Deck 2: Inflammation and Repair

Question 1

Transmembrane adhesive heterodimeric proteins, composed of an a and a ß chain, are expressed on activated leukocytes during inflammation. They bind primarily to intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), both of which belong to the family of proteins known as

A) selectins
B) integrins
C) immunoglobulins
D) lectins
E) growth factors

Answer 1

immunoglobulins

Question 2

Nitric oxide synthesis is augmented in endothelial cells by a calmodulin-mediated influx of which element?

A) Calcium
B) Sodium
C) Potassium
D) Oxygen
E) Nitrate

Answer 2

Calcium

Question 3

Bradykinin is produced from a high-molecular weight kininogen circulating in the blood. This reaction is mediated by

A) coagulation factor X
B) kallikrein
C) Hageman factor
D) complement C3
E) protein C

Answer 3

kallikrein

Question 4

Fibrillin is important for the scaffolding and deposition of which other component of the extracellular matrix?

A) Collagen type I
B) Collagen type III
C) Elastic fibers
D) Fibronectin
E) Laminin

Question 5

Which of the following mediators of inflammation has chemotactic properties and is increased in persons taking aspirin?

A) Thromboxane A₂
B) Prostaglandin E₂
C) Platelet-activating factor
D) Leukotriene B₄
E) Interleukin-1

Question 6

Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes pain?

A) Nitric oxide
B) Complement C3a
C) Bradykinin
D) Leukotriene B₄
E) Interleukin-1

Question 7

A 20-year-old woman suffered extensive burns and developed large irregular scars over her hands. These scars limited the movement of her fingers, and she was unable to fully extend them. What are these lesions called?

A) Contractures
B) Desmoids
C) Aggressive fibromatoses
D) Keloids
E) Wound dehiscences

Question 8

A 2-year-old child known to suffer from recurrent bacterial infections and poor wound healing was found to have leukocyte adhesion molecule deficiency 1 (LAD-1). The leukocytes of this patient do not express CD18, a molecule classified as belonging to the family of

A) selectins
B) integrins
C) lectin type of vascular adhesion molecules
D) aminotransferases
E) glycosidases

Question 9

Aspirin lowers the body temperature by inhibiting the synthesis of which regulator of the central thermostat in the hypothalamus?

A) Leukotriene B₄
B) Lipoxin
C) Thromboxane A₂
D) Prostacyclin
E) Prostaglandin E₂

Question 10

C-reactive protein binds to the surface of microbes in tissues acting as

A) a caspase
B) a peroxidase
C) an opsonin
D) an anaphylatoxin
E) a membrane attack protein

Question 11

Which growth factor is the most potent promotor of angiogenesis in the granulation tissue?

A) Angiotensin
B) Platelet-derived growth factor
C) Tumor growth factor ß
D) Vascular endothelial growth factor
E) Epidermal growth factor