Deck 12: Chemical Bonding

Question 1

What person is known as the "father of chemistry" for his many contributions,including the law of conservation of mass?

A) Boyle
B) Lavoisier
C) Mendeleev
D) Dalton

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The percentage by mass of carbon in diamond is about

A) 25%.
B) 75%.
C) 100%.
D) 20%.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

A substance of unknown composition is heated in a sealed container.As a result,the mass of the container and its contents

A) increases.
B) decreases.
C) remains the same.
D) Any of these could occur.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The force responsible for chemical bonding is

A) nuclear.
B) electromagnetic.
C) none of these.
D) gravitational.

Question 5

The percentage composition by mass of water is approximately

A) 2% H and 1% O.
B) 11% H and 89% O.
C) 1% H and 99% O.
D) 2% H and 16% O.

Question 6

An element that tends to gain electrons during chemical reactions is probably

A) a semimetal.
B) a nonmetal.
C) an actinide.
D) a metal.

Question 7

What is the formula mass of ammonium phosphide,(NH₄)₃P?

A) 85.0 u
B) 49.0 u
C) 48.0 u
D) 57.0 u

Question 8

The formula mass of calcium hydroxide,Ca(OH)₂,is

A) 74.1 u.
B) 38.1 u.
C) 57.1 u.
D) 58.1 u.

Question 9

The percentage by mass of hydrogen in methane,CH₄,is about

A) 25%.
B) 75%.
C) 80%.
D) 20%.

Question 10

The percentage by mass of carbon

A) would be the same in CO as in CO₂.
B) would be greater in CO than in CO₂.
C) would be less in CO than in CO₂.
D) cannot be determined without additional information.

Question 11

The percentage by mass of chlorine

A) would be the same in FeCl₃ as in FeCl₂.
B) would be greater in FeCl₃ than in FeCl₂.
C) would be less in FeCl₃ than in FeCl₂.
D) cannot be determined without additional information.

Question 12

Another name for solid carbon dioxide is

A) heavy water.
B) Epsom salt.
C) dry ice.
D) quicksilver.

Question 13

A substance of unknown composition is heated in an open container.As a result,the mass of the container and its contents

A) decreases.
B) remains the same.
C) increases.
D) Any of these could occur.

Question 14

The law of definite proportions states that different samples of a pure compound always contain the same elements in the same proportion by

A) mass.
B) atoms.
C) atomic number.
D) volume.

Question 15

The percentage by mass of carbon in methane,CH₄,is about

A) 25%.
B) 75%.
C) 80%.
D) 20%.

Question 16

The percentage composition by mass of nitrogen dioxide is approximately

A) 43% N and 57% O.
B) 33% N and 67% O.
C) 30% N and 70% O.
D) 47% N and 53% O.

Question 17

A compound consists of only magnesium,carbon,and oxygen.If the percentage by mass of Mg is 28.8% and that of C is 14.2%,what is the percentage by mass of O?

A) 16.0%
B) 57.0%
C) 43.0%
D) 22.5%
E) None of the above

Question 18

The formula mass of sulfuric acid,H₂SO₄,is

A) 98 u.
B) 100 u.
C) 66 u.
D) 7 u.

Question 19

The ratio by mass of carbon to hydrogen in 100 g of a certain compound is 6 to 1.The ratio in 200 g of the same compound will be

A) 24 to 1.
B) 6 to 1.
C) 12 to 1.
D) none of these.

Question 20

The formula mass of water,H₂O,is

A) 18 u.
B) 9 u.
C) 10 u.
D) 17 u.

Question 21

What electric charge is characteristic for an ion of Cl?

A) 7+
B) 0
C) 1-
D) 1+

Question 22

Suppose 25 g of reactant A is mixed with 45 g of reactant B.After a chemical reaction takes place between A and B,which statement is correct?

A) The total mass of products plus any unreacted reactants will be 70 g.
B) The total mass of products plus any unreacted reactants will be less than 70 g.
C) The total mass of products plus any unreacted reactants will be more than 70 g.
D) The total mass of products will be 70 g.

Question 23

What electric charge is characteristic for an ion of F?

A) 7+
B) 0
C) 1-
D) 1+

Question 24

A likely ratio of the masses of oxygen in two different compounds of tin and oxygen,both of which contain the same mass of tin,is

A) 1.42 to 1.
B) 3.11 to 1.
C) 3.77 to 1.
D) 2 to 1.

Question 25

Element A,mass 5.00 g,reacts exactly with 2.00 g of element B to form 7.00 g of compound AB.If 10.00 g of element A are reacted with 2.00 g of element B to form the same compound,what mass of compound AB will be formed?

A) 7.00 g
B) 5.00 g
C) 17.00 g
D) 12.00 g

Question 26

When potassium and sulfur react to form potassium sulfide,an ionic compound,

A) each sulfur atom loses two electrons.
B) each sulfur atom loses one electron.
C) each potassium atom loses one electron.
D) each potassium atom loses two electrons.

