Deck 4: Connective Tissue

Question 1

Connective tissue called _____ lines the _____ cavity of long bones

A) Endosteum … epiphyseal
B) Endosteum … medullary
C) Perichondrium … medullary
D) Periosteum … diaphyseal
E) Periosteum … medullary

Answer 1

B
Endosteum … medullary

Question 2

Dense regular connective tissue

A) Attaches bone to muscle and bone to bone
B) Is composed of a random arrangement of collagen fibers
C) Is composed primarily of fibroblasts in dense bundles
D) Owes its characteristics to the predominance of collagen II
E) Surrounds the walls of hollow organs

Answer 2

A
Attaches bone to muscle and bone to bone

Question 3

Connective tissue is composed of all of the following except

A) Extracellular matrix
B) Fibroblasts
C) Ground substance
D) Junctional complexes
E) Protein fibers

Answer 3

D
Junctional complexes

Question 4

The type of cartilage found in the external ear is

A) Aurocartilage
B) Elastic cartilage
C) Fibrocartilage
D) Hyaline cartilage
E) Otocartilage

Question 5

The type of fiber that forms a sort of supportive "web" for cells is

A) Elastic
B) Reticular
C) Type I collagen
D) Type II collagen
E) Type IV collagen

Question 6

Formation of new cartilage along the surface of pre-existing cartilage is termed

A) Appositional growth
B) Endochondral growth
C) Interstitial growth
D) Intramembranous growth
E) Isogenous growth

Question 7

Inflammation is generally a function of which of the following connective tissue cells?

A) Adipocytes
B) Fibroblasts
C) Macrophages
D) Mast cells
E) Pericytes

Question 8

What are mature cartilage cells called?

A) Chondroblasts
B) Chondrocytes
C) Chondrogenic cells
D) Osteoblasts
E) Osteocytes

Question 9

Osteons are defined by a central canal surrounded by _____ lamellae.

A) Calcified
B) Concentric
C) Inner circumferential
D) Interstitial
E) Outer circumferential

Question 10

The shaft of long bones is called the ____ and is composed mostly of ____ bone

A) Diaphysis … compact
B) Diaphysis … spongy
C) Epiphysis … compact
D) Epiphysis … spongy
E) Metaphysis …spongy

Question 11

Metastasis can occur when tumor cells release _____, which can dissolve the basement membrane, resulting in the invasion of the tumor into underlying connective tissue.

A) Collagenase I
B) Collagenase IV
C) Gelatinase A
D) Elastase
E) Stromelysin 1

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT true regarding the osteon in compact bone?

A) It is composed of concentric lamellae of mineralized material
B) Osteocytes are interconnected by radial canaliculi
C) The central component is the haversian canal that contains blood vessels and nerves
D) The primary cell type within the mineralized bone of the osteon is the osteoclast
E) Volkmann's canals run perpendicular to the diaphysis of the bone

Question 13

Identify the INCORRECT statement

A) Connective tissue cells such as fibroblasts are the dominant tissue component in dense connective tissues.
B) Glycosaminoglycans are a dominant component of connective tissue ground substance
C) The generation of heat by the oxidation of fatty acids is a special feature of brown adipose tissue.
D) The highly viscous character of connective tissue ground substance is largely due to the proteoglycans
E) Type I and type V collagen fibers can be found in dense regular connective tissue and bone

Question 14

Which type of cartilage is found in the respiratory tract and the nose?

A) Elastic cartilage
B) Fibrocartilage
C) Hyaline cartilage
D) Osteocartilage
E) Pericartilage

Question 15

Both mature bone cells and mature cartilage cells are found in chambers called

A) Isogenous groups
B) Lacunae
C) Lamellae
D) Territorial matrices
E) Volkmann's canals

Question 16

Which of the following is true of interstitial, rather than appositional, chondrogenesis?

A) Chondroblasts differentiate within the chondrogenic layer of the perichondrium
B) Isogenous groups are formed by chondroblast mitosis
C) Interstitial chondrogenesis begins from undifferentiated cells
D) It results in an increase in the diameter or thickness of the cartilage
E) Spindle-shaped cells cluster together in the outer layer of the perichondrium

Question 17

Which of the following characteristics makes cartilage an unusual connective tissue?

A) It functions in mechanical support
B) It has a ground substance
C) It contains both mature and immature cells
D) It is avascular
E) It contains protein fibers

Question 18

Connective tissue cells responsible for synthesizing connective tissue proper matrix are

A) Chondroblasts
B) Fibroblasts
C) Mast cells
D) Mesenchymal cells
E) Osteoblasts

Question 19

Which of the following is true of brown, rather than white, fat?

A) It contains a single lipid droplet formed from the fusion of several droplets
B) It is formed during secondary fat formation
C) It is found primarily in adults
D) It is unilocular
E) It contains collagenase IV

Question 20

Which characteristic is true of BOTH brown and white fat?

A) Cells feature multiple fat-storing vesicles
B) Cells have flattened, peripheral nuclei
C) They are found in the neck and the interscapular region in infants
D) Both are highly vascular
E) Their principal role is in providing cushioning for organs

Question 21

Which of the following cells is a type of macrophage?

A) Osteoblast
B) Osteoclast
C) Osteocyte
D) Osteogenic cell
E) Osteoprogenitor cell

Question 22

In mature bone, the cell processes of adjacent osteocytes are connected by gap junctions within the _____.

A) Canaliculi
B) Haversian canals
C) Lacunae
D) Lamellae
E) Volkmann's canals

Question 23

Osteoporosis can occur when _____ activity exceeds _____ activity.

A) Osteoblast … osteoclast
B) Osteoclast … osteoblast
C) Osteoclast … osteocyte
D) Osteocyte … osteoblast
E) Osteocyte … osteoclast