Deck 36: Gastrointestinal Disorders

Question 1

Celiac sprue is a malabsorptive disorder associated with

A) inflammatory reaction to gluten-containing foods.
B) megacolon at regions of autonomic denervation.
C) ulceration of the distal colon and rectum.
D) deficient production of pancreatic enzymes.

Answer 1

inflammatory reaction to gluten-containing foods.

Question 2

Acute right lower quadrant pain associated with rebound tenderness and systemic signs of inflammation are indicative of

A) appendicitis.
B) peritonitis.
C) cholecystitis.
D) gastritis.

Answer 2

appendicitis.

Question 3

Esophageal varices represent a complication of ________ hypertension.

A) primary
B) pregnancy-induced
C) portal
D) secondary

Answer 3

portal

Question 4

Barrett esophagus is a

A) gastrin secreting lesion.
B) preneoplastic lesion.
C) benign condition.
D) gastrin-secreting tumor.

Question 5

What clinical finding would suggest an esophageal cause of a client's report of dysphagia?

A) Nasal regurgitation
B) Airway obstruction with swallowing
C) Chest pain during meals
D) Coughing when swallowing

Question 6

A silent abdomen 3 hours after bowel surgery most likely indicates

A) peritonitis.
B) mechanical bowel obstruction.
C) perforated bowel.
D) functional bowel obstruction.

Question 7

An early indicator of colon cancer is

A) rectal pain.
B) bloody diarrhea.
C) a change in bowel habits.
D) jaundice.

Question 8

What finding would rule out a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome in a patient with chronic diarrhea?

A) Negative stool leukocytes
B) Intermittent constipation
C) Abdominal pain and distention
D) Bloody stools

Question 9

Ulcerative colitis is commonly associated with

A) bloody diarrhea.
B) malabsorption of nutrients.
C) fistula formation between loops of bowel.
D) inflammation and scarring of the submucosal layer of the bowel.

Question 10

Fecal leukocyte screening would be indicated in a patient with suspected

A) lactose intolerance.
B) enterocolitis.
C) laxative abuse.
D) giardiasis.

Question 11

What finding should prompt further diagnostic testing in a child presenting with diarrhea?

A) Periumbilical discomfort
B) Greenish, watery diarrhea
C) Frequent, large-volume diarrhea
D) Blood and mucus in the stools

Question 12

A patient receiving chemotherapy may be at greater risk for development of

A) gastroesophageal reflux.
B) stomatitis.
C) esophageal varices.
D) Mallory-Weiss syndrome.

Question 13

Epigastric pain that is relieved by food is suggestive of

A) pancreatitis.
B) cardiac angina.
C) gastric ulcer.
D) dysphagia.

Question 14

An urgent surgical consult is indicated for the patient with acute abdominal pain and

A) vomiting.
B) CVA tenderness.
C) absent bowel sounds.
D) borborygmi.

Question 15

A patient who should be routinely evaluated for peptic ulcer disease is one who is

A) taking 6 to 8 tablets of acetaminophen per day.
B) being treated with high-dose oral glucocorticoids.
C) experiencing chronic diarrhea.
D) routinely drinking alcoholic beverages.

Question 16

Which symptom suggests the presence of a hiatal hernia?

A) Nausea
B) Heartburn
C) Diarrhea
D) Abdominal cramps

Question 17

The most common cause of mechanical bowel obstruction is

A) volvulus.
B) intussusception.
C) adhesions.
D) fecal impaction.

Question 18

Proton pump inhibitors may be used in the management of peptic ulcer disease to

A) increase gastric motility.
B) inhibit secretion of pepsinogen.
C) neutralize gastric acid.
D) decrease hydrochloric acid (HCl) secretion.

Question 19

Constipation in an elderly patient can be best treated by

A) maintaining a low-fiber diet.
B) maintaining the current level of activity.
C) fecal disimpaction.
D) increasing fiber in the diet.

Question 20

A patient with chronic gastritis would likely be tested for

A) Helicobacter pylori.
B) occult blood.
C) lymphocytes.
D) herpes simplex.

Question 21

Rupture of esophageal varices is a complication of cirrhosis with portal hypertension and carries a high ________ rate.

A) cure
B) morbidity
C) insurance
D) mortality

Question 22

Dumping syndrome is commonly seen after __________ procedures.

A) appendectomy
B) intestinal biopsy
C) colonoscopy
D) gastric bypass

Question 23

Crohn disease is associated with what complications?

A) Perianal fissures
B) Fistulae
C) Green stool
D) Abscesses
E) Rectal pain

Question 24

A disorder of the esophageal smooth muscle function where dysphagia is a symptom is

A) esophageal stricture.
B) achalasia.
C) esophageal tumors.
D) Mallory-Weiss syndrome.
E) hiatal hernia.

Question 25

Premature infants are at greater risk for developing

A) necrotizing enterocolitis.
B) pseudomembranous colitis.
C) appendicitis.
D) diverticular disease.

Question 26

What is a pathophysiologic mechanism involved in the development of diarrhea?

A) Osmotic diarrhea
B) Excessive flatus
C) Secretory diarrhea
D) Exudative diarrhea
E) Motility disturbances