Question 27

What electric charge is characteristic for an ion of O?

A) 6+
B) 0
C) 2-
D) 2+

Question 28

What electric charge is characteristic for an ion of S?

A) 6+
B) 0
C) 2-
D) 2+

Question 29

When sodium and chlorine react to form sodium chloride,an ionic compound,

A) each sodium atom loses two electrons.
B) each sodium atom loses one electron.
C) each chlorine atom loses one electron.
D) each chlorine atom loses two electrons.

Question 30

When sodium and chlorine react to form sodium chloride,an ionic compound,

A) each sodium atom gains two electrons.
B) each sodium atom gains one electron.
C) each chlorine atom gains one electron.
D) each chlorine atom gains two electrons.

Question 31

Suppose 39 g of reactant A is mixed with 40 g of reactant B.After a chemical reaction takes place between A and B,which statement is correct?

A) The total mass of products plus any unreacted reactants will be 79 g.
B) The total mass of products plus any unreacted reactants will be less than 79 g.
C) The total mass of products plus any unreacted reactants will be more than 79 g.
D) The total mass of products will be 79 g.

Question 32

Which of the following was not a part of Dalton's atomic theory?

A) Each element is composed of atoms, which are identical for that element.
B) The reactivity of elements involves changes in their electron configuration.
C) Chemical combination is the bonding of a definite number of atoms of each of the combining elements.
D) No atoms are gained, lost, or changed in identity during a chemical reaction.

Question 33

Element A,mass 9.00 g,reacts exactly with 5.00 g of element B to form 14.00 g of compound AB.If 36.00 g of element A is reacted with 41.00 g of element B to form the same compound,what mass of compound AB will be formed?

A) 9.00 g
B) 56.00 g
C) 9.00 g
D) 30.00 g

Question 34

For a compound composed of ions,the smallest combination of ions that gives the formula of the compound is called a

A) molecule.
B) polyionic atom.
C) polyatomic ion.
D) formula unit.

Question 35

A general principle of ionic compound formation is that the total ionic charge in the formula unit must be

A) 0.
B) no greater than that of the metal ion.
C) between +4 and -4.
D) no less than that of the nonmetal ion.

Question 36

The atomic theory was revived and put on a solid experimental foundation in about 1803 by

A) Proust.
B) Dalton.
C) Boyle.
D) Lavoisier.

Question 37

What is the formula of a compound formed from the ions M¹⁺ and X^3-?

A) M₃X
B) MX₃
C) MX
D) None of these

Question 38

Element A,mass 10.00 g,reacts exactly with 2.00 g of element B to form 12.00 g of compound AB.If 5.00 g of element A is reacted with 2.00 g of element B to form the same compound,what mass of compound AB will be formed?

A) 7.00 g
B) 6.00 g
C) 17.00 g
D) 12.00 g

Question 39

A compound consists of only magnesium,carbon,and oxygen.If the percentage by mass of Mg is 63.9% and that of C is 12.2%,what is the percentage by mass of O?

A) 76.1%
B) 23.9%
C) 51.7%
D) 70.9%
E) None of the above

Question 40

The octet rule states that the formula for a compound is derived by

A) using a minimum of 8 atoms.
B) using exactly 8 bonds in the formula unit.
C) having all atoms or ions get noble gas electron configurations.
D) having a net charge of magnitude 8.

Question 41

What is the formula of a compound formed from the ions M³⁺ and X^2-?

A) M₂X
B) MX
C) M₂X₃
D) MX₂

Question 42

What is the formula of a compound formed from the ions M³⁺ and X^3-?

A) M₂X
B) MX
C) M₂X₃
D) MX₂

Question 43

What is the formula of the compound formed from the ions of calcium and bromine?

A) CaBr₃
B) CaBr
C) CaBr₂
D) Ca₂Br₃
E) None of these

Question 44

What is the formula of a compound formed from the ions M²⁺ and X^3-?

A) MX
B) M₃X₂
C) M₂X₃
D) M₆X₆

Question 45

The Lewis symbol would be characteristic of which group ?

A) 2A
B) 4A
C) 3A
D) 1A

Question 46

The Lewis symbol would be characteristic of which group ?

A) 2A
B) 4A
C) 6A
D) 1A

Question 47

The Lewis symbol would be characteristic of which group ?

A) 2A
B) 4A
C) 3A
D) 5A

Question 48

What is the formula of a compound formed from the ions M³⁺ and X^1-?

A) M₃X
B) MX
C) M₂X₃
D) MX₃

Question 49

Combinations of atoms from the far right side of the periodic table with atoms from the far left side usually form ______________ compounds.

