Deck 19: Endocrine System

Question 1

Adequate iodide levels are required for the synthesis of

A) Aldosterone
B) Cortisol
C) Thyroid-stimulating hormone
D) Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
E) Thyroxine

Answer 1

E
Thyroxine

Question 2

What happens immediately after insulin binds to the α-subunit of the insulin receptor?

A) It activates the adjacent tyrosine kinase (β-subunit)
B) It increases glucose uptake by the cell
C) It stimulates glucagon secretion by the α cells
D) It stimulates the synthesis of GLUT-4 (glucose transporter-4)
E) It transports the GLUT-4 protein to the cell membrane

Answer 2

A
It activates the adjacent tyrosine kinase (β-subunit)

Question 3

The trophic hormone that controls the release of T4 (thyroxine) and T3 (triiodothyronine) is secreted by

A) Acidophilic cells
B) Basophilic cells
C) Chromaffin cells
D) Chromophobic cells
E) Follicular cells

Answer 3

B
Basophilic cells

Question 4

Parafollicular cells

A) Are found in the parathyroid glands
B) Are found in the zona glomerulosa
C) Constitute the pars tuberalis
D) Secrete a hormone that lowers blood calcium levels
E) Secrete hormones responsible for establishing the basal metabolic rate

Question 5

Parathyroid hormone

A) Decreases blood calcium levels
B) Inhibits calcium resorption in the uriniferous tubules
C) Is released by parafollicular cells
D) Is secreted and synthesized by chief cells
E) Release is stimulated by an increase in serum calcium levels

Question 6

The zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex produces

A) Androgens
B) Corticoids
C) Glucocorticoids
D) Mineralocorticoids
E) Steroids

Question 7

Which endocrine structure secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine?

A) Adenohypophysis
B) Adrenal cortex
C) Adrenal medulla
D) Neurohypophysis
E) Thyroid gland

Question 8

Which of the following hormones is most likely to bind to a receptor inside the cell as opposed to a membrane receptor?

A) Aldosterone
B) Epinephrine
C) Melatonin
D) Parathyroid hormone
E) Vasopressin

Question 9

Sodium and water retention in the kidney is stimulated by a hormone secreted by

A) Chromaffin cells
B) Islets of Langerhans
C) Zona fasciculata
D) Zona glomerulosa
E) Zona reticularis