Deck 12: The Liver

Question 1

The boundaries of the bare area of the liver include

A) left coronary ligament, transverse colon, and stomach
Antrum.
B) lesser sac, hepatoduodenal ligament, and right kidney.
C) inferior vena cava, main portal vein, and middle hepatic vein.
D) falciform, coronary, and triangular ligaments.

Answer 1

D
The boundaries of the bare area include the falciform ligament, right anterior inferior and right posterior superior coronary ligaments, right triangular ligament, gastrohepatic ligament, left anterior and left posterior coronary ligaments, and left triangular ligament.

Question 2

The inferior surface of the liver is marked by indentations from each of the following except the

A) first part of the duodenum.
B) hepatic flexure of the colon.
C) head of the pancreas.
D) right adrenal gland.

Answer 2

C
The inferior (visceral) surface of the liver is marked by indentations from organs in contact with its surface, including the gallbladder, pylorus, duodenum, right colon, right hepatic flexure of the colon, right third of the transverse colon, right adrenal gland, and right kidney.

Question 3

The quadrate lobe of the liver is also referred to as

A) the papillary projection.
B) the main lobar fissure.
C) the medial portion of the left lobe.
D) Glisson's capsule.

Answer 3

C
The anterior midportion of the inferior surface is the medial portion of the left lobe of the liver. This portion is also referred to as the quadrate lobe of the liver.

Question 4

The liver metabolizes

A) complex sugars.
B) fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.
C) blood proteins.
D) all of the above

Question 5

The right and left lobes of the liver are related to the _______ of the diaphragm.

A) anterior surface
B) superior surface
C) posterior surface
D) undersurface

Question 6

The left hepatic vein and the left hepatic lobe are separated from the caudate lobe by the

A) intrasegmental fissure.
B) intersegmental fissure.
C) fissure for the ligamentum venosum.
D) bare area of the liver.

Question 7

The free inferior margin of the left lobe lies adjacent to all of the following except the

A) splenic artery and vein.
B) gastric body and antrum.
C) body of the pancreas.
D) hepatic flexure.

Question 8

The portal system supplies _____ of the total blood flow to the liver.

A) 25%
B) 30%
C) 50%
D) 75%

Question 9

Each of the following is a blood plasma protein or clotting factor except

A) fibrinogen.
B) prothrombin.
C) albumin.
D) arginine.

Question 10

A normal left hepatic lobe is ____________ in size and shape.

A) variable
B) never larger than the right
C) fixed
D) independent of the quadrate lobe

Question 11

The liver is composed of _____ true lobes.

A) Three
B) Four
C) Six
D) Two

Question 12

The three main tributaries to the portal confluence are the inferior mesenteric vein, the superior mesenteric vein, and the

A) left gastric vein.
B) splenic vein.
C) portal vein.
D) gastroduodenal vein.

Question 13

Blood flow to the caudate lobe is supplied by the

A) hepatic artery.
B) right portal vein.
C) left portal vein.
D) right and left portal vein.

Question 14

Which is NOT related to the caudate lobe of the liver?

A) Splenic vein
B) Left portal vein
C) Inferior vena cava
D) Ligamentum venosum

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of the liver?

A) Serving as a reservoir of blood
B) Synthesizing blood proteins and heparin
C) Storing minerals and vitamins
D) All of the above

Question 16

The left portal vein serves as ________ between the medial and lateral left lobe.

A) an intralobar boundary
B) intralobar drainage
C) an intersegmental boundary
D) intersegmental drainage

Question 17

In patients with severe portal hypertension, the left portal vein may communicate with the

A) umbilical vein.
B) right portal vein.
C) left hepatic vein.
D) splenic vein.

Question 18

The ____________ surface of the liver normally rests on the abdominal organs.

A) superior
B) inferior
C) anterior
D) posterior

Question 19

The liver occupies a major portion of the _____________ region.

A) umbilical
B) right hypochondriac
C) hypogastric
D) epigastric

Question 20

Kupffer cells are specialized liver cells that play a major role in the body's

A) defense.
B) nutrition.
C) storage capacity.
D) fat emulsification.

Question 21

Which description of the location of the liver is correct?

A) Inferior to the dome of the diaphragm
B) Superior to the bony lumbar region of the posterior abdominal wall
C) Anterior to the right costal margin
D) Posterior to the esophagogastric junction

Question 22

COMPLETION
Determine which type of metabolism most commonly is associated with each entity. Use C for carbohydrate metabolism, F for fat metabolism, and P for protein metabolism.
Glycogenesis ______

Question 23

The hepatic arteries and common bile duct course ______________ to the portal veins at the level of the porta hepatis.

A) lateral
B) medial
C) anterior
D) posterior

Question 24

Prominent pulsatility of the Doppler waveform in the portal vein is

A) normal.
B) abnormal.

Question 25

Tumor invasion of the portal vein may be observed in association with cancerous lesions of the liver or with metastases. Color Doppler scanning demonstrates tumor vascularity within the portal vein lesion by the presentation of: high resistance venous signals.

A) low resistance venous signals
B) low resistance arterial signals
C) high resistance venous signals
D) high resistance arterial signals.

Question 26

The visceral surface of the liver is superior and anterior to each of the following except the

A) gallbladder.
B) pylorus.
C) right third of the transverse colon.
D) undersurface of the diaphragm.

Question 27

Proximal to the _____________, the left portal vein takes a C-shaped, superior course in the liver.

A) ligamentum venosum
B) left hepatic vein
C) coronary ligament
D) falciform ligament

Question 28

COMPLETION
Determine which type of metabolism most commonly is associated with each entity. Use C for carbohydrate metabolism, F for fat metabolism, and P for protein metabolism.
Diabetes ______

Question 29

COMPLETION
Determine which type of metabolism most commonly is associated with each entity. Use C for carbohydrate metabolism, F for fat metabolism, and P for protein metabolism.
Cholesterol ______

Question 30

"A tonguelike extension of the right lobe of the liver" describes a(n)

A) quadrate lobe.
B) Riedel's lobe.
C) accessory liver.
D) direct papillary process.

Question 31

The portal veins and hepatic arteries enter the liver and the hepatic ducts exit through the

A) foramen of Winslow.
B) porta hepatis.
C) pouch of Morrison.
D) lesser sac.

Question 32

The main lobar fissure represents a

A) marker identifying the falciform ligament.
B) boundary between the right and left lobes.
C) division between the medial and lateral portions of the left lobe.
D) landmark fissure of the caudate lobe.

Question 33

COMPLETION
Determine which type of metabolism most commonly is associated with each entity. Use C for carbohydrate metabolism, F for fat metabolism, and P for protein metabolism.
Ketones ______

Question 34

COMPLETION
Determine which type of metabolism most commonly is associated with each entity. Use C for carbohydrate metabolism, F for fat metabolism, and P for protein metabolism.
Amino acids ______

Question 35

Which is NOT a major component of the bile secreted by the liver?

A) Cholesterol
B) Fat
C) Bilirubin
D) Lecithin

Question 36

The normal sonographic appearance of the liver is

A) homogeneous.
B) heterogeneous.
C) decreased in echogenicity relative to the kidney.
D) isoechoic compared to the kidney.

Question 37

COMPLETION
Determine which type of metabolism most commonly is associated with each entity. Use C for carbohydrate metabolism, F for fat metabolism, and P for protein metabolism.
Cell membranes ______

Question 38

Any of the following except the ______ may be identified as a fibrous cord that was patent before birth and extends upward from the diaphragm to the anterior wall.

A) hepatoduodenal ligament
B) umbilical vein
C) round ligament
D) ligamentum teres