Deck 17: Emerging Adulthood

Question 1

Eventually, the most mature individuals progress to

A) dualistic thinking.
B) commitment within relativistic thinking.
C) cognitive dissonance.
D) intuitive rationality.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Matthew comes from a low-SES American family. He dropped out of high school and, at age 19, is unemployed. Matthew will probably

A) encounter a "floundering period."
B) experience an extended period of emerging adulthood.
C) experience excitement during the transition to adulthood.
D) experience a wide array of personal expansion.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

When college students tackle challenging, ill-structured problems, interaction among individuals who are _________________ is beneficial.

A) equal in authority but greater in knowledge
B) roughly equal in authority and knowledge
C) greater in authority and equal in knowledge
D) lesser in authority and knowledge

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Nearly half of American 18- to 25-year olds

A) earn a bachelor's degree by age 22.
B) enter graduate school.
C) return to their parents' home for brief periods after first leaving.
D) view marriage and parenthood as crucial markers of adult status.

Question 5

Lincoln, an American adult, is asked: "Do you consider yourself to have reached adulthood?" He responds that he feels that he is truly an adult. Lincoln is probably ________ years old.

A) 18 or 19
B) 20 to 22
C) 23 to 25
D) 26 to 35

Question 6

Maribeth views all knowledge as embedded in a framework of thought. She believes that each person, in arriving at a position, creates her own "truth." Maribeth uses

A) dualistic thinking.
B) cognitive dissonance.
C) relativistic thinking.
D) epistemic cognition.

Question 7

Emerging adulthood

A) spans from ages 16 to 18 years old.
B) is a new transitional period extending from the late teens to the mid-twenties.
C) is evident in nonindustrialized countries.
D) is a time of certainty and focus.

Question 8

The overwhelming majority of young people in traditional, non-Western countries

A) experience a prolonged emerging adulthood.
B) enter marriage late.
C) enter lifelong work late.
D) have no emerging adulthood.

Question 9

One criticism of the concept of emerging adulthood is

A) emerging adulthood fails to describe the experiences of most young people in industrialized nations.
B) research on emerging adulthood largely emphasizes its societal benefits.
C) at no time has adulthood in complex societies been attained at a distinct moment.
D) emerging adulthood is rapidly expanding in developing nations.

Question 10

Exposure to multiple viewpoints during emerging adulthood

A) often confuses young people, thereby delaying commitment to life goals.
B) encourages young people to adopt rigid values and beliefs.
C) often causes young people to rebel against their family values for a period of time.
D) encourages young people to look more closely at themselves, thereby developing a more complex self-concept.

Question 11

Our reflections on how we arrived at facts, beliefs, and ideas are called

A) dualistic thinking.
B) cognitive dissonance.
C) relativistic thinking.
D) epistemic cognition.

Question 12

Which of the following is true about identity development in emerging adulthood?

A) Young people usually explore in depth, but not in breadth.
B) Young people usually explore in breadth, but not in depth.
C) Young people usually explore possibilities in breadth and then in depth.
D) Most college students make commitments, but fail to evaluate them.

Question 13

Research suggests that emerging adulthood

A) greatly speeds up identity development.
B) is a cultural construction.
C) is a time of financial independence.
D) primarily occurs in low-SES ethnic minority groups.

Question 14

Which of the following young adults is more likely to experience emerging adulthood?

A) Indira, who comes from a low-income family in India
B) Mae Ling, who comes from a wealthy family in China
C) Isabel, who comes from a middle-income family in Brazil
D) Estevan, who comes from a low-income family in Mexico

Question 15

Jermaine, a college sophomore, was asked, "If two people disagree on the interpretation of a poem, how would you decide which one is right?" He replied, "You'd have to ask the poet. It's his poem." Jermaine is displaying

A) dualistic thinking.
B) cognitive dissonance.
C) relativistic thinking.
D) epistemic cognition.

Question 16

Proponents of emerging adulthood as a distinct period note that

A) it fails to describe the experiences of most of the world's youths.
B) it applies to most young people in industrialized societies.
C) it occurs across diverse cultures and SES groups.
D) emerging adults are part of a general trend toward blurring of age-related expectations.

