Deck 18: Neuroendocrine System

Question 1

Melatonin

A) Is secreted by the neurohypophysis
B) Is secreted immediately following synthesis by acidophils
C) Is transported along pinealocyte axons
D) Production is stimulated by sunlight
E) Stimulates growth hormone secretion

Answer 1

C
Is transported along pinealocyte axons

Question 2

Which of the following statements about the neurohypophysis is not true?

A) Contains glial-like cells called pituicytes
B) It synthesizes, stores, and secretes antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin
C) Its axons derive from the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei
D) Secretion of its hormones is controlled by nerve impulses from the hypothalamus
E) The hypothalamohypophyseal tract runs through the infundibulum

Answer 2

B
It synthesizes, stores, and secretes antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin

Question 3

Which endocrine structure does not directly synthesize any hormones but instead stores hormones and secretes them following a nervous signal from the hypothalamus?

A) Adrenal cortex
B) Adrenal medulla
C) Anterior pituitary
D) Posterior pituitary
E) Thyroid gland

Answer 3

D
Posterior pituitary

Question 4

Prolactin secretion is _____ by _____.

A) Inhibited … dopamine
B) Inhibited … somatostatin
C) Stimulated … dopamine
D) Stimulated … growth hormone-releasing hormone
E) Stimulated … nerve impulse from the hypothalamus

Question 5

Which endocrine structure is composed of several cell types, including chromophobe cells, acidophils, and basophils?

A) Adrenal gland
B) Anterior pituitary
C) Parathyroid gland
D) Pineal gland
E) Posterior pituitary

Question 6

The hormone that stimulates insulin-like growth factor-1 production in the hepatocytes is secreted by

A) Acidophils
B) Basophils
C) Chromophobe cells
D) Herring bodies
E) Pituicytes

Question 7

The anterior pituitary

A) Has a blood-brain barrier generated by pituicytes
B) Is composed of basophils, acidophils, and chromophobe cells
C) Is made up of the pars nervosa and the infundibulum
D) Receives blood from the inferior hypophyseal artery
E) Secretes hormones when directed to do so by a nervous signal from the hypothalamus