A) organic
B) ionic
C) covalent
D) polar

Question 50

What is the formula of the compound formed from the ions of aluminum and oxygen?

A) Al₂O₃
B) AlO
C) AlO₃
D) None of these

Question 51

The Lewis symbol would be characteristic of which group ?

A) 6A
B) 8A
C) 3A
D) 7A

Question 52

What is the formula of a compound formed from the ions M¹⁺ and X^1-?

A) M₂X
B) MX
C) M₂X₂
D) MX₂

Question 53

The Lewis symbol X• would be characteristic of which group?

A) 2A
B) 4A
C) 6A
D) 1A

Question 54

The Lewis symbol would be characteristic of which group ?

A) 6A
B) 1A
C) 3A
D) 7A

Question 55

If atoms unite by transfer of electrons,they form

A) an organic compound.
B) an ionic compound.
C) a polar molecule.
D) a covalent compound.

Question 56

What is the formula of a compound formed from the ions M²⁺ and X^2-?

A) M₂X
B) MX
C) M₂X₂
D) MX₂

Question 57

The Lewis symbol would be characteristic of which group ?

A) 6A
B) 8A
C) 3A
D) 7A

Question 58

The Lewis symbol •X• would be characteristic of which group?

A) 2A
B) 4A
C) 6A
D) 1A

Question 59

If a compound is solid,has a high melting point,conducts electricity in the liquid phase,and dissolves in water,it is most likely to be a(n)______________ compound.

A) intermediate
B) organic
C) covalent
D) ionic

Question 60

The Lewis symbol would be characteristic of which group ?

A) 6A
B) 2A
C) 3A
D) 5A

Question 61

If two atoms have five electrons in the valence shell and are covalently bound,the molecule has a ______________ bond.

A) quadruple
B) double
C) triple
D) single

Question 62

Which of the following ions would never form in chemical reactions?

A) F^2-
B) Al³⁺
C) O^2-
D) N^3-

Question 63

Which two elements are most likely to combine with one another to form an ionic compound?

A) B and Cl
B) Ra and Br
C) Mg and Ca
D) S and O

Question 64

If two atoms have equal electronegativity,a bond formed between them is generally

A) ionic.
B) nonpolar.
C) very weak.
D) polar.

Question 65

Which of the following compounds would be expected to be hard and brittle and to have a high melting point?

A) H₂SO₄
B) KBr
C) H₂C₂O₄
D) IF₇

Question 66

The sharing of two electrons by unlike atoms generally forms a(n)______________ bond.

A) ionic
B) metallic
C) nonpolar
D) polar covalent

Question 67

What is the correct formula for calcium phosphate?

A) Ca₃P₂
B) Ca₂(PO₄)₃
C) Ca₃(PO₄)₂
D) Ca₂P₃

Question 68

When hydrogen,from Group 1A,unites with chlorine,it forms a(n)______________ compound.

A) ionic
B) metallic
C) covalent
D) organic

Question 69

Except for hydrogen and helium,atoms in chemical combination tend to have ______________ electrons in their outer shell.

A) 8
B) 14
C) 6
D) 2

Question 70

The Lewis symbol of which of the following elements has a single dot on each of the four sides of the element's symbol?

A) Helium
B) Carbon
C) Beryllium
D) None of these

Question 71

Which of the following elements commonly forms an ion with a 1- charge?

A) Ag
B) N
C) Br
D) Na

Question 72

The ionic charge of the nitrite ion in Al(NO₂)₃,aluminum nitrite,must be

A) 3+.
B) 1-.
C) 3-.
D) 1+.

Question 73

Two atoms of hydrogen bond with an atom of oxygen to form a water molecule.This bonding is

A) covalent only.
B) polar only.
C) both covalent and polar.
D) none of these.

Question 74

Which of the following ions is isoelectronic with a neon atom?

A) N^3-
B) Li⁺
C) Cl^-
D) F^2-

Question 75

The ionic compound made of Fe³⁺ and CO₃^2- ions would have the formula

A) Fe₃(CO₃)₂.
B) FeCO₃.
C) Fe₂(CO₃)₃.
D) none of these

Question 76

A Group 6A nonmetal would be most likely to form an ionic bond with an element of Group

A) 4A.
B) 8A.
C) 2A.
D) 5A.

Question 77

Which of the following ions is not isoelectronic with the other three?

A) Cl^-
B) K⁺
C) Br^-
D) P^3-

Question 78

When atoms unite by transferring electrons,they should form

A) a polar molecule.
B) a covalent compound.
C) an ionic compound.
D) an organic compound.

Question 79

A pair of electrons shared by two atoms forms

A) a metallic bond.
B) a double covalent bond.
C) a single covalent bond.
D) an ionic bond.

Question 80

The anion in the common ionic substance NaHCO₃ is

A) CO₃^2-.
B) H⁺.
C) Na⁺.
D) HCO₃^-.