) Vitamin A deficiency

Answer 2

Vitamin D deficiency

Question 3

A tumor in a 15-year-old boy was diagnosed in the diaphysis of the tibia.On x-ray examination,it had a sunburst appearance and histologically it was composed of a uniform population of small blue cells.This tumor is a(n):

A) Osteosarcoma
B) Chondrosarcoma
C) Giant cell tumor
D) Ewing's sarcoma
E) Metastasis from a lung cancer

Answer 3

Ewing's sarcoma

Question 4

The most common primary malignant tumor of bones is called:

A) Osteosarcoma
B) Chondrosarcoma
C) Paget's disease
D) Ewing's disease
E) Giant cell tumor of bone

Question 5

If a long bone fracture has numerous lines and fragments,it is called:

A) Simple
B) Greenstick
C) Comminuted
D) Complete
E) Incomplete

Question 6

Osteosarcomas most often arise in the bones of the:

A) Skull
B) Vertebrae
C) Fingers
D) Toes
E) Knee

Question 7

Which joint disease is characterized by destruction and loss of cartilage,sclerosis of subchondral bone,cyst formation,and osteophytes?

A) Osteoarthritis
B) Osteomalacia
C) Rheumatoid arthritis
D) Gout
E) Infectious arthritis

Question 8

The extracellular organic matrix of bones is called:

A) Osteon
B) Osteoid
C) Osteoblast
D) Osteocyte
E) Osteoclast

Question 9

Which vitamin is essential for the formation of bones?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B₁
C) Vitamin B₁₂
D) Vitamin D
E) Vitamin E

Question 10

Benign bone tumor composed of cartilage cells is called:

A) Osteoma
B) Chondroma
C) Fibroma
D) Paget's disease
E) Ewing's disease

Question 11

Which of the following diseases is an autosomal dominant cause of dwarfism?

A) Achondroplasia
B) Osteopetrosis
C) Osteogenesis imperfecta
D) Rickets
E) Osteomalacia

Question 12

Osteoporosis is usually diagnosed by means of:

A) Bone biopsy
B) Electron microscopy
C) X-ray examination
D) Analysis of blood
E) Analysis of joint fluid

Question 13

Which of the following diseases has the highest incidence among postmenopausal women?

A) Osteoporosis
B) Osteopetrosis
C) Osteomalacia
D) Achondroplasia
E) Osteomyelitis

Question 14

The central ("midshaft")portion of long bones is called:

A) Epiphysis
B) Metaphysis
C) Diaphysis
D) Physis
E) Anapophysis

Question 15

Osteogenesis imperfecta is an inborn error in the synthesis of:

A) Collagen type I
B) Collagen type II
C) Collagen type III
D) Phosphate crystals
E) Basement membranes

Question 16

Rheumatoid arthritis is best classified as:

A) Infectious disease
B) Degenerative disease
C) Inborn error of metabolism
D) Autoimmune disease
E) Neoplastic disease

Question 17

Softening of bones as a result of excessive resorption of calcium salts from the extracellular bone matrix is called:

A) Osteoporosis
B) Osteomalacia
C) Osteopetrosis
D) Osteitis deformans
E) Pellagra

Question 18

The excess of which hormone causes osteoporosis?

A) Androgens
B) Estrogens
C) Corticosteroids
D) Prolactin
E) Glucagon

Question 19

The bone lesions in renal osteodystrophy are caused by an excess of:

A) ACTH
B) Thyroglobulin
C) Parathyroid hormone
D) Aldosterone
E) Androgens

Question 20

Osteomyelitis of long bones is most often caused by:

A) Viruses
B) Pyogenic bacteria
C) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
D) Fungi
E) Parasites

Question 21

Migratory arthritis caused by Borrelia burgdorferi is typical of:

A) Rocky Mountain spotted fever
B) Trench foot
C) Lyme disease
D) Legionnaire's disease
E) Osteoarthritis

Question 22

In rheumatoid arthritis the synovium of joints is infiltrated with:

A) Neutrophils
B) Eosinophils
C) Mast cells
D) Basophils
E) Plasma cells

Question 23

Subcutaneous nodules composed of a central area of fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by macrophages and lymphocytes are typical of:

A) Infectious arthritis
B) Rheumatoid arthritis
C) Osteoarthritis
D) Gout
E) Rickets

Question 24

The most common symptom of degenerative joint disease is:

A) Fever
B) Swelling
C) Pain
D) Ankylosis
E) Crepitation

Question 25

Patients with so-called seropositive rheumatoid arthritis have in their blood antibodies to:

A) Viruses
B) Their own immunoglobulins
C) Smooth muscle cells
D) Cartilage
E) Synovial membrane