Deck 6: Clinical Assessments and Sonographic Procedures

Question 1

Which of the following statements about the SCAN is untrue?

A) It was developed by the Society of Diagnostic Medical Sonographers.
B) Its electronic counterpart is the mSCAN.
C) It contains specialty-specific master proficiency lists.
D) A completed SCAN is a record of an individual learner's clinical competency.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which patient position is used whenever fetal parts obscure the lower uterine segment or the fetal lie prevents suitable imaging of the fetal head?

A) Trendelenburg
B) Modified Fowler
C) Lateral
D) Upright/erect

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Cordocentesis, a diagnostic test that examines blood from the fetal umbilical cord to detect fetal abnormalities, is also known as:

A) chorionic villus sampling.
B) amniocentesis.
C) fetoscopy.
D) percutaneous umbilical blood sampling.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The acronym SCAN stands for:

A) sonography clinical aptitude notebook.
B) sonography clinical assessment notebook.
C) sonographers' community access network.
D) sonography competency and networking.

Question 5

Which position is helpful in scanning a gallbladder in an extremely high position under the rib cage?

A) Supine
B) Modified Fowler
C) Upright/erect
D) Prone

Question 6

Which of the following laboratory tests is not associated with the digestive tract?

A) AST
B) ALT
C) CBC
D) Bilirubin

Question 7

Which of the following statements about abdominal and retroperitoneal sonography is untrue?

A) Evaluation of the abdominal arteries for the presence of an aneurysm is a clinical indication for abdominal sonography.
B) Abdominal sonography should be done after other diagnostic imaging tests that require contrast material.
C) Obesity and dehydration may make it more difficult to obtain satisfactory images of the abdominal organs.
D) Patients should refrain from smoking or chewing gum, because this can introduce air into the stomach.

Question 8

The use of dobutamine is indicated in patients with:

A) musculoskeletal disorders.
B) peripheral vascular disease.
C) neurologic disorders.
D) all of the above.

Question 9

Sonographic modalities most commonly used in echocardiography include all of the following except:

A) TVS.
B) 2D and 3D imaging.
C) M-mode tracings.
D) Doppler flow studies.

Question 10

Areas of quality assurance testing for ultrasound equipment include all of the following except:

A) instrument sensitivity.
B) image photography uniformity.
C) transducer frequency.
D) vertical/horizontal measurement accuracy.

Question 11

Stress echocardiography is performed with the patient in the _____ position.

A) right lateral decubitus
B) left lateral decubitus
C) supine
D) modified Fowler

Question 12

Contrast echocardiography is used to evaluate:

A) mitral regurgitation.
B) GERD.
C) vena caval pressures.
D) tricuspid prolapse.

Question 13

_____ is a noninvasive, 2D, real-time imaging technique used to evaluate cardiac structure and function.

A) TTE
B) TEE
C) ETT
D) TET

Question 14

_____ is an invasive, 2D, real-time cardiac imaging technique that employs the placement of a specialized transducer within the esophagus.

A) TTE
B) TEE
C) ETT
D) TET

Question 15

In what position does the patient lie on his or her side with the arms positioned in front?

A) Lateral
B) Prone
C) Supine
D) Oblique

Question 16

To prevent vena cava hypotension in a patient in an advanced state of pregnancy, place her in the _____ position.

A) upright
B) Trendelenburg
C) prone
D) modified Fowler

Question 17

Which of the following measurements/calculations is not made to assess gestational age?

A) BPD
B) HC
C) CVS
D) AC

Question 18

Regarding ultrasound-guided procedures, which technique(s) typically is(are) used to drain ascites, pleural fluid, and in superficial lesions?

A) Freehand
B) Needle-guided
C) Real-time
D) Both a and b

Question 19

For a transthoracic examination, an index mark should be placed:

A) on the left chest wall.
B) on each side of the 2D transducer.
C) on the sternal notch.
D) above the sternal notch.

Question 20

Also referred to as the dorsal recumbent position, in what position does the patient lie on his or her back with the head and upper shoulders slightly elevated?

A) Lateral
B) Supine
C) Prone
D) Trendelenburg

Question 21

Which of the following statements about vascular sonography is untrue?

A) Duplex sonograms are ordered to determine hemodynamic status of the vascular system and to detect the presence of pathology.
B) Vascular imaging is performed to determine the absence or presence of stenosis, aneurysm, thrombosis, or other pathologic conditions without ionizing radiation or contrast agents.
C) Ultrasound of the cerebrovascular system is not safe for pediatric patients.
D) The vascular sonographer must possess a detailed understanding of normal and abnormal blood flow patterns.

Question 22

The acronym BPD is related to which type of sonographic examination?

A) Abdominal and retroperitoneal
B) Vascular
C) Cardiac
D) Obstetric and gynecologic

Question 23

Before beginning a(n) _____ examination, document the findings of normal and abnormal values of laboratory tests such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase.

A) abdominal and retroperitoneal
B) vascular
C) cardiac
D) obstetric and gynecologic

Question 24

The acronyms LMP and EDD are related to which type of sonographic examination?

A) Abdominal and retroperitoneal
B) Vascular
C) Cardiac
D) Obstetric and gynecologic

Question 25

Which of the following statements about obstetric-gynecologic sonography is untrue?

A) Transvaginal sonography (TVS) usually provides better resolution during the third trimester.
B) Transabdominal probes placed on the anterior abdominal wall or perineum use frequencies of 3.5 MHz or higher, depending on body habitus.
C) Transvaginal probes are closer to the area of interest, so higher frequency transducers are used (5.0 MHz or higher).
D) Sonography is the preferred imaging modality for the female pelvis, mainly because it is nonionizing.