Deck 3: Cultural and Linguistic Diversity and Exceptionality

Question 1

Disproportional numbers of Asian and Pacific Islander students can be found receiving services in which of the following programs?

A) Gifted and talented
B) Learning disabilities
C) Behavior disorders
D) Moderate disabilities

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Ethnocentrism is defined as viewing one's own cultural group characteristics

A) As inferior
B) As superior
C) As without value
D) With disinterest

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Bilingual special education serves students who

A) Only need instruction that addresses their documented disability
B) Only need instruction on their English language skills
C) Have a temporary disability due to their language diversity
D) Are culturally and linguistically diverse and have a disability

Answer 3

D

Question 4

In the 19th and 20th centuries, immigrants entered the United States at what location?

A) Boston
B) Ellis Island
C) Philadelphia
D) Washington, D.C.

Question 5

Bilingual education is defined as instruction

A) Primarily in English using the native language minimally
B) Only in the native language
C) Only in English
D) In the native language while learning English

Question 6

Which trait does not characterize American macroculture?

A) Individualism and independence
B) Competitiveness and ambition
C) Nonassertiveness and cooperation
D) Equality and fair play

Question 7

The number of school-age children whose primary language is not English is estimated at more than

A) 4 million
B) 6 million
C) 8 million
D) 10 million

Question 8

Multicultural education is defined as

A) Foreign language instruction
B) Cooking techniques from other cultures
C) An educational strategy
D) The study of art history across cultures

Question 9

Some experts believe that the use of standardized tests with children from minority groups measures their

A) Intelligence
B) Problem-solving skills
C) Degree of cultural assimilation
D) Knowledge of sports

Question 10

In the past, the metaphor for the new immigrants in the United States was a melting pot.Today, the preferred metaphor is that of a

A) Blanket
B) Flower
C) Patchwork quilt
D) Teapot

Question 11

What percentage of the U.S.population older than 5 years speaks a language other than English at home?

A) 4%
B) 8%
C) 14%
D) 20%

Question 12

Disproportional numbers of Native American students can be found receiving services in which of the following programs?

A) Gifted and talented
B) Learning disabilities
C) Behavior disorders
D) Moderate disabilities

Question 13

Students who are bilingual become more proficient in English by using their newly acquired language skills with

A) Classmates, friends, and family members
B) Teachers and administrators
C) University language professors
D) Paid tutors in afterschool sessions

Question 14

Which of the following describes cultural pluralism? Cultural and ethnic differences

A) Must be appreciated and respected
B) Must be abandoned
C) Need to be relinquished
D) Must be overlooked

Question 15

The majority of general and special educators are from which of the following groups?

A) African American
B) Asian
C) Latino
D) White

Question 16

When greater numbers of children from minority groups are placed in special education programs compared to their proportion of the general school population, this is called

A) Underrepresentation
B) Cultural pluralism
C) Overrepresentation
D) Multiculturalism

Question 17

American Indian or Alaskan Native, Asian or Pacific Islander, Hispanic, White, and Black are the five racial groups recognized by the U.S.government.Which of the following statements is not true?

A) The terms are arbitrary and represent umbrella terms.
B) Each group is homogeneous.
C) Each group is diverse.
D) The terms obscure the richness of individual cultures.

Question 18

How does a lack of life experiences affect students' responses on standardized tests? Students are more likely to

A) Obtain a higher score
B) Achieve greater success
C) Better understand the questions
D) Give incorrect responses

Question 19

Bilingual students must obtain which level of language skills before achieving a successful transition to a monolingual English class setting?

A) Beginning language level
B) Conversational fluency level
C) Complex language level
D) Completely proficient level

Question 20

Which of the following statements is not appropriate for special educators to consider when planning interventions for learners who are culturally and linguistically diverse?

A) Information about language characteristics of learners with disabilities who are bilingual or have limited English proficiency
B) Information about cultural factors that influence educational planning and services
C) Characteristics of instructional strategies and materials that are culturally and linguistically appropriate
D) Characteristics of a learning environment that promotes success only for English-speaking students

Question 21

All of the following are true about multiculturalism except

A) Acknowledges basic commonalities among groups of people
B) Refers to more than one culture
C) Implies we should appreciate differences among groups of people
D) States clearly that one cannot function within more than one culture

Question 22

Classroom materials should not include only the perspective of which of the following groups?

