Deck 5: Ethical Issues Related to Health Promotion

Question 1

A nurse is using feminist ethics when planning a program for women to promote screening and early detection of breast cancer. Which of the following considerations would be made by the nurse? (select all that apply)

A) Importance of relationships
B) Understanding of the oppression of women
C) Importance of responsibility when caring for others
D) Understanding of the imbalance of power

Answer 1

Understanding of the oppression of women
Importance of responsibility when caring for others

Question 2

When providing preoperative teaching for a client who will be undergoing total knee arthroplasty, the nurse asks the client questions to assess his understanding of the surgery. Which type of ethics is the nurse implementing?

A) Duty-based ethics
B) Normative ethics
C) Metaethics
D) Preventive ethics

Answer 2

Preventive ethics

Question 3

A nurse includes the statement, "Treat others the way you would like to be treated." when teaching a group of adolescents about bullying. Which type of ethical theory is being used in this example?

A) Descriptive value theory
B) Normative theory
C) Consequentialism theory
D) Duty-based theory

Answer 3

Normative theory

Question 4

Which of the following concepts of ethics is described as the "duty to maximize the benefits of actions while minimizing harm"?

A) Advocacy
B) Justice
C) Beneficence
D) Autonomy

Question 5

A client is scheduled to have open-heart surgery. His physical condition is such that he is at high risk to experience complications during the procedure, but he has not been advised of this possibility. Which of the following ethical concepts has been ignored in rendering care for this client?

A) Beneficence
B) Autonomy
C) Justice
D) Informed consent

Question 6

An elderly client has recently been diagnosed with cancer. The client's family has asked the nurse to withhold this information from the client because they feel that this information would cause the client to give up on life and become very depressed. The nurse believes the client should be told this information. Which ethical principle is being upheld by the nurse?

A) Justice
B) Beneficence
C) Veracity
D) Nonmaleficence

Question 7

A nurse is working with a community to increase its awareness about the dangers of lead poisoning. Which of the following provides the best explanation as to why the nurse is performing this action? (select all that apply)

A) It is the right thing to do.
B) It is a moral responsibility.
C) It is an ethical responsibility.
D) It is the role of the nurse.

Question 8

A nurse is providing care to a 15-year old female who has recently been diagnosed with a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Which of the following actions should the nurse take next?

A) Seek advice from an ethics expert.
B) Facilitate interaction between the adolescent and her parents/guardians.
C) Report the STI to the appropriate authorities.
D) Contact the adolescent's parents/guardians.

Question 9

A nurse believes that it is his responsibility to ensure the safety of the public by administering flu shots to everyone in the community. Which ethical theory is being used by the nurse?

A) Descriptive value theory
B) Normative theory
C) Consequentialism theory
D) Duty-based theory

Question 10

An emergency department provides care for all individuals regardless of circumstances and ability to pay. This is an example of:

A) ethic of justice.
B) ethic of care.
C) applied ethics.
D) metaethics.

Question 11

A nurse whose religious beliefs prohibit abortion has been asked to participate in a termination of the pregnancy of a 16-year-old victim of date rape. According to the revised American Nurses Association's (ANA's) Code of Ethics for Nurses, which of the following actions should the nurse take next?

A) Suspend her religious beliefs and provide comfort and support for the client.
B) Quit her job and find another source of employment.
C) Notify her supervisor about her beliefs and request a change in assignment.
D) Refuse to participate in the abortion.

Question 12

A nurse reflects on previous experiences with minority populations and considers how these interactions have influenced her present care to these populations. Which part of values clarification and reflection has the nurse used?

A) Formulate a possible course of action.
B) Examine the influence of beliefs.
C) Reflect on practice.
D) Determine the prevalent values.

Question 13

Which of the following types of ethical theories tells us how people act toward each other and their environments and what they believe are good or moral actions?

A) Descriptive value theories
B) Normative theories
C) Consequentialism theory
D) Duty-based theories

Question 14

An 18-year-old woman in whom a sexually transmitted disease (STD) was recently diagnosed asks the nurse not to tell her mother that she has an STD. Her mother asks the nurse what is causing her daughter's vaginal discharge. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A) Follow the principle of veracity and tell the mother the diagnosis.
B) Respect the principle of confidentiality and support the client's request not to tell her mother the diagnosis.
C) Tell the client's mother that she has a urinary tract infection, to protect the client's privacy and honor the mother's request.
D) Ignore the mother's request for information.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true with regard to health promotion?

A) Health promotion efforts are not concerned with addressing environmental obstacles to health.
B) Advocates of health promotion are not involved in political campaigns against harmful products.
C) The business of eliminating health disparities is a unique function of Healthy People 2010 goals.
D) Health promotion involves collaboration of many professional groups.

Question 16

A 24-year-old man with severe cognitive impairment, and no relatives participating in his care, needs to make a decision about removal of a brain tumor that will render him totally dependent for completion of all activities of daily living. The nurse participates in ethical decision making on his behalf, knowing that the client is unable to benefit from which of the following ethical concepts?

A) Autonomy
B) Justice
C) Beneficence
D) Advocacy

Question 17

A nurse uses ethical reasoning to solve an ethical dilemma. Why would the nurse use this process?

A) Assists in predicting all of the possible consequences of future actions
B) Facilitates gathering of the most important information to solve the problem
C) Considers the importance of caring when solving the problem
D) Highlights salient aspects of future actions

Question 18

Which of the following statements best describes the application of moral or ethical theory to the practices involved in health promotion?

A) One can be assured of morally correct action in a given situation if one adheres to a theory of moral principles.
B) There are no identifiable criteria that can be used effectively to determine correct actions in a given situation.
C) The good of the larger population always takes precedence over the good of one individual.
D) Making ethical decisions regarding human health involves the consideration of multiple factors.

Question 19

A liver for which two people are tissue-typed has become available after the death of a donor in a car accident. Client A is a 45-year-old substance abuser whose liver is damaged as a result of his use of alcohol. Client B is a 16-year-old adolescent in need of a liver transplant because of a birth abnormality. Which of the following would be useful for a nurse in giving input as to which of the two should receive the liver?

A) Advocate for Client B because he is the younger of the two and will live longer.
B) Use feminist moral theory to advocate for Client A in spite of his alcohol use.
C) Use a guided set of moral principles in decision-making before advocating for either.
D) Advocate for Client A because he has 15 to 20 years of productive life left.

Question 20

Which concept is aimed at interrupting potential ethical problems before they develop?

A) Feminist ethics
B) Preventive ethics
C) Metaethics
D) Normative ethics