Deck 7: Embryology

Question 1

Deoxygenated blood that passes from the fetus to the placenta is carried by the umbilical vein. ____

Answer 1

False
The umbilical vein carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus.

Question 2

The telencephalon gives rise to the

A) pineal gland, pituitary gland, olfactory bulbs, and optic tracts.
B) cerebral hemispheres and lateral ventricles.
C) thalamus and hypothalamus.

Answer 2

B
The telencephalon gives rise to the large cerebral hemispheres, the basal ganglia, and the lateral ventricles.

Question 3

Peristalsis begins at

A) 12 weeks.
B) 11 weeks.
C) 7 weeks.
D) 20 weeks.

Answer 3

B
Peristalsis occurs by week 11.

Question 4

The hepatic section of the IVC is derived from the

A) subcardinal/supracardinal vein.
B) proximal vitelline vein.
C) subcardinal vein.
D) supracardinal veins.

Question 5

The celiac axis and superior and inferior mesenteric arteries are derived from the vitelline artery complex. ____

Question 6

The portal vein is formed in embryologic week 6. ____

Question 7

The foregut forms

A) the distal duodenum, small bowel, and proximal part of the colon.
B) the distal part of the colon.
C) part of the mouth, as well as the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and proximal part of the duodenum.

Question 8

Normal formation of the GI tract is complete at

A) 12 weeks.
B) 11 weeks.
C) 7 weeks.
D) 20 weeks.

Question 9

The hindgut forms

A) the distal duodenum, small bowel, and proximal part of the colon.
B) the distal part of the colon.
C) part of the mouth, as well as the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and proximal part of the duodenum.

Question 10

The diencephalon gives rise to the

A) pineal gland, pituitary gland, olfactory bulbs, and optic tracts.
B) cerebral hemispheres and lateral ventricles.
C) thalamus and hypothalamus.

Question 11

Swallowing begins at

A) 12 weeks.
B) 11 weeks.
C) 7 weeks.
D) 20 weeks.

Question 12

The IVC is formed in week 3 of gestation. ____

Question 13

The prosencephalon gives rise to the

A) pineal gland, pituitary gland, olfactory bulbs, and optic tracts.
B) cerebral hemispheres and lateral ventricles.
C) thalamus and hypothalamus.

Question 14

The midgut forms

A) the distal duodenum, small bowel, and proximal part of the colon.
B) the distal part of the colon.
C) part of the mouth, as well as the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and proximal part of the duodenum.

Question 15

The embryologic heart begins beating at approximately embryologic week 3. ____

Question 16

The postrenal section of the IVC is derived from the

A) subcardinal/supracardinal vein.
B) proximal vitelline vein.
C) subcardinal vein.
D) supracardinal veins.

Question 17

The renal section of the IVC is derived from the

A) subcardinal/supracardinal vein.
B) proximal vitelline vein.
C) subcardinal vein.
D) supracardinal veins.

Question 18

The anal canal opens at

A) 12 weeks.
B) 11 weeks.
C) 7 weeks.
D) 20 weeks.

Question 19

The prerenal section of the IVC is derived from the

A) subcardinal/supracardinal vein.
B) proximal vitelline vein.
C) subcardinal vein.
D) supracardinal veins.

Question 20

Three dorsal arteries fuse into one during embryologic week 3. ____

Question 21

The umbilical vein carries oxygenated blood to the embryo. ____

Question 22

Wolffian and müllerian ducts are located near the mesonephros, the second-stage structure of renal formation, and develop into male and female genital tracts. ____

Question 23

The foregut herniates from the abdomen, rotates, and then returns to the abdominal cavity. ____

Question 24

The kidneys lie initially in the pelvis and then move up into the abdomen. ____

Question 25

Hematopoiesis begins in embryologic week 6 in the liver. ____

Question 26

The external genitalia are similar in male and female embryos until 8 weeks of gestation, when the genital tubercle turns into visible labia. ____

Question 27

The septum transversum in the embryo eventually becomes the connective tissue for the liver. ____

Question 28

The ductus venosus shunts blood from the umbilical vein to the IVC. ____

Question 29

The spleen develops at 8 weeks of embryologic age. ____

Question 30

Ventral and dorsal diverticula of the primitive hindgut rotate to form the pancreas. ____

Question 31

The three developmental stages of the kidneys are the pronephros, mesonephros, and metanephros. ____

Question 32

The liver is formed from the foregut. ____

Question 33

The umbilical veins degenerate into one umbilical vein, which carries deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta. ____

Question 34

After birth, fetal RBC formation ceases and the reticuloendothelial function begins. ____

Question 35

Embryonic kidneys function by the end of week 5. ____

Question 36

The primitive gut forms during embryologic week 4 and is composed of a foregut, a midgut and a hindgut. ____

Question 37

The embryonic/fetal spleen produces red and white blood cells. ____

Question 38

The vitelline veins carry oxygenated blood from the embryo to the placenta. ____

Question 39

The gastrointestinal tract begins to form at 4 weeks of embryologic age. ____

Question 40

After birth, the umbilical vein becomes the ligamentum venosum, and the ductus venosus becomes the ligamentum teres. ____

Question 41

Most organogenesis takes place during the fetal stage. ____

Question 42

About 50% of ectopic thyroids are lingual in nature. ____

Question 43

Accessory ovaries are the most common congenital anomaly of the female genital tract. ____

Question 44

A bicornuate uterus is the least common congenital anomaly of the female genital tract. ____

Question 45

Thyroid follicle formation begins by week 5. ____

Question 46

Neural development continues postnatally. ____

Question 47

At 4 months of gestation, the testes descend to the level of the urinary bladder; at 7 months, they descend into the scrotum. ____

Question 48

Neural tube formation forms at 3 to 4 weeks of embryologic age. ____

Question 49

Thyroid gland development begins during embryologic week 3. ____

Question 50

Mammary ridges, which eventually become breasts, develop at 6 weeks. ____