Deck 9: Family and Intimate Relationships

Question 1

_______________ is the force that draws people together.

A) physical attraction
B) psychic attraction
C) task attraction
D) interpersonal attraction

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT an emotional reward commonly associated with close relationships?

A) comfort
B) happiness
C) emotional continuity
D) empathy

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following statements about similarity is NOT true?

A) Forming relationships with people unlike ourselves is more interesting and enjoyable.
B) Forming relationships with people like ourselves is socially validating.
C) Genetically, we are inclined to help people who are similar to ourselves.
D) Spending time with people like ourselves makes us feel better about ourselves.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Friendships and other social relationships often involve this type of rewards:

A) emotional
B) material
C) health
D) all of these

Question 5

Which of the following is one of the friendship rules identified in a study by communication researchers Argyle and Henderson?

A) Protect your friend from potential threats.
B) Don't tell your friend information that might hurt his or her feelings.
C) Don't be jealous of your friend's other friends.
D) Routinely tell your friend that you care about him or her.

Question 6

Regarding sex differences in friendships, which of the following is NOT true?

A) Same-sex friendships are more important to women than they are to men.
B) Male-male friendships emphasize shared activities and common interests.
C) Female-female friendships emphasize conversational and emotional expressiveness.
D) Both women and men see their opposite-sex friends as more loyal and helpful than their same-sex friends.

Question 7

Which of the following represents a peer relationship for you?

A) a graduate student instructor who teaches a class you're taking
B) your sister because you are siblings in the same family
C) your boss because he works at the same company as you do
D) your parents because you are from the same family

Question 8

When you meet Carrie, you are drawn to her as a friend because she is an excellent piano player, just like you are. That is an example of what form of attraction?

A) social attraction
B) physical attraction
C) competence attraction
D) task attraction

Question 9

This is your realistic expectation of what you think you deserve from a relationship:

A) comparison level for alternatives
B) comparison level
C) complementarity assessment
D) predicted outcome value

Question 10

In the _____________ stage of friendship, people begin to drift apart and might lose contact with one another.

A) nascent friendship
B) waning friendship
C) declining friendship
D) drifting friendship

Question 11

This theory says that each of us is born with a fundamental drive to seek, form, maintain, and protect strong social relationships:

A) equity theory
B) need to belong theory
C) attraction theory
D) predicted outcome value theory

Question 12

Janice and Stephanie have been close friends for some time. When Stephanie recently lost her job, she couldn't afford her rent anymore and was on the verge of homelessness. Janice invited her to stay in her guest room for as long as needed. While there, Stephanie does some of the cooking. According to equity theory, which of the following statements about this relationship scenario is true?

A) Stephanie is currently over-benefited in their relationship.
B) Stephanie is investing less in their relationship than Janice right now.
C) This relationship will survive a period of brief inequity as long as long-term equity is maintained.
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 13

This theory predicts that the more we learn about someone, the more we like that person:

A) social exchange theory
B) uncertainty reduction theory
C) attraction theory
D) equity theory

Question 14

Which of the following reasons is most commonly cited for ending a friendship due to changes in life circumstances?

A) having a child
B) moving away
C) getting married
D) experiencing an illness in the family

Question 15

Which of the following statements about friendships is NOT true?

A) Friendships are voluntary.
B) Friendships are governed by rules.
C) Friendships are the same in both sexes.
D) Friendships usually occur between peers.

Question 16

When we experience any form of attraction for someone else, we are likely to engage in ___________________, behaviors that signal our interest in another person.

A) liking behaviors
B) attraction behaviors
C) approach behaviors
D) initiation behaviors

Question 17

When you establish a friendship with a supervisor at work, it is a good idea to establish _______________ to prevent potential problems.

A) ground rules
B) a friendship pact
C) safe words
D) relational commitment

Question 18

In the ______________ stage of friendship, people begin to think of themselves as friends and their communication becomes more personal.

A) friendly relations
B) moves toward friendship
C) nascent friendship
D) stabilized friendship

Question 19

Which of the following statements about potential health benefits of relationships is true?

A) People with more social contacts put themselves at greater risk for illnesses like a cold.
B) People with strong social networks are more than twice as likely to survive a heart attack.
C) A lack of social relationships increases the risk of mortality, but not on the same level as smoking, heart disease, or obesity.
D) When friends share their problems with us, it increases our stress and can actually make us less healthy.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about opposite-sex friendships is NOT true?

A) They provide men a chance to be emotionally expressive and women a chance to engage in shared activities.
B) They often contain some degree of sexual or physical attraction.
C) According to one study, about half of college students engage in sexual behavior with their opposite-sex friends.
D) They are almost always closer than same-sex friendships.