Question 17

Which of the following young adults is the most likely to live independently?

A) Alan, a Caucasian American
B) Isaiah, an African American
C) Jesus, a Hispanic American
D) Tommy, a Native American

Question 18

Extended education, delayed career entry, and postponed marriage all result in ________ for those in emerging adulthood.

A) great residential instability
B) an inability to commit to long-term romantic relationships
C) long-term career stability
D) a great sense of security

Question 19

Which of the following is true about emerging adulthood?

A) It is primarily found in low-SES ethnic minority groups.
B) Emerging adults are actually adolescents who take on adult responsibilities.
C) Most parents of emerging adults view their children as not yet fully adult.
D) Adult milestones are highly consistent in time and order across individuals.

Question 20

Dr. Thayer's research shows that college students make impressive strides in cognition. She focuses on cognitive development beyond Piaget's formal operational stage. Dr. Thayer studies

A) preoperational thought.
B) postformal thought.
C) globalization.
D) postoperational thought.

Question 21

List personal attributes (cognitive, emotional, and social) and social supports that foster resilience in emerging adulthood.

Question 22

Explain how young people find lasting intimate relationships. How does partner similarity contribute to long-term relationships?

Question 23

Rita is similar to the average emerging adult. Which of the following is probably true?

A) She sustains regular, formal religious activities.
B) She does not vote.
C) She sees work as merely a way to obtain spending money.
D) She does not believe in cohabitation.

Question 24

Many ethnic minority young people

A) experience a longer period of emerging adulthood than their Caucasian agemates.
B) arrive at emerging adulthood with experiences that compromise their academic preparedness for college.
C) complete their college degrees by age 23 and enroll in graduate school shortly thereafter.
D) focus on career goals over finding a long-term romantic partner.

Question 25

Which of the following is true?

A) More U.S. young people today vote than in previous generations.
B) More U.S. young people today engage in political party activities than in previous generations.
C) During emerging adulthood, attendance at religious services drops to its lowest level throughout the lifespan.
D) Emerging adults who view religion as important in their lives engage in less community service.

Question 26

Annika, an emerging adult, lives with her overprotective mother. Annika's mother calls her employer when she has to be absent from work and helps her complete her community college homework. Annika probably

A) feels connected and secure.
B) has high self-esteem.
C) is poorly adjusted.
D) is identity achieved.

Question 27

Andrew is an emerging adult. He is likely to say that ________ is essential for him to attain adult status.

A) getting married
B) settling into a career
C) finishing his education
D) constructing a worldview

Question 28

Nearly all U.S. young people are sexually active by age

A) 18.
B) 20.
C) 22.
D) 25.

Question 29

Which of the following activities peaks between ages 18 and 24?

A) drug taking
B) religious service attendance
C) political activism
D) community involvement

Question 30

Identity achievement in the vocational realm

A) is more challenging for women than for men.
B) usually occurs by age 21.
C) is easier for women in male-dominated careers.
D) is more challenging for men than for women.

Question 31

Ray and his girlfriend, Amy, do not have similar attitudes, personalities, or political beliefs. They subscribe to the popular belief that "opposites attract." Which of the following is most likely to be true?

A) They will be more satisfied with their relationship than with previous relationships.
B) They are less likely to stay together than two people who are similar to each other.
C) They are just as likely to stay together as are two similar people.
D) They are more likely to choose marriage over cohabitation.

Question 32

According to your text, advances in identity occur in which three domains?

A) love, work, and worldview
B) career, financial security, and love
C) job security, financial security, and marital status
D) religiosity, spirituality, and work

Question 33

During emerging adulthood, supportive family, school, and community environments

A) are crucial, just as they were at earlier stages of development.
B) are not nearly as important as they were in earlier stages of development.
C) can sometimes interfere with mature identity development.
D) are more important to affluent young people than their lower-SES counterparts.

Question 34

Which of the following is true about romantic ties in emerging adulthood?

A) Nearly 60 percent of emerging adults have had more than two sexual partners in the past year.
B) Until the mid-20s, few romantic relationships last longer than six months.
C) With age, emerging adults' romantic ties last longer and involve greater trust.
D) The majority of emerging adults have more than one sexual partner over the course of a year.