Deck 14: Feeding the World

Question 1

In some cultures, the amount of food available to certain individuals is based on

A) age and gender.
B) birth order and genetic endowments.
C) educational level and control of income.
D) Each of these could contribute to the amount of food available to family members.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Overfishing has severely reduced the numbers of many marine species.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Minerals and fossil fuels are examples of ______ resources.

A) non-renewable
B) renewable
C) sustainable

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Poverty is central to the problem of hunger and undernutrition.

Question 5

In populations where hunger is a chronic problem, there is a cycle of malnutrition. Explain the consequences of malnutrition for each stage of the lifecycle depicted in this graph. What are the primary causes of malnutrition throughout the lifecycle?

Question 6

Well over half of all deaths in children under 5 years are due to infectious disease.

Question 7

Stunted, malnourished women are more likely than others to give birth to low-birth-weight infants.

Question 8

Cultural practices may be a factor that causes food shortages. Why in some cultures might women and girls be at increased risk for food shortage?

Question 9

_______ describes the changes in diet, physical activity, health, and nutrition that occur as less developed countries become more prosperous.

A) Affluencing
B) Global redistribution
C) Nutrition transition
D) Reformation

Question 10

Under-nutrition, but not over-nutrition, is a major contributor to the global burden of chronic disease and disability.

Question 11

How can lack of health care increase the incidence of undernutrition?

Question 12

About 90% of the world's population growth is occurring in less-developed countries.

Question 13

The underlying cause of food insecurity is inequitable distribution of whatever food is available.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding undernutrition and overnutrition?

A) Economies in transition have a greater problem with underweight than overweight.
B) Overweight is more of a problem in developed countries as compared to developing countries.
C) Overweight is not a problem in developing countries.
D) Underweight is found only in the least developed countries.

Question 15

Nutrition transition may have a negative environmental impact by depleting non-renewable resources.

Question 16

According to the incidence of under-weight and over-weight around the world, the number of undernourished people exceeds the number who is overweight.

Question 17

All of the following are effects of nutrition transition EXCEPT

A) life expectancy declines.
B) rates of nutrient deficiencies decrease.
C) rates of heart disease increase.
D) there is an increased reliance on animal protein as a dietary food source.

Question 18

How can lack of education lead to undernutrition?

Question 19

A higher number of low-birth-weight infants means a higher infant mortality rate.

Question 20

Abdominal obesity in adulthood is more common in those who have experienced childhood stunting.

Question 21

The first goal of the United Nations Millennium Summit is to

A) end poverty and hunger.
B) improve child health.
C) improve environmental sustainability.
D) improve maternal health.

Question 22

The land and other resources available to produce food are limited. Explain what renewable resources are, why they may contribute to food shortages, and how to prevent this from occurring.

Question 23

The main cause of food insecurity in the United States is

A) lack of cooking facilities.
B) lack of education.
C) limited access to transportation.
D) poverty.

Question 24

A lack of iron reduces the amount of _____ produced, and thus lowers the blood's ability to deliver oxygen.

A) hemoglobin
B) fat
C) xerophthalmia
D) vitamin A

Question 25

Mary is a 23 year old single mother, with a 5 year old daughter who is in kindergarten and an 8 year old son who is in the 3rd grade. Mary has a 10th grade education. To support her family, Mary works 9 hours each day 6 days each week cleaning homes. Mary's family lives in government-subsidized housing; they have a 2 bedroom apartment that has a small kitchen with a microwave, small refrigerator that has a small ice box, and a stove. Mary has no car, she takes public transportation to work. There is a small, family-owned grocery stored 3 blocks from Mary's home, where she walks to purchase her groceries. Mary's mother, who is in poor health and has a limited income, takes care of her children when they are not in school and on the weekends while Mary is working. Part A - Describe Mary's cycle of poverty as it relates to food insecurity, Part B - Describe one food insecurity issue that Mary's family is experiencing within their home and one external to their home.

Question 26

Income level in the United States is directly correlated with

A) geographic location of the home relative to a major city.
B) level of education of the primary wage earner.
C) number of family members in the home.
D) none of these.

Question 27

Of the following, who is least likely to be at risk for undernutrition?

A) Marie, a 23 year-old pregnant female
B) Susie, a 12 year-old female
C) Helen, an 85 year-old female who has Alzheimer's disease
D) Sophia, a 20 year-old female college student

Question 28

Several nutrient deficiencies have recently re-emerged as problems throughout the world, including the following deficiency diseases: beri beri, scurvy, and pellagra. Which nutrients, in the order that matches the deficiency diseases listed, are responsible for these diseases?

