Deck 4: Hardware and Software

Question 1

A ________ is 1,024 bytes.

A) K
B) MB
C) GB
D) TB

Answer 1

A

Question 2

________ is a program that controls the computer's resources.

A) Cache
B) Operating system
C) Application
D) Bus

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which device listed below is an example of an output hardware device?

A) keyboard
B) flatbed plotter
C) CPU
D) magnetic disk

Answer 3

B

Question 4

To execute an instruction,data is moved from the main memory to CPU via the ________.

A) bus
B) operating system
C) cache
D) application

Question 5

Users employ ________ computers for word processing,spreadsheets,database access,and so forth.

A) client
B) cached
C) licensed
D) volatile

Question 6

A computer with a quad processor has ________ CPUs.

A) 8
B) 4
C) 2
D) 16

Question 7

Which of the following is sometimes called the "brain" of the computer?

A) magnetic disk
B) special function cards
C) central processing unit
D) main memory

Question 8

Which of the following is part of volatile memory?

A) magnetic disk
B) magnetic tape
C) optical disk
D) cache

Question 9

Which of the following is true of a 32-bit CPU?

A) It can effectively utilize up to 4GB of main memory.
B) It has the highest speed of any processor.
C) It is ideal for creating large complicated spreadsheets.
D) It is more expensive than the 64-bit CPU.

Question 10

Which of the following is considered to be input hardware?

A) keyboard
B) video display
C) speakers
D) plotter

Question 11

Computers represent data by using ________.

A) dots
B) pixels
C) tags
D) bits

Question 12

The CPU has a small amount of very fast memory called ________.

A) the main memory
B) a data channel
C) serial bus
D) a cache

Question 13

When contents of the memory are lost when the power is off,the memory is said to be ________.

A) cached
B) volatile
C) random
D) swapped

Question 14

When there is not enough memory to load additional programs in the main memory,the operating system removes some programs/data and replaces it with the newly requested programs/data through a process called ________.

A) data labeling
B) force programming
C) memory swapping
D) data paging

Question 15

Which of the following storage devices is most commonly used?

A) CD
B) DVD
C) magnetic tape
D) magnetic disk

Question 16

1 ________ = 1024 kilobytes

A) terabyte
B) megabyte
C) gigabyte
D) bit

Question 17

Which of the following is true of special function cards?

A) It consists of circuitry for storing data and instructions.
B) It is added to a computer to augment its basic capacities.
C) It is a storage device used to save data and programs.
D) It selects instructions and processes them.

Question 18

One ________ is equivalent to 1024 gigabytes.

A) gigabyte
B) terabyte
C) megabyte
D) kilobyte

Question 19

CPU speed is expressed in ________.

A) hertz
B) bytes
C) bits
D) cycles

Question 20

Which of the following patterns represents the value 11011?

A) closed; closed; open; closed; closed
B) open; closed; open; open; closed
C) closed; open; open; open; closed
D) open; open; closed; open; open

Question 21

Which of the following is true of a client?

A) They usually have multiple CPUs.
B) They have software that enables them to connect to a network.
C) They have limited video displays or no display at all.
D) They can process emails or large shared databases.

Question 22

Which of the following is true of a server?

A) Single but powerful CPUs are used by all servers.
B) Extensive video displays characterize all servers.
C) Processing shared databases is one if its functions.
D) Servers cannot process emails and Web sites.

Question 23

For some commercial Web sites,the server is actually a large collection of computers,called a ________,that coordinates all of their activities.

A) networking terminal
B) workstation
C) server farm
D) data bus

Question 24

Which of the following is true of thick-client applications?

A) A thick-client application is an application program that need not be preinstalled on the client.
B) All other things being equal, thin-client applications are preferred over thick client applications.
C) A thick client application does not require preinstallation of client codes.
D) With a thick-client application, a system administrator must install the new version on each user computer.

Question 25

Microsoft Windows works only on processors from Intel and companies that make processors that conform to the Intel ________.

A) site license
B) machine code
C) input hardware
D) instruction set

Question 26

Which of the following is a function of the operating system of a computer?

A) processes thousands of service requests at a time
B) performs memory swapping functions
C) selects the order in which instructions are processed
D) reads data and instructions from memory

Question 27

________ is computer code as written by humans and that is understandable by humans.

A) Open source
B) Machine code
C) Source code
D) Native code

Question 28

________ is a form of hardware/software leasing in which organizations obtain server resources from vendors that specialize in server processing.