A) Children, women, and men across diverse groups
B) Male, middle-class, Western European group
C) Females and males across cultures and racial groups
D) Persons with and without disabilities groups

Question 23

Which of the following terms represents a teaching strategy that teaches students primarily in a language other than English?

A) Multicultural education
B) Bilingual education
C) Special education
D) Multilingual education

Question 24

Approximately what percentage of special education teachers are African American?

A) 84%
B) 69%
C) 11%
D) 5%

Question 25

A subculture refers to

A) Ethnocentrism
B) Macroculture
C) Egocentrism
D) Microculture

Question 26

What are the implications of the estimate that by the year 2020, students of color are projected to make up almost half of the school-age population? In view of this projected outcome, teachers should

A) Give up on fixing the problems
B) Be proactive about changes they can make now
C) Let someone else take care of these issues
D) Wait for the principal to tell them what to do

Question 27

All of the following are bilingual instructional techniques except

A) Cultural programs
B) Immersion programs
C) Transitional programs
D) Enrichment programs

Question 28

All of the following are goals of multicultural education except

A) Americanization
B) Educational equity
C) Social reconstruction
D) Human relations

Question 29

Portfolio assessment emphasizes the instructional environment with a focus on the outcomes of learning.Which of the following statements is correct? Portfolio assessment

A) Is infrequently administered
B) Provides a single testing opportunity
C) Uses only one type of work sample
D) Uses real-world tasks collected over time

Question 30

Which of the following groups is typically overrepresented in gifted and talented programs?

A) Asian
B) Hispanic
C) White
D) Black

Question 31

Many standardized tests have been revised for the purpose of reducing bias.Which is not an example of a way in which bias has been reduced in tests?

A) Eliminated all references to animals in test items
B) Reduced the number of culturally specific test items
C) Renormed, or restandardized, the tests across more diverse students
D) Reduced culturally specific language

Question 32

Multicultural education is appropriate for

A) Only young students
B) Only older students
C) Only students without disabilities
D) All students

Question 33

According to some authorities, the educational environment encountered by many students from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds may be

A) Welcoming, warm, and inviting
B) Inadequate, damaging, and openly hostile
C) Inclusive, nurturing, and supportive
D) All of the above

Question 34

The presence of cultural differences provides an opportunity to

A) Celebrate the richness of American diversity
B) Separate groups of people
C) Exclude those who do not speak English well
D) Isolate people who eat strange foods

Question 35

Approximately how many people immigrate to the United States each year?

A) 1,250,000
B) 100,000
C) 10,000,000
D) 5,000,000

Question 36

We define _______________ as the attitudes, belief systems, norms, and traditions shared by a particular group of people that collectively form their heritage.

A) Religion
B) Ethnicity
C) Culture
D) Race

Question 37

One major concern for disproportionate representation of racial and ethnic minorities is

A) Underachievement
B) Unsuccessful assimilation
C) Interdependence on macroculture
D) Subcultural subversion

Question 38

The term double jeopardy refers to students who have

A) Linguistic differences and are chronic disciplinary problems
B) Trouble assimilating to macro- and microcultures
C) Linguistic difficulties and a disability
D) Trouble learning two or more languages

Question 39

Classroom materials should include portrayals of women and men with and without disabilities across diverse cultural and racial groups in which of the following roles?

A) Only active roles
B) Only passive roles
C) Active and passive roles
D) They should not be portrayed at all

Question 40

When evaluating instructional materials, classroom teachers should consider the perspectives and contributions of the following group.

A) Women and men from all geographic areas of the United States
B) Women and men with and without disabilities across cultures
C) Children and teenagers who are Latino or African American
D) Children and teenagers who are Latino and have disabilities

Question 41

Multicultural means ______________.

A) The dominant culture
B) More than one culture
C) A foreign culture
D) Macroculture

Question 42

All of the following except __________ is an example of Gardner's multiple intelligences.

A) Bodily/kinesthetic
B) Telepathic
C) Naturalist
D) Interpersonal

Question 43

Which is an orientation and not a specific pedagogical technique?

A) Student diversity
B) Multicultural education
C) Bilingual education
D) Multiculturalism

Question 44

What percentage of the U.S.population older than 5 years speaks a language other than English at home?

