Deck 13: Abrasion, finishing, and Polishing

Question 1

Which of the following is true of abrasive materials in dentifrices?

A) The abrasive agents improve the efficiency of the toothbrush in the removal of stains,food debris,and biofilm.
B) Abrasive agents decrease the light reflected by the enamel.
C) Higher abrasive rankings are desirable to prevent removal of softer tooth structures and restorations.
D) Toothpastes do not contain abrasive materials.

Answer 1

The abrasive agents improve the efficiency of the toothbrush in the removal of stains,food debris,and biofilm.

Question 2

Which statement explains how fine-particle diamonds are supplied?

A) Bonded to rotary cutting shanks or disks
B) Found in designs ranging from 7 to 30 cutting flutes
C) Supplied on rotary disks and handheld finishing strips
D) Supplied in a paste for polishing composite and porcelain restorations

Answer 2

Supplied in a paste for polishing composite and porcelain restorations

Question 3

Which of the following scales ranks materials by their relative resistance to abrasion?

A) Brinell
B) Moh
C) Vickers
D) Knoop

Answer 3

Moh

Question 4

Which of the following is correct regarding staining at the margins of composite restorations due to microleakage?

A) Easily removed with traditional prophy paste
B) Cannot be polished away
C) Should be removed with an air-polishing device
D) Can be removed by polishing for an extended length of time (longer than 5 minutes)

Question 5

Which of the following may be used to remove biofilm from implants without abrading the surface of the titanium?
1)Metal hand instruments
2)Special plastic hand instruments
3)Plastic sheaths for ultrasonic scalers
4)Nonabrasive paste or tin oxide

A) 1,2,3,4
B) 2,3,4
C) 2,4
D) 4

Question 6

Which of the following is true concerning the hardness of porcelain relative to enamel and dentin?

A) Porcelain is harder than enamel and dentin.
B) Porcelain is harder than enamel but softer than dentin.
C) Porcelain is harder than dentin but softer than enamel.
D) Porcelain is softer than enamel and dentin.

Question 7

Polishing the contact area between restored teeth is:

A) desirable for esthetic reasons.
B) undesirable because it may leave an open contact.
C) undesirable because it increases treatment time.
D) desirable for esthetic and functional reasons.

Question 8

The benefits of a properly finished and polished restoration/prosthesis include _____ biofilm retention and _____ resistance to tarnish and corrosion.

A) increased;increased
B) increased;decreased
C) decreased;increased
D) decreased;decreased

Question 9

Abrasive particles that are _____ will cut more efficiently.

A) large and regular
B) large and irregular
C) small and regular
D) small and irregular

Question 10

Why shouldn't prostheses with metal components be placed in dilute acid solutions or hypochlorites (bleach)?

A) Subsequent bad taste when reinserted into the patient's mouth
B) The resultant corrosion of these components
C) Release of hydrogen sulfide gas
D) Darkening of the prostheses

Question 11

When using hand instruments for margination,use very sharp instruments and begin _____ to the margin of the restoration,using a shaving motion in _____ overlapping strokes.

A) coronal;horizontal
B) coronal;vertical
C) apical;diagonal
D) apical;vertical

Question 12

Which of the following is correct about pumice?

A) Frequently found in block form,which is then run onto a rag wheel to polish precious and semiprecious metal alloys in the laboratory
B) Used in coated disks and bonded rotary devices primarily used in finishing procedures
C) A major component of many prophylaxis pastes used to polish tooth structure,dental amalgam,and acrylic bases
D) Used to smooth enamel,or finish metal alloys and ceramic materials

Question 13

Margination may be indicated if the overhang is _____,the contact is _____,and there is no indication of caries.

A) small;open
B) small;closed
C) large;open
D) large;closed

Question 14

Proper finishing,polishing,and cleaning of tooth structures and restorative materials _____ of the restorative material.
1)improves the esthetics
2)improves the tissue health
3)increases the longevity

A) 1,2,3
B) 1,2
C) 1,3
D) 2,3

Question 15

Which of the following is true concerning safety and infection control during finishing and polishing procedures?

A) The use of preprocedure antimicrobials has not been shown to reduce microbial aerosols.
B) Use of the saliva ejector is recommended rather than high-speed evacuation.
C) All laboratory wheels and rotary cutting devices should be sterilized or disinfected.
D) Protective eyewear is not recommended for the patient because it cannot be disinfected.

Question 16

Air polishing utilizes a combination of _____,air,and water at a pressure of approximately 40 psi as an effective and efficient means of removing stains and soft deposits from enamel surfaces.

A) sodium hypochlorite
B) aluminum oxide
C) sodium bicarbonate
D) dilute acids

Question 17

The philosophy of _____ polishing is regarded as the most appropriate approach in the selection of which teeth and surfaces to polish.

