Deck 8: Social and Personal Relationships

Question 1

How are emotions and moods different?

A) Emotions are relatively enduring whereas moods are short lived.
B) Emotions have an identifiable cause whereas moods do not.
C) Emotions are specific feelings whereas moods are more general.
D) Emotions affect communication but moods do not.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Your text described five stages in the grieving process. Which of the following was not among them?

A) depression
B) retribution
C) bargaining
D) anger

Answer 2

C

Question 3

During a counseling session with his wife, Edith, Harris frequently rolled his eyes, made rude and condescending remarks, and openly mocked Edith in front of their counselor. Harris's emotional state could best be described as:

A) hostile
B) arrogant
C) contemptuous
D) disrespectful

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following statements about communication technology is true?

A) People cannot experience genuine emotion caused by a technological device.
B) Social networking sites such as Facebook diminish people's capacity for emotion.
C) Online support communities are a viable option for helping people deal with a difficult situation.
D) The use of emoticons does not accurately convey emotion in computer-mediated communication.

Question 5

According to your text, women are more likely than men to experience:

A) emotional jealousy
B) anger
C) surprise
D) contempt

Question 6

Which of the following statements about cultural displays of emotion is NOT true?

A) After contact with Western cultures, pre-literate cultures tend to adopt Western display rules.
B) There is little cultural variation in the way that people express primary emotions.
C) There is some cultural variation in the way that cultures define primary emotions.
D) Emotional display rules are likely to be directly affected by biological structures.

Question 7

This emotion involves feelings of joy and surprise, along with experiences of excitement and attraction for another person:

A) liking
B) love
C) attachment
D) passion

Question 8

A multi-dimensional response to any event that enhances or inhibits your goals is know as a(n):

A) communicative response
B) feeling
C) emotion
D) action tendency

Question 9

Regarding the relationship between jealousy and envy, which of the following is true?

A) Jealousy is focused on material things, whereas envy is focused on relationships.
B) Envy involves wanting something that another person has.
C) Jealousy is a primary emotion; envy is a secondary emotion.
D) Envy and jealousy are the same emotion.

Question 10

All of the following statements about the amygdala are true EXCEPT:

A) The amygdala is a small cluster of neurons in the spinal cord.
B) In response to fear, the amygdala causes our heart and breathing rates to increase.
C) The amygdala responds to several primary emotions.
D) The amygdala causes stress hormone levels to rise when we feel afraid.

Question 11

__________ is the emotion we experience when we feel we have been wronged in some way.

A) disgust
B) jealousy
C) anger
D) contempt

Question 12

Soldiers decline treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder primarily because:

A) they feel confused about having the condition
B) they feel fear that their comrades will stigmatize them
C) they feel ashamed of being a soldier
D) they fear the doctors and medical personnel who might treat them

Question 13

When one member of a group spreads his or her emotional state to the others, ___________ has taken place.

A) emotional expressiveness
B) a sympathetic emotional response
C) emotional synchrony
D) emotional contagion

Question 14

Which of the following emotions has a neutral valence?

A) surprise
B) happiness
C) contentment
D) positivity

Question 15

Hancock's study of emotional contagion online found all of the following EXCEPT?

A) Sad participants produced more words than non-sad participants.
B) Partners of sad participants felt sad themselves.
C) Sad participants communicated in a more depressed manner.
D) Sad participants exchanged their messages at a slower rate than non-sad participants.

Question 16

Which of the following emotions is derived from the product of your overall evaluation of another person?

A) liking
B) love
C) interest
D) affection

Question 17

During a normal, calm conversation with your friend, you begin to notice that you feel very uncomfortable. Your stomach is in knots, your palms are sweaty, and your legs feel a little weak. You start to wonder what is going on and then you remember that, before talking to your friend, you were nervous because you have a test in an hour. This example illustrates the fact that:

A) emotions are behavioral
B) emotions are cognitive
C) emotions are physiological
D) none of these

Question 18

The action tendency for this emotion is to hide or disappear from others:

A) anger
B) disgust
C) shame
D) fear

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a primary emotion?

A) jealousy
B) anger
C) contempt
D) remorse

Question 20

This display rule involves acting as though you're indifferent or emotionless when you are actually experiencing an emotion:

A) de-intensification
B) inhibition
C) simulation
D) masking

Question 21

People who can accurately identify which emotion they're feeling are best equipped to manage their emotions in productive ways.

