Deck 9: Screening

Question 1

A nurse is creating a hypertension screening program. Which of the following methods would be the best way to design a successful program?

A) Work with stakeholders to conduct a community assessment.
B) Purchase state-of-the-art sphygmomanometers to measure blood pressures.
C) Use the program developed at a previous place of employment.
D) Contact a local church to see if the program can be implemented there.

Answer 1

Work with stakeholders to conduct a community assessment.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of a screenable population for hypertension?

A) High school students
B) Professional hockey players
C) High-level business executives attending an annual conference
D) Cardiac rehabilitation clients

Answer 2

High-level business executives attending an annual conference

Question 3

A nurse is educating a 26-year-old, sexually active, female client about the screening tests that are now covered without a copayment or co-insurance because of the Affordable Care Act. Which of the following preventive services would the nurse include in this discussion?

A) Tobacco use screening
B) HIV screening
C) Cervical cancer screening
D) Breast cancer mammography screening

Answer 3

HIV screening

Question 4

A nurse is working at a women's health clinic and is asked by a client when she should return for her next Pap smear. Which of the following resources would the nurse use to find the most current recommendations?

A) National Health Information Center
B) Healthy People 2020
C) U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) website
D) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website

Question 5

The Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST) has been said to have excellent test specificity. What does this statement mean?

A) Rarely identifies children who have developmental delays
B) Rarely identifies children who do not actually have developmental delays
C) Has a large number of false positive results
D) Has a large number of false negative results

Question 6

The proportion of people with a condition who correctly test positive when screened is known as:

A) sensitivity.
B) specificity.
C) validity.
D) efficacy.

Question 7

The nurse is examining the ability of a phenylketonuria (PKU) screening test to distinguish correctly between newborns who have and who do not have the disease. Which of the following measures of accuracy of the instrument is being evaluated?

A) Sensitivity
B) Specificity
C) Validity
D) Efficacy

Question 8

Which of the following analyses is used to determine the optimal use of resources to reach a predetermined constant end point or the desired health outcome?

A) Cost-benefit ratio analysis
B) Cost-effectiveness analysis
C) Cost-efficiency analysis
D) Cost-disease analysis

Question 9

A nurse is examining the incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates of colon cancer in the community. Which of the following measures of life is being investigated?

A) Quality adjusted life year (QALY)
B) Quantity of life
C) Disability adjusted life year (DALY)
D) Satisfaction of life

Question 10

A nurse is assessing a low-income population in a community. Which of the following would be most appropriate for this population?

A) HIV screening
B) Blood pressure screening
C) Colorectal cancer screening
D) Breast cancer mammography screening

Question 11

Which represents a disadvantage of screening?

A) Utilization of group screening methods
B) Utilization of multiple test screening
C) Utilization of a test with high specificity
D) Utilization of a test with low sensitivity

Question 12

Which is an example of asymptomatic pathogenesis?

A) Blood pressure of 170/98 experiencing headaches
B) Positive finding on colonoscopy and blood in his or her stool
C) Elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
D) Elevated TSH who is always tired

Question 13

A nurse is educating a group of community members about how hypertension screening is effective in reducing the rate of cardiovascular disease, thus reducing the expenses that are spent on management of this disease. Which of the following ratios is being described?

A) Cost-disease analysis
B) Cost-efficiency analysis
C) Cost-benefit ratio analysis
D) Cost-effectiveness analysis

Question 14

Influenza occurs among Americans at a rate of 36 per 100 people annually. Which type of rate is this statement describing?

A) Prevalence rate
B) Incidence rate
C) Morbidity rate
D) Mortality rate

Question 15

An occupational health nurse is planning a cholesterol screening with the employees at the factory. Which of the following would be an advantage of conducting this screening?

A) Allows for the beginning of a multiple test screening process
B) Provides an opportunity for health education
C) Allows for preliminary diagnosis of coronary artery disease
D) Provides the opportunity for a referral to a physician

Question 16

A nurse is planning to offer a depression screening at a local community center. Which of the following should be considered prior to implementation of the program?

