Deck 2: Contemporary Perspectives on Abnormal Behavior

Question 1

Receptor sites are located on the ______.

A) endocrine system
B) axons
C) dendrites
D) cell body

Answer 1

dendrites

Question 2

The part of the neuron that transmits messages to other neurons is called the ______.

A) nucleus
B) axon
C) dendrite
D) soma

Answer 2

axon

Question 3

The medical model represents a ______ perspective on abnormal behavior.

A) phenomenological
B) behavioral
C) biological
D) cognitive

Answer 3

biological

Question 4

Terminals are located at the end of ______.

A) nuclei
B) axons
C) dendrites
D) somas

Question 5

The part of a dendrite on a receiving neuron that is structured to receive a neurotransmitter is the ______.

A) terminal
B) receptor site
C) myelin sheath
D) hillock

Question 6

The part of the neuron that receives messages from other neurons is called the ______.

A) nucleus
B) axon
C) dendrite
D) soma

Question 7

Anxiety disorders, sleep disorders, and eating disorders have been linked to imbalances of _______.

A) acetylcholine
B) dopamine
C) serotonin
D) epinephrine

Question 8

The nervous system is made up of cells called ______.

A) somas
B) neurons
C) axons
D) synapses

Question 9

The junction between a transmitting neuron and a receiving neuron is called the ______.

A) sheath
B) synapse
C) hillock
D) knob

Question 10

Neurotransmitters induce ______in receiving neurons.

A) dendrites
B) somas
C) chemical changes
D) structural changes

Question 11

The process of neurotransmitters being reabsorbed by the axon terminal is called ______.

A) diffusion
B) recycling
C) reuptake
D) regurgitation

Question 12

In the case study of "Jessica's Little Secret," Jessica's bulimia nervosa is maladaptive in the sense that it can lead to

A) extreme loss of weight.
B) social problems.
C) minor health problems.
D) unwanted social attention from others that is commonly associated with maintaining? an ideal body type.

Question 13

Neurons transmit messages to other neurons by means of chemical substances known as ______.

A) precursors
B) hormones
C) neurotransmitters
D) peptides

Question 14

In contemporary times, the understanding of abnormal behavior has been largely approached from_______________.

A) spiritual perspectives
B) mathematical models
C) natural and social science theoretical models
D) historical perspectives

Question 15

Each kind of neurotransmitter ______.

A) is unique and will fit into only one type of receptor site
B) will fit into several types, but not most types of receptor sites
C) will fit into most, but not all types of receptor sites
D) will fit into every type of receptor site

Question 16

Axons can extend as long as several __________.

A) millimeters
B) inches
C) feet
D) meters

Question 17

The proper sequence of structures a neural message passes through as it moves from one neuron to the next is ______.

A) dendrite, cell body, axon
B) dendrite, axon, cell body
C) axon, cell body, dendrite
D) cell body, dendrite, axon

Question 18

Our understanding of the biological underpinnings of abnormal behavior has ______ in recent years.

A) been eliminated
B) declined
C) remained unchanged
D) grown

Question 19

Many scholars today believe that abnormal behavior patterns are______________.

A) best explained with biological models
B) complex phenomena that are best understood by taking into account multiple perspectives
C) adaptations to difficult-to-understand modern social structures
D) the result of the alienation associated with large, rapidly changing cultures

Question 20

Neurons are ______cells.

A) glial
B) connective
C) adipose
D) nerve

Question 21

Two popular antidepressants, Prozac and Zoloft, increase the availability of _______ in the brain.

A) acetylcholine
B) dopamine
C) serotonin
D) cortisol

Question 22

The ______ is located behind the pons and is involved in balance and motor behavior.

A) cerebrum
B) reticular activating system
C) medulla
D) cerebellum

Question 23

The ______extends from the hindbrain to the lower part of the forebrain and is involved in regulating states ? of arousal.

A) pons
B) medulla
C) reticular activating system
D) cerebellum

Question 24

Depressant drugs, such as alcohol, lower activity in the ______.

A) reticular activating system
B) amygdala
C) cochlea
D) optic chiasm

Question 25

Schizophrenia has been linked to overutilization of _______.

A) acetylcholine
B) dopamine
C) norepinephrine
D) serotonin

Question 26

The brain and spinal cord make up the ______ nervous system.

A) central
B) somatic
C) sympathetic
D) parasympathetic

Question 27

The medulla, pons, and cerebellum are all parts of the ______.

A) forebrain
B) prebrain
C) midbrain
D) hindbrain

Question 28

The ______ lies just above the hindbrain and contains neural pathways linking the hindbrain to the upper regions of the brain.