A) Metaserver leasing
B) String computing
C) Grid referencing
D) Cloud computing

Question 29

Every computer has a(n)________,which is a program that controls that computer's resources.

A) operating system
B) application program
C) central processing unit
D) instruction set

Question 30

Programs that control the server computer's resources are ________.

A) client operating systems
B) client operating systems
C) server operating systems
D) server application programs

Question 31

Application programs that require programs other than a browser on a user's computer are called ________.

A) smart clients
B) horizontal applications
C) vertical applications
D) thick-clients

Question 32

________ is the process whereby multiple operating systems share the same hardware.

A) Machine coding
B) Virtualization
C) License sharing
D) Application software

Question 33

A grocery scanning checkout system is an example of a(n)________.

A) vertical-market software
B) horizontal market software
C) one-of-a-kind application
D) operating system

Question 34

Which of the following operating systems is most commonly used?

A) Linux
B) Windows
C) Unix
D) Mac OS

Question 35

Software that provides capabilities common across all organizations and industries is known as ________ software.

A) enterprise
B) market-wide
C) horizontal-market application
D) generic-application

Question 36

Which of the following operating systems is generally used by the scientific community and not business users?

A) Windows
B) Linux
C) Mac OS
D) Unix

Question 37

Which of the following operating systems was developed by the open source community?

A) Opera
B) Windows
C) Linux
D) Mac OS

Question 38

An individual buying a computer program ________.

A) accrues liability for the usage of the program
B) can install the program on multiple computers
C) just buys a license to use the product
D) can also use most other programs using the license

Question 39

________ software is installed in special,read-only memory in devices like printers or communication devices.

A) Firmware
B) Instruction set
C) Vertical-market
D) Horizontal-market

Question 40

Which of the following is true of in-house custom-developed software?

A) They are less expensive than off-the-shelf software.
B) The organization has to tailor its applications to the software.
C) They are easy and comparatively cheap to make.
D) The developing company pays the adaptation costs itself.

Question 41

To run a program or process data,the CPU must first transfer the program or data from disk to main memory.

Question 42

The most frequently used instructions are stored in the cache.

Question 43

Memory swapping is the process of transferring data between the main memory and the cache.

Question 44

The term byte stands for binary digit.

Question 45

DVDs are the most common storage devices.

Question 46

When you work on a spreadsheet program like Excel,the program is loaded into the cache for processing.

Question 47

A specification that a computing device has 100 million bytes of memory means that the device could hold up to 100 million characters.

Question 48

To execute an instruction,the CPU moves the instruction from main memory via the cache.

Question 49

Optical disks are the most common storage devices.

Question 50

CPU speed is expressed in cycles called hertz.

Question 51

All computer data are represented by bits.

Question 52

Special function cards are electronic components on thin fiberglass backing that can be added to the computer to augment its basic capabilities.

Question 53

Hardware consists of electronic components and related gadgetry that input,process,output,and store data according to instructions encoded in computer programs or software.

Question 54

Printers are examples of output hardware.

Question 55

A flatbed plotter is an example of an input device.

Question 56

Main memory of the computer contains instructions for the operating system (OS).

Question 57

A quad processor has two CPUs.

Question 58

A switch representation of the binary notation 1011 will be open;closed;open;open.

Question 59

A gigabyte is 1,024 terabytes.

Question 60

The CPU selects instructions,processes them,performs arithmetic and logical comparisons,and stores results of operations in memory.

Question 61

What is unique about Linux as an operating system?

Question 62

How can individuals and firms buy computer programs?

Question 63

What is firmware?

Question 64

What are the different categories of application programs?

Question 65

Server computers need lots of main memory and very large disks.

Question 66

What are bits? Explain the various methods of representing binary notation.

Question 67

What is cloud computing?

Question 68

List the four major operating systems and their usages.

Question 69

Differentiate between client and server computers.

Question 70

Describe how computer data is sized.

Question 71

Briefly describe how a computer works.

Question 72

Describe the basic components of a generic computer.

Question 73

Differentiate between an operating system and an application program.

Question 74

A server farm can process only one service request per minute.

Question 75

What are the drawbacks of developing custom application software for an organization?

Question 76

What are two important software constraints? Explain with suitable examples.

Question 77

Most servers do not have a video display or even a keyboard.

Question 78

Large sites that require numerous servers will organize them through a data farm.

Question 79

What is virtualization?

Question 80

Saving your work frequently is advised to tackle the issue of memory volatility.