A) Limited referral sources in the community
B) Limited support groups in the community
C) Insufficient evidence that depression screening tools are cost effective
D) Insufficient evidence mental health screening is appropriate

Question 17

A nurse is implementing a test that screens for hypercholesterolemia. Which of the following parameters should this test have?

A) No cutoff point
B) Low cutoff point
C) Intermediate cutoff point
D) High cutoff point

Question 18

During a screening, a test with a high specificity and low sensitivity is utilized. Which of the following issues could arise by using this test?

A) Ethical issues
B) Race issues
C) Gender issues
D) Cultural issues

Question 19

A nurse determined the interobserver reliability of a blood pressure reading. Which of the following describes the method that was used by the nurse?

A) Blood pressure readings of 124/82 were obtained two days in a row by two different nurses.
B) Three consecutive blood pressure readings of 124/82 were obtained by the same nurse.
C) Blood pressure readings of 124/82 in the right arm and 124/82 in the left arm were obtained.
D) A blood pressure reading of 124/82 was obtained immediately followed by another blood pressure reading of 147/92.

Question 20

A nurse is using a sweat test to screen people for cystic fibrosis. Which of the following results demonstrates poor sensitivity?

A) When 6 out of every 10 sweat tests performed are negative, but the six individuals actually have cystic fibrosis
B) When 6 out of every 10 sweat tests performed are positive, but the six individuals do not actually have cystic fibrosis
C) When 6 out of every 10 sweat tests performed are negative, and the six individuals really do not have cystic fibrosis
D) When 6 out of every 10 sweat tests performed are positive, and the six individuals really do have cystic fibrosis

Question 21

Which of the following women should be screened for breast cancer?

A) A 35-year old woman with three children and no family history of breast cancer
B) A 59-year-old woman with no children who still gets her period every month
C) A 25-year-old woman with one child whom she gave birth to when she was a teenager
D) A 17-year-old woman with one child who started menstruating at the age of 13

Question 22

A nurse is speaking to a women's group in the community about the importance of completing mammography to screen for breast cancer. At which age should the nurse recommend that mammography begin?

A) 18
B) 21
C) 35
D) 40

Question 23

Which of the following is an example of screening? (select all that apply)

A) Asking if someone performs self-breast exam
B) Performing a self-breast exam
C) Obtaining a mammogram
D) Undergoing a needle biopsy

Question 24

A nurse is reviewing the chart of a 15-year-old girl who has been sexually active since the age of 12. Which of the following findings would be of most concern?

A) She does not perform self-breast exams.
B) She has never had a Pap test.
C) She had one HIV test performed at the age of 13.
D) She does not use birth control pills.

Question 25

A nurse is assessing a community and is trying to determine the appropriateness of conducting a Type 2 diabetes screening in the community. Which of the following questions would the nurse need to answer when making this decision? (select all that apply)

A) Is Type 2 diabetes considered a community problem?
B) What are the health benefits of screening for Type 2 diabetes?
C) Can Type 2 diabetes be detected by screening?
D) What is the cost-benefit ratio of implementing this screening?

Question 26

To screen for colorectal cancer, colonoscopy should be conducted every 10 years beginning at age:

A) 30.
B) 40.
C) 50.
D) 60.

Question 27

For which of the following is Type 2 diabetes mellitus screening recommended?

A) Overweight woman
B) Teenager
C) Man with hypertension
D) Woman with a family history of Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Question 28

A nurse is planning a comprehensive health promotion activity to provide community members with a better opportunity to manage their own risk. Which of the following activities would be most appropriate for the nurse to perform?

A) Obtaining blood pressures and cholesterol levels during a screening
B) Obtaining blood pressures and family histories during a screening
C) Obtaining blood pressures and discussing the importance of exercise during a screening
D) Obtaining blood pressures, cholesterol levels, and glucose levels during a screening