A) forebrain
B) prebrain
C) midbrain
D) underbrain

Question 29

The ______ plays vital roles in regulating sleep, attention, and arousal.

A) limbic system
B) reticular activating system
C) medulla
D) cerebellum

Question 30

The hindbrain consists of _____________.

A) the pons, thalamus, and reticular activating system
B) the amygdala, hippocampus, and hypothalamus
C) the medulla, pons, and cerebellum
D) the cerebellum, reticular activating system, and hippocampus

Question 31

Celia is having difficulty maintaining her balance and coordinating her muscle movements. Assuming her problems result from a brain injury, one would first examine her _______.

A) pons
B) thalamus
C) medulla
D) cerebellum

Question 32

The ______ plays a role in vital functions like heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure.

A) pons
B) reticular activating system
C) medulla
D) cerebellum

Question 33

The ______ transmits information about body movement and is involved in functions related to attention, sleep, and respiration.

A) pons
B) thalamus
C) medulla
D) cerebellum

Question 34

The ______ relays sensory information from the sense organs (i.e., the eyes and ears) to higher regions of the brain.

A) thalamus
B) hypothalamus
C) basal ganglia
D) cerebellum

Question 35

The ______ nervous system is made up of nerves that receive and transmit sensory messages to the brain.

A) central
B) peripheral
C) reticular
D) limbic

Question 36

The part of the brain involved with states of arousal is

A) cerebellum.
B) hippocampus.
C) reticular activating system.
D) basal ganglia.

Question 37

The reticular activating system is part of the ______.

A) parietal region
B) prebrain
C) midbrain
D) occipital lobe

Question 38

A neurotransmitter linked to anxiety disorders and depression is ______.

A) thyroxin
B) acetylcholine
C) dopamine
D) serotonin

Question 39

The two major parts of the nervous system are the _______.

A) sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
B) central and peripheral nervous systems
C) brain and spinal cord
D) autonomic and somatic nervous systems

Question 40

Alzheimer's disease has been associated with deficiencies of _______.

A) acetylcholine
B) dopamine
C) norepinephrine
D) serotonin

Question 41

The ______ is the brain's "crowning glory," and is responsible for most thinking processes.

A) cerebellum
B) cerebrum
C) corpus callosum
D) limbic system

Question 42

The ______ is a tiny structure located under the thalamus.

A) cingulate gyrus
B) cerebellum
C) hippocampus
D) hypothalamus

Question 43

The hypothalamus is part of the ______.

A) limbic system
B) endocrine system
C) basal ganglia
D) hindbrain

Question 44

Messages from the brain to the ______ nervous system regulate intentional body movements like raising an arm and walking.

A) somatic
B) central
C) sympathetic
D) parasympathetic

Question 45

The ______ nervous system regulates the glands and involuntary activities such as heart rate, digestion, and pupil dilation.

A) somatic
B) autonomic
C) central
D) limbic

Question 46

The ______ nervous system transmits visual messages, auditory messages, and information such as body position and temperature to the brain.

A) somatic
B) autonomic
C) sympathetic
D) parasympathetic

Question 47

The somatic nervous system is associated with processing____________.

A) emotions
B) complex thought
C) information from glands and involuntary bodily processes
D) messages from sense organs

Question 48

Allen is in his house alone late at night when he hears a loud, frightening noise. His heart begins pounding, his senses sharpen, and his muscles tense up. Allen's reaction
Is due to the activity of his ______ nervous system.

A) sympathetic
B) parasympathetic
C) somatic
D) central

Question 49

The autonomic nervous system has two branches, the _________.

A) central and peripheral
B) somatic and peripheral
C) somatic and sympathetic
D) sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 50

The ______ is vital in regulating body temperature, fluid concentrations, and motivation and emotional states.

A) thalamus
B) hypothalamus
C) basal ganglia
D) cerebellum

Question 51

The ______ has been implicated in certain types of sleep disorders.

A) medulla
B) amygdala
C) hippocampus
D) hypothalamus

Question 52

The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions are part of the ______ nervous system.

A) central
B) somatic
C) autonomic
D) endocrine

Question 53

The two major divisions of the peripheral nervous system are the _______ nervous systems.

A) sympathetic and somatic
B) sympathetic and central
C) autonomic and somatic
D) sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 54

The ______ nervous system is also known as the "automatic" nervous system.

A) central
B) somatic
C) autonomic
D) endocrine

Question 55

The ______ , in coordination with the reticular activating system, is involved in such functions as sleep and attention.

