Deck 60: Abuse and Neglect

Question 1

If you have reasonable cause to suspect child maltreatment, a report to the county or local child protective services office should occur:

A) immediately.
B) after obtaining permission from the victim's caregiver or parent.
C) after obtaining permission from your employer.
D) after a second incident of maltreatment confirms your suspicions.
E) Both c and d are correct.

Answer 1

immediately.

Question 2

Which of the following is a correct statement regarding the history of children's rights and health protection recognition in the United States?

A) The health professions identified child abuse and neglect as a public health issue over 100 years ago.
B) Children's rights have been in place for over 100 years, the same length of time that animal rights have been established.
C) Until the 1960s, child abuse was viewed as a public health problem and was addressed by both the federal government and healthcare professionals.
D) Prior to the 1960s, child abuse was viewed as a family problem and not in the scope of practice of healthcare professionals.
E) All of the above are correct statements.

Answer 2

Prior to the 1960s, child abuse was viewed as a family problem and not in the scope of practice of healthcare professionals.

Question 3

Which of the following is not a type of child maltreatment?

A) Neglect
B) Physical abuse
C) Sexual abuse
D) Emotional or psychologic abuse
E) None of the above

Answer 3

None of the above

Question 4

Failure of dental hygienists and dentists to report suspected cases of child maltreatment has led in some cases to:

A) death of the child.
B) repeated maltreatment of the child.
C) loss of the dental professional's license.
D) all of the above.

Question 5

Indicators of abuse may include:

A) victims wearing inappropriate seasonal clothing to cover injuries to the arms and legs.
B) victims or perpetrators stating hard to believe stories about how the injuries occurred.
C) victims presenting with multiple bruises or injuries in various stages of healing.
D) victims demonstrating unusual fear or anxiety in the presence of the perpetrator.
E) all of the above.

Question 6

Which of the following may be an indicator of human trafficking?

A) The victim is accompanied by someone who does not allow them to come alone.
B) The victim discloses or appears to be under control of another person.
C) The trafficker wants the best dental work for the victim and cost is no object.
D) The victim does not have any identification cards or papers.
E) All of the above are indicators.

Question 7

Which of the following is a true statement regarding child maltreatment victims?

A) Victims only come from poor families.
B) The majority of victims reside in cities and highly urbanized areas.
C) The majority of victims reside in rural areas.
D) The majority of victims are of Hispanic and Caucasian racial groups.
E) Child maltreatment victims come from all socioeconomic levels, geographic areas, and racial groups.

Question 8

Which of the following is a possible indicator of abuse?

A) Caregivers seeking treatment immediately for the injured person
B) Histories of injuries that match to the nature and healing stage of the injury reported
C) Pattern marks or "tattoos" left by an object or implement of abuse
D) Caregivers who are very forthcoming about the nature and degree of the injury
E) Caregivers who follow up with recommended treatment for the injured individual

Question 9

Dental hygienists and dentists are mandated reporters in all states for abuse of:

A) domestic partners.
B) vulnerable adults.
C) trafficked individuals.
D) elderly adults.
E) both b and c.

Question 10

Dentists and dental hygienists are:

A) responsible for investigating suspected cases of elder abuse.
B) responsible for investigating suspected cases of domestic violence.
C) responsible for counseling the suspected perpetrator regarding healthy relationship practices to give them a second chance to change their abusive behavior toward the victim.
D) legally mandated to report cases of domestic violence even when the victim denies abuse has occurred and they are suspicious of the spouse who brought them in for the dental visit.
E) not mandated reporters of suspected cases of domestic violence in all states.

Question 11

Dental hygienists can assist victims of domestic violence by:

A) posing screening questions such as "Do you feel safe at home?" to the victim in the presence of the suspected perpetrator.
B) inviting the suspected perpetrator to be present during the medical history interview and oral examination of the victim.
C) continuing to question the victim despite denials of any issues to show your professional expertise on the matter and intimidate the victim into disclosing abuse.
D) discretely slipping domestic violence helpline brochures into the coat pocket or purse of the victim while he or she is not looking.
E) doing none of the above.

Question 12

Which of the following maltreatment types comprise the greatest percentage of victims among children and elderly adults?

A) Physical abuse
B) Sexual abuse
C) Neglect
D) Emotional abuse
E) Verbal abuse

Question 13

Some of the typical sites for inflicted injuries of abuse are:

A) cheeks.
B) neck.
C) genitals.
D) lower back.
E) all of the above.

