Deck 2: Personality and Learning

Question 1

The dispositional approach is the most widely accepted perspective within organizational behaviour.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

According to ________ activation theory,traits lead to certain behaviours only when the situation makes the need for the trait salient.

Answer 2

trait

Question 3

Personality characteristics influence people's behaviour when the situation calls for a particular personality characteristic.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

If an organization decides to change the characteristics of work tasks in order to improve employee satisfaction and performance,what approach to organizational behaviour are they following?

A)dispositional approach
B)personality approach
C)situational approach
D)interactionist approach
E)operant learning approach

Question 5

________ characteristics influence people's behaviour when the situation calls for a particular personality characteristic.

Question 6

The ________ approach is the most widely accepted perspective within organizational behaviour.

Question 7

According to trait activation theory

A)traits lead to certain personalities only when the situation makes the need for that personality salient.
B)traits lead to certain behaviours only when the situation makes the need for that trait salient.
C)situations lead to certain traits only when the situation makes the need for that trait salient.
D)situations lead to certain behaviours only when the situation makes the need for a trait salient.
E)personality leads to certain traits only when the situation makes the need for that personality salient.

Question 8

Personality is a relatively new idea in organizational behaviour research.

Question 9

An individual's personality encompasses

A)a relatively stable set of psychological characteristics.
B)a constantly shifting set of personal characteristics.
C)all aspects of the individual's consciousness.
D)behaviours which are mostly learned through childhood experience.
E)all aspects of the individual's physical and emotional response to their environment.

Question 10

An important implication of the situational approach is that some personality characteristics are useful in certain organizational situations.

Question 11

A relatively stable set of psychological characteristics that influences the way an individual interacts is referred to as ________.

Question 12

According to the ________ approach,organizational behaviour is a function of both dispositions and the situation.

A)personality
B)interactionist
C)operant learning
D)social cognitive
E)contingency

Question 13

If an organization decides to use personality tests in the hiring of employees in order to improve employee satisfaction and performance,what approach to organizational behaviour are they following?

A)dispositional approach
B)situational approach
C)interactionist approach
D)testing approach
E)military approach

Question 14

Which of the following is the most widely accepted perspective within organizational behaviour?

A)The five-factor approach
B)The dispositional approach
C)The situational approach
D)The interactionist approach
E)The personality approach

Question 15

According to trait activation theory,traits lead to certain personalities only when the situation makes the need for them salient.

Question 16

Personality will have the most impact in which situation?

A)Weak situations of loosely defined roles with few rules
B)Strong situations with well defined roles, rules, and contingencies
C)Both weak and strong situations
D)Situations of medium strength
E)Weak situations with well defined roles, rules, and contingencies

Question 17

According to the dispositional approach,individuals possess stable traits or characteristics that influence their attitudes and behaviours.

Question 18

What is personality? Is it possible for an individual to have "no personality"? Explain.

Question 19

Personality is the unstable set psychological characteristics that influences the way an individual interacts with the environment.

Question 20

The idea that personality characteristics influence people's behaviour when the situation calls for a particular personality characteristic is known as

A)personality activation theory.
B)situation activation theory.
C)trait activation theory.
D)situational approach.
E)dispositional approach.

Question 21

Emotional stability helps support positive work performance because

A)the person is neurotic about their responsibilities and is fanatically detail oriented.
B)the person is more calm and has highly effective interactions with co-workers and customers.
C)the person is obsessive with customer service quality.
D)the person expresses great detachment and apathy.
E)the person sticks to their established patterns and ignores updated information.

Question 22

Janet has shown her boss how effective she is on the job because she is naturally curious about what is happening with her company,has broad interests,and has a vibrant imagination.She is demonstrating great

A)willingness to get along with everyone.
B)openness to experience.
C)focus on getting promoted and is highly ambitious.
D)emotional stability.
E)reluctance to work long hours.

Question 23

What are the implications of trait activation theory for a manager who has to assign employees to various tasks in different situations? How should the manager proceed and what will be most effective?

Question 24

Which of the following is TRUE about high self-monitors?

A)They experience more role stress and show higher commitment to their organization.
B)They experience less role stress and show higher commitment to their organization.
C)They experience less role stress and show less commitment to their organization.
D)They experience no role stress and show less commitment to their organization.
E)They experience more role stress and show less commitment to their organization.

Question 25

According to behavioural plasticity theory

A)people with high self-esteem are more likely to benefit from external and social influences.
B)people with low self-esteem are more susceptible to external and social influences.
C)people's self-esteem can easily be changed in response to external and social influences.
D)people's behaviour will only change when their self-esteem is threatened.
E)the best way to change people's behaviour is to use external and social influence.