A) cingulate nucleus
B) thalamus
C) medulla
D) cerebellum

Question 56

The cerebral cortex makes up the surface of the ______.

A) cerebrum
B) cerebellum
C) corpus callosum
D) limbic system

Question 57

The ______ regulate(s) postural movements and coordination.

A) basal ganglia
B) thalamus
C) pons
D) limbic system

Question 58

The ______ is involved in a range of motivational drives and behaviors, including hunger, thirst, sex, parenting behaviors, and aggression.

A) thalamus
B) hypothalamus
C) basal ganglia
D) cerebellum

Question 59

The ______ plays a role in emotional processing and memory and in regulating basic drives involving hunger, thirst, and aggression.

A) basal ganglia
B) cerebellum
C) reticular activating system
D) limbic system

Question 60

The deterioration of the basal ganglia is associated with ______.

A) Alzheimer's disease
B) Schizophrenia
C) Huntington's disease
D) Autism

Question 61

The field of epigenetics focuses on how _________.

A) environmental factors influence genetic expression
B) genetic factors influence unconscious motives
C) learning theories affect environmental factors
D) humanistic theories determine DNA

Question 62

The occipital lobe is primarily involved in processing ______.

A) sensations of touch and pain
B) muscle control
C) auditory stimuli
D) visual stimuli

Question 63

The area of the cortex involved in skin sensation is the ______ lobe.

A) frontal
B) parietal
C) temporal
D) occipital

Question 64

The auditory area of the cortex lies in the ______ lobe.

A) frontal
B) parietal
C) temporal
D) occipital

Question 65

Unlike many psychological disorders, Alzheimer's disease ______.

A) involves only one area of the brain
B) requires an interaction between biological processes and environment
C) does not involve personality changes
D) is caused chiefly by biological processes

Question 66

Susan was in a serious car accident and lost her vision as a result of the injuries she sustained. Susan may have suffered damage to her ______.

A) amygdala
B) prefrontal cortex
C) occipital lobe
D) temporal lobe

Question 67

The sensory area of the ______ lobe receives messages from skin sensors all over the body.

A) parietal
B) temporal
C) frontal
D) occipital

Question 68

Len sits down to relax in his easy chair after a long, hard day at work. As he sits reading his paper, he grows more relaxed. His breathing and heart rate slow down, and his muscles
Loosen. Len's relaxation is due to the activity of his ______ nervous system.

A) sympathetic
B) parasympathetic
C) somatic
D) central

Question 69

Each hemisphere of the cerebrum is divided into ______ lobes.

A) two
B) four
C) six
D) eight

Question 70

The prefrontal cortex lies in front of the ______.

A) occipital lobe
B) parietal lobe
C) motor cortex
D) cerebellum

Question 71

Maria accidentally collided with a tree while she was skiing and subsequently lost some of her ability to hear. Maria's accident most likely resulted in damage to her ______.

A) temporal lobe
B) occipital lobe
C) parietal lobe
D) frontal lobe

Question 72

When we relax, the ______ decelerates the heart rate.

A) pons
B) cerebellum
C) parasympathetic nervous system
D) right hemisphere

Question 73

The parietal lobe is involved in processing ______.

A) visual stimuli
B) auditory stimuli
C) muscle control
D) sensations of touch, temperature and pain

Question 74

When we are anxious or fearful, ______.

A) neither the sympathetic nor the parasympathetic divisions are active
B) the sympathetic division is most active
C) the parasympathetic division is most active
D) both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions are equally active

Question 75

The area of the cortex most involved in memory, speech, language, and the controlling of voluntary muscle response is the ______ lobe.

A) frontal
B) parietal
C) temporal
D) occipital

Question 76

The motor cortex is part of the ______ lobe.

A) frontal
B) parietal
C) temporal
D) occipital

Question 77

During processes that replenish energy reserves, such as digestion, ______.

A) neither the sympathetic nor the parasympathetic divisions are active
B) the sympathetic division is most active
C) the parasympathetic division is most active
D) both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions are equally active

Question 78

The visual processing area of the cortex lies in the ______ lobe.

A) frontal
B) parietal
C) temporal
D) occipital

Question 79

Ever since John had a stroke, he must be careful when cooking on the stove because he cannot feel hot temperatures and he could burn himself. Most likely John has suffered
Damage to his ______.

A) prefrontal cortex
B) frontal lobe
C) parietal lobe
D) temporal lobe

Question 80

The ______ is involved in higher mental functions like use of language, problem solving, and thought.

A) limbic system
B) parasympathetic nervous system
C) cerebellum
D) prefrontal cortex