Question 22

Women are more likely than men to respond to jealousy by trying to make their partners jealous.

Question 23

People raised in collectivistic cultures typically express more negative emotion to outsiders than do people raised in individualistic cultures.

Question 24

People who score highly on this personality trait are more likely than others to experience anger, guilt, anxiety, and depression:

A) extroversion
B) psychoticism
C) neuroticism
D) agreeableness

Question 25

Remorse is a secondary emotion composed of disgust and fear.

Question 26

Compare and contrast a) jealousy and envy; b) liking and love; and c) sadness and depression.

Question 27

Explain and provide a concrete example of meta-emotion.

Question 28

Using concrete examples, briefly explain how emotions are physiological, cognitive, social, and behavioral experiences.

Question 29

_______________ is a condition in which people lack the ability to understand, describe, and process emotions.

A) neuroticism
B) emotional processing deficit disorder
C) emotional underexpression
D) alexithymia

Question 30

Social anxiety is a rare and serious psychological disorder.

Question 31

This process involves changing the way you think about the situation that gave rise to a negative emotion:

A) emotional contagion
B) emotional reappraisal
C) emotional intelligence
D) alexithymia

Question 32

In the expression of emotion, androgynous people:

A) are more emotionally expressive than highly feminine people
B) are more emotionally expressive than highly masculine people
C) express more emotions like passion and joy
D) express less emotion than either masculine or feminine individuals

Question 33

Using you-statements to describe your emotions is problematic because:

A) it provides specific prescriptions for change
B) it fails to acknowledge the part you play in determining your feelings
C) it involves blaming yourself for your emotions
D) it doesn't allow you to separate emotions from actions

Question 34

Identify and briefly define each of the five stages of grief.

Question 35

Social practices and messages influence both the emotions we feel and the ways in which we react to emotions.

Question 36

Whereas sadness is an emotion, depression is an illness.

Question 37

The emotional contagion effect applies only to positive emotions, such as happiness.

Question 38

Denying and suppressing felt emotions can contribute to a number of health problems.

Question 39

Emotions generally last longer than moods.

Question 40

In every measurable way, women are more emotional than men.

Question 41

We use the terms positive and negative when referring to an emotion's valence, but even negative emotions can be useful. According to some researchers, in fact, every emotion is useful to us in some way. Using what you know, explain why the emotions of sadness, anger, disgust, and jealousy can actually be good for us, even though we experience these emotions as negative.

Question 42

Emotional skills training, or "sensitivity training" as it is sometimes called, helps people recognize, understand, and manage emotions in complex social environments like the workplace or the military. Imagine that you are asked to give one of these presentations to your coworkers. Create a short summary of how you would approach this topic and what you would include in your presentation. Using skills you've learned in this chapter, suggest at least two techniques each for helping people recognize, understand, and effectively manage their emotions in the workplace.

Question 43

In a brief essay, discuss the relative importance of sex and gender in the way that people experience and express their emotions. Provide clear, reasoned arguments and use concrete examples to illustrate the points that you are trying to make.

Question 44

Define and give examples of Ekman and Friesen's five display rules.

Question 45

All of the sad/anxious emotions discussed in the chapter carry with them a tendency to promote withdrawal from other people. Of the five mentioned, select one that you feel is particularly problematic for individuals who experience it. Next, using specific information and concrete examples, discuss why you feel this particular emotion can be so damaging. Be sure to compare and contrast it with the other sad/anxious emotions to support your choice. Finally, offer people who might be afflicted with this emotional state some hope by suggesting ways they can work through it.

Question 46

In the service of social harmony, politeness often discourages the expression of negative emotions (even if they are felt) and encourages the expression of positive emotions (even if they aren't felt). In what ways is this good for the individual and/or the society? In what ways is it bad? Using what you know about emotion, make a case for and a case against politeness (as it relates to emotional expression).

Question 47

Cultural norms (including those of co-cultures) can be a powerful influence over what is considered proper or improper in the display of emotion. Begin by discussing ways in which cultures appear to be the same in the way they express emotions. Next, talk about some of these cultural differences. Finally, generate at least two pieces of advice you would give to someone about understanding and respecting cultural variation in the expression of emotion.

Question 48

Using a concrete example, describe the process of emotional reappraisal and indicate its potential benefits.