Question 14

Human trafficking is:

A) experienced in only certain countries.
B) the second largest criminal industry in the world.
C) a problem of modern day slavery where victims are subjected to force, fraud, or coercion, for the purpose of sexual exploitation or forced labor.
D) all of the above.
E) both b and c.

Question 15

Dental hygienists are:

A) responsible for proving that child abuse and neglect has occurred.
B) mandated to document disclosures of child maltreatment in the client record.
C) not legally liable for failing to report a suspicious case of child abuse and neglect.
D) responsible for investigating suspected cases of child abuse and neglect first before contacting the child protection service agency.

Question 16

Which of the following has the highest prevalence among victims of child maltreatment?

A) Neglect
B) Physical abuse
C) Sexual abuse
D) Emotional or psychologic abuse
E) None of the above

Question 17

Which of the following is not a true statement regarding child maltreatment?

A) The majority of physical abuse involves injuries to the head and neck.
B) Abusers often avoid visiting the same physician office and emergency department with the victim, but more often than not return with the victim to the same dental office.
C) Dental offices have special equipment available that help dental professionals investigate suspected cases of abuse and neglect.
D) Very few reports of child abuse or neglect files are from dental professionals.

Question 18

Which of the following is not true regarding perpetrators of domestic violence?

A) They are often strangers to the victim.
B) They are often intimate partners of the victim.
C) They are often driven by the power and control they hold over the victim.
D) They are likely to repeat the abuse if the victim stays in the household.

Question 19

Accidental childhood injuries usually occur on:

A) lips and labial frenum.
B) inner thighs.
C) buttocks.
D) knees.
E) ears.

Question 20

Signs of dental neglect may manifest as:

A) poor oral hygiene.
B) untreated dental disease.
C) failure to follow through with recommended treatment.
D) failure to seek care to ensure oral health.
E) all of the above.

Question 21

Which of the following types of abuse varies from state to state regarding the dental hygienist's responsibility as a mandated reporter?

A) Elder maltreatment and domestic violence
B) Child and vulnerable adult abuse
C) Human trafficking
D) Child and vulnerable adult neglect
E) Both b and d

Question 22

Failure of a dental hygienist to report suspected cases of child, vulnerable adult, and human trafficking may result in:

A) fines.
B) prison time.
C) criminal charges.
D) all of the above.
E) both a and c.

Question 23

Dental hygienists' low reporting of child abuse and neglect may reflect:

A) a lack of information on how to recognize signs of abuse and neglect.
B) a lack of separation of dental hygienists' reports from other healthcare professional reports.
C) a lack of knowledge on how to report child maltreatment.
D) all of the above.

Question 24

Which of the following may be a perpetrator of domestic elder abuse?

A) Staff of nursing homes
B) Paid caregivers in board and care facilities
C) The victim's child
D) The victim's spouse
E) Both c and d

Question 25

Human trafficking victims:

A) should be reported to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Department of Homeland Security.
B) often speak the language of the country they are transported and trafficked to.
C) will often have a dental home.
D) usually carry large amounts of cash to pay for their own dental treatment.
E) All of the above are correct.

Question 26

Behavior indicative of an abusive parent includes:

A) hesitating to seek dental treatment for a child's oral injuries.
B) insisting his or her child be seen for an unscheduled appointment immediately after an oral injury has occurred, much to the chagrin of the receptionist who finds no available appointments.
C) providing detailed information about how the oral injury occurred.
D) reporting a story of how the injury occurred that is consistent with the history reported by the injured child.
E) all of the above.

Question 27

Which of the following types of abuse and neglect is considered a public health problem?

A) Human trafficking
B) Domestic or intimate partner violence
C) Child maltreatment
D) Elder abuse
E) All of the above

Question 28

Which of the following signs is suggestive of sexual abuse in children?

A) Postnatally acquired gonorrhea and syphilis
B) Nontransfusion-acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
C) Intraoral venereal warts
D) Palatal petechiae
E) All of the above

Question 29

Dental hygienists should automatically assume dental neglect has occurred when the child presents with:

A) rampant caries.
B) pain.
C) infection.
D) all of the above.
E) none of the above.

Question 30

Which of the following is a true statement regarding elderly and vulnerable adults?

A) All elderly adults are considered vulnerable adults.
B) All vulnerable adults are elderly.
C) Elder abuse is expected to increase.
D) Both a and c are true.
E) None of the above are true.