Question 26

The personality dimension which helps foster cooperation and nurturing of others and teamwork is

A)emotional stability.
B)conscientiousness.
C)general self-efficacy.
D)self-monitoring.
E)agreeableness.

Question 27

Recent studies suggest that extraversion is related to absenteeism in a positive direction.This means that

A)extraverts tend to be absent less often than introverts.
B)the more extraverted a person is, the less absent they are.
C)extraverts tend to be absent more often than introverts.
D)the more introverted a person is, the more absent they are.
E)people become more extraverted through higher absenteeism.

Question 28

What is trait activation theory and what does it tell us about the role that personality plays in organizational behaviour?

Question 29

The personality dimension of openness to experience is defined as

A)the extent to which a person is outgoing and enjoys social situations.
B)the degree to which a person has appropriate emotional control.
C)the extent to which a person is friendly and approachable.
D)the degree to which a person thinks flexibly and is receptive to new ideas.
E)the degree to which a person is responsible and achievement oriented.

Question 30

The personality dimension of extraversion is defined as

A)the extent to which a person is outgoing and enjoys social situations.
B)the degree to which a person has appropriate emotional control.
C)the extent to which a person is friendly and approachable.
D)the degree to which a person thinks flexibly and is receptive to new ideas.
E)the degree to which a person is responsible and achievement oriented.

Question 31

The personality dimension of agreeableness is defined as

A)the extent to which a person is outgoing and enjoys social situations.
B)the degree to which a person has appropriate emotional control.
C)the extent to which a person is friendly and approachable.
D)the degree to which a person thinks flexibly and is receptive to new ideas.
E)the degree to which a person is responsible and achievement oriented.

Question 32

A person with low self-esteem will likely

A)react well to ambiguous stressful situations.
B)be able to deal with negative feedback.
C)be less susceptible to external and social influences.
D)respond well to mentoring.
E)be less pliable than someone with high self-esteem.

Question 33

Which of the following is associated with more unsafe behaviours?

A)High extraversion
B)High emotional stability
C)High agreeableness
D)High conscientiousness
E)High openness to experience

Question 34

Gary Reynolds is the CEO of Reynolds Software Limited.He attributes his success to careful planning,hard work,and a good business education.In terms of locus of control,Gary is most likely a(n)

A)external.
B)extravert.
C)introvert.
D)internal.
E)high self-monitor.

Question 35

Extraversion is especially important for jobs that require

A)low interpersonal interaction and independence.
B)in-depth research and analysis with great independence.
C)extensive education and credibility, e.g., Ph.D.
D)a lot of interpersonal interaction such as sales and management.
E)being a solo practitioner.

Question 36

A person who is a high self-monitor will

A)observe the situation when determining how to behave.
B)ignore the situation when determining how to behave.
C)be rather rigid in his or her leadership style.
D)be prone to uncontrollable emotional outbursts.
E)have difficulty regulating their behaviour in social situations.

Question 37

Edward has recently been told that he is very effective at networking with potential customers.However,his follow-up after initial contact is sloppy and his files are not up to date.In order to be more effective on the job he needs to keep working on the ________ part of his personality.

A)emotional stability
B)openness to experience
C)neuroticism
D)conscientiousness
E)independence

Question 38

The personality dimension of emotional stability is defined as

A)the extent to which a person is outgoing and enjoys social situations.
B)the degree to which a person has appropriate emotional control.
C)the extent to which a person is friendly and approachable.
D)the degree to which a person thinks flexibly and is receptive to new ideas.
E)the degree to which a person is responsible and achievement oriented.

Question 39

Personality is most commonly thought to consist of ________ general dimensions.

A)four
B)five
C)three
D)seven
E)six

Question 40

The personality dimension of conscientiousness is defined as

A)the extent to which a person is outgoing and enjoys social situations.
B)the degree to which a person has appropriate emotional control.
C)the extent to which a person is friendly and approachable.
D)the degree to which a person thinks flexibly and is receptive to new ideas.
E)the degree to which a person is responsible and achievement oriented.

Question 41

Which of the Big Five dimensions predicts job performance in all jobs across occupations?

A)Extraversion
B)Emotional stability
C)Agreeableness
D)Conscientiousness
E)Openness to experience

Question 42

Which of the following are associated with workplace deviance?

A)conscientiousness, agreeableness, and emotional stability
B)conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness to experience
C)extraversion, agreeableness, and emotional stability
D)conscientiousness, extraversion, and agreeableness
E)extraversion, agreeableness, and openness to experience

Question 43

The Big Chunk Candy Company has experienced problems with employees engaging in deviant workplace behaviours.As a result,they are going to begin to use personality tests to hire employees who are less likely to be deviant.What should they be looking for?

