Deck 12: Spread of Infection

Question 1

Osteomyelitis most often occurs in the mandible BECAUSE of the mandible's thicker cortical plates and reduced vascularization.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but NOT related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT.
D) The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following signs and symptoms CANNOT be used to describe cavernous sinus thrombosis?

A) Fever
B) Drowsiness
C) Bradycardia
D) Rapid pulse

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following disease states can DIRECTLY cause a periapical abscess?

A) Periodontal disease
B) Chronic gingivitis
C) Progressive caries
D) Dentigerous cyst formation

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Upon intraoral examination of a patient's palate, you notice the presence of an abscess. Which teeth can be involved with the clinical presentation of this abscess?

A) Maxillary molars: buccal surface and buccal roots
B) Maxillary lateral incisors: lingual surfaces and roots; maxillary premolars: lingual surfaces and roots; and maxillary molars: lingual surfaces and roots
C) Maxillary anterior teeth: all surfaces and roots; maxillary posterior teeth: buccal surfaces and roots
D) Maxillary molars: buccal surfaces and buccal roots; mandibular first and second molars: buccal surfaces and buccal roots

Question 5

Which of the following is KEY to preventing complications with odontogenic infections in patients?

A) Sterilizing instruments
B) Covering hard operatory surfaces
C) Using mouthwashes
D) Early diagnosis and treatment

Question 6

Which of the following symptoms is NOT related to an infection of the paranasal sinuses that resulted from a direct spread of infection from the teeth and associated oral tissue?

A) Headache
B) Pharyngeal discharge
C) Hypothermia
D) Tenderness

Question 7

Which of the following terms BEST describes the infectious process created by normal flora because the body's defenses are compromised?

A) Normal flora
B) Suppuration
C) Opportunistic infections
D) Perforation

Question 8

Which of the following infections initially and DIRECTLY involves teeth and associated tissue?

A) Odontogenic infection
B) Lymphadenitis
C) Endophthalmitis
D) Otitis media

Question 9

A dental professional SHOULD understand the infectious process that allows microorganisms to create disease. Certain nonresident microorganisms can invade and initiate an infection.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 10

Which of the following disease states can DIRECTLY cause the spread of dental infections by way of the vascular system?

A) Fistula
B) Bacteremia
C) Pustule
D) Abscess

Question 11

Evaluation of lymph node involvement can BEST determine which of the following?

A) Healing level of patient
B) Etiology of infection
C) Age of the patient
D) Regional involvement

Question 12

Which of the following disease states may be involved in an odontogenic infection that has an inflammation of the bone marrow?

A) Osteomyelitis
B) Paresthesia
C) Cellulitis
D) Meningitis

Question 13

From what case histories do MOST odontogenic infections in patients result from?

A) Dermatologic infections
B) Upper respiratory infection
C) Dental biofilm (plaque)
D) Sinusitis

Question 14

Early detection of an abscess is imperative in order to avoid destruction of dental tissue. Early detection of an abscess is BEST accomplished with the use of dental radiographs.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 15

Which of the following signs OR symptoms CANNOT be used to describe cellulitis of the face and neck?

A) Pain
B) Tenderness
C) Redness
D) Systemic infection

Question 16

Which of the following complications can result from untreated cellulitis?

A) Bell's palsy
B) Ludwig angina
C) Trigeminal neuralgia
D) Transient facial paralysis

Question 17

An infected thrombus can dislodge from the inner blood vessel wall and travel as an embolus. Emboli can travel in the veins, draining the oral cavity into areas such as the dural venous sinuses within the oral cavity.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 18

When a patient complains of burning and prickling in the mandible, more than likely he or she has a condition known as Ludwig's angina BECAUSE an infection from the entrapment of pathogens or normal flora with suppuration has become encased in that area.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but NOT related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT.
D) The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 19

The loss of which of the following is noted during an examination of a patient with abducens nerve paralysis?

A) Hearing
B) Smelling sensation
C) Eyeball movement
D) Tongue movement

Question 20

Which of the following terms is BEST used to describe an infection with suppuration resulting from the entrapment of pathogens in a contained space?

A) Cellulitis
B) Abscess
C) Fistula
D) Embolus

Question 21

Which of the following factors is important in the spread of odontogenic infections from their involvement with gram-negative anaerobic bacteria?

A) Adaption to wet environment
B) Increased metabolism
C) Beta-lactamase enzyme
D) Thicker cell walls

Question 22

Using an antiseptic oral rinse before treatment, a rubber dam, or an antimicrobial-laced external water supply during treatment when ultrasonics or irrigators are used may be of help in preventing the spread of infection.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but NOT related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT.
D) The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 23

From the following list of fascial spaces, select those that can be DIRECTLY involved in the spread of infection concerning Ludwig's angina.

A) Infratemporal space
B) Retropharyngeal space
C) Parapharyngeal space
D) Submandibular space

Question 24

From the list of situations, select those which can spread dental infections.

A) Vascular system
B) Paranasal sinuses
C) Fascial spaces
D) Lymphatics

Question 25

Since the apices of the mandibular second and third molars are inferior to the mylohyoid muscle, an infection here will MOST likely spread directly to the sublingual space.

A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but NOT related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is NOT.
D) The statement is NOT correct, but the reason is correct.
E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 26

From the list of descriptions, select those that involve bacteremia and its complications.

A) Lodging of bacteria in compromised tissue
B) Need for psychological premedication
C) Low risk of infective endocarditis
D) Set up of deep serious heart infection

Question 27

A thorough medical history with periodic updates will allow the dental professional to perform safe treatment of medically compromised patients and avoid serious complications due to dental diseases. These patients may require antibiotic premedication before dental treatment or other changes in the dental treatment plan so as to prevent serious sequelae.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.

Question 28

What recent procedure performed in the community has increased the cases of Ludwig's angina?

A) Tongue piercing
B) Tooth jewelry
C) Ear piercing
D) Laser hair removal

Question 29

From the list of descriptions, select those that describe components that may be involved as infection resistance factors in the oral cavity.

A) Gram-positive aerobic bacteria
B) Beta-lactamase enzyme production
C) Penicillin-susceptible pathogens
D) Lipase enzyme production

Question 30

From the following list of case histories, select those that have a high risk of opportunistic infections.

A) AIDS/HIV
B) Diabetes
C) Cancer
D) Transplant therapy