A) aggressive
B) complete
C) selective
D) no

Question 18

Which of the following is true of microabrasion?

A) It utilizes sodium bicarbonate powder.
B) It is not meant to be used intraorally.
C) It is recommended for removal of stain from teeth.
D) It can be used to remove minimal amounts of tooth structure.

Question 19

The powder form of _____ is used in sandblasting restorations in preparation for cementation and air abrasion.

A) tin oxide
B) silicon dioxide
C) silicon carbide
D) aluminum oxide

Question 20

Which of the following materials is/are recommended for polishing of composite restorations?

A) Air-polishing devices
B) Traditional prophy pastes
C) Ultrasonic and sonic scalers
D) Aluminum oxide polishing paste

Question 21

How does prophylaxis paste differ from commercially prepared dentifrice?

A) It is less abrasive.
B) It is more abrasive.
C) It may contain fluoride.
D) There is little difference.

Question 22

Describe the rationale for selective polishing.

Question 23

How are dental abrasives supplied?

A) Paste
B) Loose
C) Coated
D) All of the above

Question 24

Which statement best describes rubber cup polishing?

A) Helps strengthen decalcified enamel
B) Removes some of the fluoride-rich layer of enamel
C) Is used to remove small bits of calculus after scaling
D) Should be used on every patient at his or her recall

Question 25

Which of the following is not a benefit of polishing a restoration?

A) Smooth cavosurface margins
B) Decreased biofilm attachment
C) Decreased tarnish and corrosion
D) Increased attrition of tooth structure

Question 26

Which of the following choices will affect the abrasiveness of polishing agents?

A) Number of particles utilized
B) Hardness of the material
C) Speed of the device
D) All of the above

Question 27

Match the items with the correct description below.
Aluminum oxide

A)An extremely fine abrasive used extensively as a final polishing agent for enamel and restorations
B)A natural abrasive composed of quartz and silica
C)Volcanic silica manufactured as a loose abrasive
D)A synthetic material that produces an extremely hard and efficient abrasive material
E)A synthetic abrasive;the powder form is used in sandblasting restorations in preparation for cementation

Question 28

Match the items with the correct description below.
Pumice

A)An extremely fine abrasive used extensively as a final polishing agent for enamel and restorations
B)A natural abrasive composed of quartz and silica
C)Volcanic silica manufactured as a loose abrasive
D)A synthetic material that produces an extremely hard and efficient abrasive material
E)A synthetic abrasive;the powder form is used in sandblasting restorations in preparation for cementation

Question 29

A higher number of particles or flutes on a rotary finishing bur _____ its abrasive intensity.

A) increases
B) decreases
C) has no impact on

Question 30

Abrasive particles:

A) lose shape over time.
B) are efficient only if large.
C) do not change size with use.
D) gradually get smaller as they are used.

Question 31

What is the purpose of approved denture cleansers?

A) Freshen the acrylic
B) Loosen stains and plaque
C) Will not abrade the material
D) All of the above are true.

Question 32

What does the ADA Seal of Approval for dentifrices ensure for the consumer?

A) Stains will be removed.
B) Abrasives are within safe limits.
C) The paste will prevent cavities.
D) It is not harmful if swallowed.

Question 33

Match the items with the correct description below.
Silicon carbide

A)An extremely fine abrasive used extensively as a final polishing agent for enamel and restorations
B)A natural abrasive composed of quartz and silica
C)Volcanic silica manufactured as a loose abrasive
D)A synthetic material that produces an extremely hard and efficient abrasive material
E)A synthetic abrasive;the powder form is used in sandblasting restorations in preparation for cementation

Question 34

Define finishing,polishing,and cleansing.

Question 35

Match the items with the correct description below.
Sand

A)An extremely fine abrasive used extensively as a final polishing agent for enamel and restorations
B)A natural abrasive composed of quartz and silica
C)Volcanic silica manufactured as a loose abrasive
D)A synthetic material that produces an extremely hard and efficient abrasive material
E)A synthetic abrasive;the powder form is used in sandblasting restorations in preparation for cementation

Question 36

Match the items with the correct description below.
Tin oxide

A)An extremely fine abrasive used extensively as a final polishing agent for enamel and restorations
B)A natural abrasive composed of quartz and silica
C)Volcanic silica manufactured as a loose abrasive
D)A synthetic material that produces an extremely hard and efficient abrasive material
E)A synthetic abrasive;the powder form is used in sandblasting restorations in preparation for cementation

Question 37

What could happen if utilizing a high-speed handpiece while using an abrasive agent?

A) Reduce the time it takes to finish the restoration
B) Increase the finishing strength of the abrasive
C) Cause loss of control over the handpiece
D) Decrease the bioburden generated