A)high conscientiousness and high openness to experience
B)high conscientiousness and high self-monitoring
C)high extraversion and high emotional stability
D)high conscientiousness and high extraversion
E)high conscientiousness and high agreeableness

Question 44

Altruism is one of the "Big Five" personality dimensions.

Question 45

Having high self-esteem means that you have a negative self-evaluation.

Question 46

Each of the Big Five dimensions is related to job performance but not organizational citizenship behaviours.

Question 47

High self-monitors experience less role stress.

Question 48

Being a high self-monitor means that you observe only yourself and no one else.

Question 49

Which of the following statements is most accurate?

A)Each of the Big Five dimensions is related to job performance but not organizational citizenship behaviours.
B)Each of the Big Five dimensions is related to organizational citizenship behaviours but not job performance.
C)Some of the Big Five dimensions are related to job performance and all of them are related to organizational citizenship behaviours.
D)Some of the Big Five dimensions are related to organizational citizenship behaviours and all of them are related to job performance.
E)Each of the Big Five dimensions is related to job performance and organizational citizenship behaviours.

Question 50

Conscientiousness is the strongest predictor of all of the "Big Five" dimensions of overall job performance.

Question 51

Locus of control is not a personality dimension.

Question 52

Behavioural plasticity has to do with how external and social influences can change people's self-esteem.

Question 53

Behavioural plasticity theory has to do with what personality characteristic?

A)Locus of control
B)Self-esteem
C)Self-monitoring
D)General self-efficacy
E)Core self-evaluations

Question 54

If you believe that you are being controlled by internal forces,you are an external locus of control person.

Question 55

The "Big Five" refers to five distinct dimensions of personality.

Question 56

Self-esteem,self-monitoring,locus of control,agreeableness,conscientiousness,and emotional stability are all examples of personality characteristics or dimensions.

Question 57

If Nadia is susceptible to external and social influences,what can you say about her personality?

A)She has an internal locus of control.
B)She has an external locus of control.
C)She has high self-esteem.
D)She has low self-esteem.
E)She is a high self-monitor.

Question 58

Which of the following are associated with fewer unsafe work behaviours?

A)high conscientiousness and high openness to experience
B)high conscientiousness and high emotional stability
C)high extraversion and high emotional stability
D)high conscientiousness and high extraversion
E)high conscientiousness and high agreeableness

Question 59

Which of the following is TRUE about high self-monitors?

A)They tend to be less involved in their jobs and experience more role stress.
B)They tend to be more involved in their jobs and show more commitment to their organization.
C)They tend to be more involved in their jobs and to experience more role stress.
D)They tend to be less involved in their jobs and are more likely to emerge as leaders.
E)They tend to be less involved in their jobs and show more commitment to their organization.

Question 60

Agreeableness means that a person tends to be friendly and approachable.

Question 61

High ________ are likely to experience more role stress and show less commitment to their organization.

Question 62

Behavioural plasticity theory has to do with the situations in which personality characteristics influence people's behaviour.

Question 63

High ________ predicts performance in all jobs across occupations.

Question 64

________ is the degree to which a person has a positive self-evaluation.

Question 65

High conscientiousness,________,and emotional stability are associated with lower levels of workplace deviance.

Question 66

Stan believes that his boss is responsible for all the stuff that happens to him (Stan).Stan is exhibiting an external ________.

Question 67

People with high self-esteem tend to be more susceptible to external and social influences than those who have low self-esteem.

Question 68

High ________ and low emotional stability are associated with more unsafe behaviours.

Question 69

High levels of conscientiousness and agreeableness are associated with fewer unsafe behaviours.

Question 70

High agreeableness predicts performance in all jobs across occupations.

Question 71

High levels of agreeableness and low emotional stability are associated with more unsafe behaviours.

Question 72

High conscientiousness and ________ are associated with fewer unsafe behaviours.

Question 73

Extraverts tend to be absent more often than introverts.

Question 74

Susan is disliked by her sorority sisters because she is always able to act perfectly,regardless of the situation.Susan might be called a ________.

Question 75

High levels of extraversion and low emotional stability are associated with more unsafe behaviours.

Question 76

High levels of conscientiousness and extraversion are associated with fewer unsafe behaviours.

Question 77

High levels of conscientiousness,agreeableness,and emotional stability are associated with lower levels of workplace deviance.

Question 78

________ refers to the extent to which a person thinks flexibly and is receptive to new ideas.

Question 79

High levels of extraversion,agreeableness,and emotional stability are associated with lower levels of workplace deviance.

Question 80

________ is the strongest predictor of all of the "Big Five" dimensions of overall job performance.