A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 20%
D) 22.5%

Question 45

In the early decades of the 20th century, one aim of schools was to

A) Provide bilingual education
B) Screen children for disabilities
C) Ensure children were grouped according to their cultural background
D) Assimilate children of immigrants into American culture

Question 46

An equally controversial and somewhat confusing concept associated with multicultural education is

A) Diversity
B) Cultural education
C) Bilingual education
D) English learner (EL)

Question 47

Students who have disabilities and are culturally and linguistically diverse do not present significant challenges for their teachers.

Question 48

Effective teachers are sensitive to the cultural background of each student and provide educational experiences that are culturally relevant and culturally appropriate.

Question 49

Which of the following is not a contributing factor of overrepresentation in special education of children of color?

A) Poverty
B) Limited access to health care
C) Cultural and language differences
D) Lack of teacher training in the area of multiculturalism

Question 50

English learners (ELs)are individuals whose primary or home language is not English and who have yet to achieve proficiency in English.

Question 51

Eighty-three percent of U.S.teachers are _______

A) African American
B) Asian
C) White
D) Multicultural

Question 52

A major goal of multicultural education is for students to acquire

A) The skills needed for employment
B) Knowledge of the dominant culture
C) The knowledge, attitudes, and skills needed to function effectively in each cultural setting
D) Knowledge of other peoples and their culture

Question 53

__________ means limited access to health care, especially prenatal, poor nutrition, and adverse living conditions.

A) Culturally deprived
B) Diversity
C) Severely deprived
D) Poverty

Question 54

According to the U.S.Census Bureau in 2011, what percentage of Americans are native?

A) 1%
B) 5%
C) 10%
D) 18%

Question 55

Traits such as individualism, independence, competitiveness, and ambition are characteristic of the American macroculture.

Question 56

Two students from the same culture group will act _______.

A) The same in all situations
B) Differently from each other in all situations
C) According to their own unique characteristics
D) Differently from all other persons

Question 57

Effective programs for culturally and linguistically diverse students with exceptionalities must consider all the following except

A) Instructional environment
B) Student behaviors
C) The content
D) Student age

Question 58

Schools in the United States are grounded in _____________, a culture that may hold little meaning for many students whose families are poor and/or are from ethnically or culturally diverse backgrounds.

A) African American culture and values
B) Latino culture and values
C) Asian culture and values
D) White middle-class values

Question 59

The United States is composed of only a few different cultures.

Question 60

To avoid perpetuating ethnic and racial stereotypes, teachers should not use the words ___________ when describing their students and the students' families.

A) All and no
B) Some and most
C) Many and few
D) All of the above

Question 61

Poverty is the only factor that contributes to the disproportionate representation of minorities in some special education programs.

Question 62

There is no such thing as a completely unbiased standardized test.

Question 63

African American students are underrepresented in classes for students with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities and behavior disorders.

Question 64

What are four recommendations for assessing culturally and linguistically diverse pupils?

Question 65

List five of the seven microcultures that influence student behavior.

Question 66

The research on the effectiveness of bilingual education supports bilingual education as the most appropriate way to provide instruction to students with limited English language skills.

Question 67

The misclassification and/or inappropriate placement of minority students in special education programs often results in stigmatization and lower expectations.

Question 68

Historically, fewer numbers of minority groups have been placed in special education classrooms than would be anticipated based on their proportion of the school population.

Question 69

By the year 2020, students of color are projected to make up almost half of all school-age youth.

Question 70

What are some of the characteristics of students who are field dependent/sensitive (relational, global learners)and students who are field independent (detail oriented and analytically inclined)learners?

Question 71

Identify six guidelines for selecting and evaluating instructional materials.

Question 72

What are the projections for the makeup of America's classrooms in the coming decades?

Question 73

There is an underrepresentation of minority children in special education.

Question 74

The original aim of bilingual education was to promote the acquisition of English language skills.

Question 75

Even though there is more racial diversity than in the past, there aren't any major U.S.cities where children of color outnumber white children.

Question 76

Historically, greater numbers of children from minority groups have been placed in special education classrooms than would be anticipated based on their proportion of the school population.

Question 77

Teachers must guard against assuming that the behaviors, beliefs, and actions of their particular cultural group are the correct or only way of doing something.

Question 78

Cultural pluralism requires cultural groups to relinquish or abandon their cultural heritage.

Question 79

Poverty frequently means reduced access to health care, including prenatal care, poor nutrition, and adverse living conditions.These factors increase the likelihood of a child's risk for learning and developmental issues.

Question 80

Bilingual special education does not consider the student's language and culture as important components in creating an appropriate educational program.