A) Vitamin C, niacin, thiamin
B) Niacin, vitamin C, thiamin
C) Thiamin, vitamin C, niacin
D) Niacin, thiamin, vitamin C

Question 29

Lack of education can be both a cause as well as a consequence of poverty.

Question 30

Which of the following is FALSE regarding goiter?

A) Goiter is caused by an iodine deficiency.
B) Iodine deficiency in children and adults is associated with apathy and decreased initiative.
C) Children with iodine deficiency have lowered IQs.
D) Goiter is only seen in adults.

Question 31

Xerophthalmia, as shown in this visual, is a leading cause of preventable blindness due to a deficiency of

A) calcium.
B) iodine.
C) iron.
D) vitamin A.

Question 32

Deficiency of _____ has been found in China, New Zealand, and the Russian Federation where soil content is low.

A) calcium
B) molybdenum
C) selenium
D) zinc

Question 33

The large number of children in this impoverished Cambodian family is indicative of the population growth in developing countries. Why is it that lack of education among women contributes to increased birth rate, such as is observed in Cambodia?

Question 34

The high nutrient needs of pregnant and lactating women and small children put them at particular risk for undernutrition.

Question 35

Based on this visual, explain the relationship between education and poverty.

Question 36

Programs that foster economic development and ensure access to food, shelter, and medical care have been shown to cause _____ in birth rates.

A) a decrease
B) an increase
C) no change

Question 37

A food desert is an area that lacks access to affordable nutrient-dense foods.

Question 38

Goiter, as seen here, is a caused by an _____ deficiency.

A) calcium
B) iodine
C) iron
D) vitamin A

Question 39

Based on the research depicted in this pie chart, the majority of Americans live in food insecure households.

Question 40

The infant mortality rate within the U.S. is the same for all age groups and ethnicities.

Question 41

The World Health Organization recommends that infants be exclusively breast fed for the first ____ months of life.

A) 4
B) 6
C) 9
D) 12

Question 42

Increased knowledge and availability of contraceptives is linked to _____ in birth rate in developing countries.

A) a decrease
B) an increase
C) no change

Question 43

A major reason for large families in many cultures is to due high death rates.

Question 44

Many of the food assistance programs are based on income.

Question 45

When infant mortality rates are high in developing countries, people choose to have fewer children.

Question 46

An agricultural shift to increased production of cash crops has the following effects EXCEPT:

A) a greater proportion of local resources are used to produce crops for export.
B) this change will have little impact on availability of food for the local population.
C) the country's cash flow improves.
D) there is a danger that less land remains for subsistence crops.

Question 47

The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children targets children up to how many years of age?

A) Less than 2
B) Less than 5
C) Less than 10
D) Less than 12

Question 48

The ____ provides free congregate meals in churches, schools, and senior centers.

A) Child and Adult Care Food Program
B) National School Lunch Program
C) Nutrition Program for the Elderly
D) Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

Question 49

Compare and contrast 3 of the food assistance programs available in the U.S.

Question 50

It is estimated that over ____ percent of America's food goes to waste each year.

A) 10
B) 15
C) 20
D) 25

Question 51

Many countries have adopted programs to supplement children older than 6 months and pregnant women with

A) calcium.
B) iodine.
C) iron.
D) vitamin B₁₂.

Question 52

As seen in this bar graph, the percentage of women in the least developed countries is increasing, in part to the increasing availability of contraceptives and family planning efforts.

Question 53

The majority of food assistance programs require the users to complete nutrition education sessions before the benefits are shared.

Question 54

This picture illustrates a sustainable farm. Answer the following questions: What is a sustainable farm? How does growing a different crop in a field each year, having both crops and livestock, and including biological diversity in crops and animals, each promote the sustainable farm concept?

Question 55

Golden rice is a genetically modified variety of rice developed to provide _______ to populations in which this deficiency is prevalent.

A) calcium
B) iodine
C) iron
D) vitamin A

Question 56

One of every four Americans receives some kind of food assistance.

Question 57

Feeding America is a government-sponsored, federally funded program.

Question 58

All of the following are advantages of organic farming as compared to conventional farming EXCEPT:

A) fewer pollutants are released into the environment.
B) higher crop yields.
C) increased biological diversity of crops.
D) reduced use of agricultural chemicals.

Question 59

Golden rice is an example of biofortification.

Question 60

A cash crop is one that is grown to feed the farmer's family.

Question 61

Do you believe the cost to develop and produce Golden Rice will be worth it?