Question 21

Discuss the differences between Berger and Calabrese's uncertainty reduction theory and Sunnafrank's predicted outcome value theory.

Question 22

Smoking cigarettes is worse for your health than not having close friendships.

Question 23

Research indicates that becoming friends with your customers is almost always bad for business.

Question 24

Which type of sexual harassment includes requesting romantic or sexual favors in return for preferential treatment at work?

A) hostile work environment
B) sexual bargaining
C) quid pro quo
D) harassing requests

Question 25

When it comes to forming friendships, similarity is good and complementarity is bad.

Question 26

When forming friendships, people find several forms of similarity to be attractive. According to research, which of the following is true?

A) Cognitive similarity is not influential at any stage of friendship formation.
B) Attitude similarity is the strongest predictor of initial attraction.
C) People generally see attitude similarity as a bad thing.
D) Similarity in personalities is the strongest predictor of initial attraction.

Question 27

Work relationships usually involve both a task dimension and a social dimension.

Question 28

According to the need to belong, we need relationships that are both emotionally close and interactive.

Question 29

Uncertainty reduction theory suggests that people get to know each other if they believe the effort will be worth it.

Question 30

According to equity theory, it's better to be equally benefited than to be overbenefited.

Question 31

Other things being equal, we are more likely to form social relationships with people we see often than with people we don't.

Question 32

Compare and contrast the concepts of comparison level and comparison level for alternatives, using examples for each.

Question 33

Let's say you're friends with your co-worker, Eric, who's up for a promotion. Which of the following reflects the task dimension of your relationship?

A) Based on his performance, you don't feel Eric deserves the promotion.
B) As his friend, you want Eric to get the promotion.
C) If Eric doesn't get the promotion, you will console him and help cheer him up.
D) All of these are examples of the task dimension of your relationship.

Question 34

A good relationship does not involve any sort of cost to you.

Question 35

Just because friendship is voluntary, that doesn't mean we choose our friends arbitrarily.

Question 36

Identify and briefly define each of the five relational maintenance behaviors described by Stafford and Canary.

Question 37

Define and give concrete examples of the emotional, material, and health rewards of strong social relationships.

Question 38

Which of the following statements about relationships with clients at work is correct?

A) A good relationship with clients is the single greatest predictor of job satisfaction.
B) Companies often encourage their employees to develop close, personal friendships with their clients to help sales.
C) Having friendships with clients reduces some of the pressure or expectation related to job performance.
D) Close friendships with clients can put workers in an uncomfortable or unethical position.

Question 39

Research shows that this is positively related to your job satisfaction:

A) being friends with your co-workers and boss
B) being friends with your customers or clients
C) maintaining personal boundaries at work
D) all of these

Question 40

Friendship rules are almost always explicit, rather than implicit.

Question 41

Samuel Taylor Coleridge said, "Friendship is a sheltering tree." Explain the meaning behind this statement, making explicit reference to the emotional, material, and health benefits of friendship. Use examples from your own friendships to illustrate Coleridge's point.

Question 42

Create a guide for managing successful relationships in the workplace. Generate at least two reasoned, well-articulated pieces of advice that you think will help people maintain successful relationships with co-workers, bosses, and customers (six ideas total). Write your responses as if you're actually going to present them to a company's employees. Make sure to include examples to illustrate your ideas.

Question 43

Define the social and task dimensions of work relationships and indicate how they can make social relationships among co-workers challenging.

Question 44

People often stay in relationships that are unsatisfying or even harmful. Use the ideas of social exchange theory and equity theory to explain why this might happen. Next, talk about ways that friends and family members might be able to persuade their loved ones to abandon these detrimental relationships.

Question 45

Much gets made of the benefits of friendship, but suppose you were asked to argue against having friends. Using what you've learned in this chapter, make a reasoned argument against friendship. Why should people avoid making friends? Your argument should be sound and should make explicit reference to concepts covered in this chapter.

Question 46

Explain what it means that friendships are typically between peers, and give examples of friendships in which this is not true.

Question 47

Pick a friend of yours with whom you've had a relationship for at least three months. Identify this friend and provide a brief description of your relationship. Next, evaluate your relationship in terms of social exchange theory. Make sure to include as many parts of the theory as you can.

Question 48

There are four specific factors that drive interpersonal attraction: appearance, proximity, similarity, and complementarity. Define what each of these terms means and discuss their importance in the process of interpersonal attraction. Next, identify one of these factors as the single most important in the process of attraction. Make an argument for this factor and against the others in the context of both friendship and romantic relationships.