Deck 9: Diseases and Conditions of the Respiratory System

Question 1

A crooked nasal septum or deviated septum can cause

A) compromise of the air passage.
B) increased tendency to sinusitis.
C) cosmetic concern.
D) all of the above.

Answer 1

D
A deviated septum causes narrowing and obstruction of the air passage, making breathing somewhat difficult.

Question 2

The Epstein-Barr virus is the cause of

A) infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS).
B) COPD.
C) infectious mononucleosis.
D) adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Answer 2

C
The two main symptoms of this infection are lymphadenopathy and fever that typically peaks in the afternoon. Initially, symptoms are vague. They include general malaise, anorexia, and chills. As the infection progresses, symptoms include sore throat, fever, headache, fatigue, and cervical and generalized lymphadenopathy; the tonsils may appear coated with debris. The syndrome causes a mild transient hepatitis and atypical lymphocytosis.

Question 3

Growths that form from distended mucous membranes protruding into the nasal cavity are called

A) adenoid hypertrophy.
B) lymphadenopathy.
C) nasal polyps.
D) all of the above.

Answer 3

C
Surgical removal is the treatment of choice; however, considerable relief may be obtained through the injection of a steroid directly into the polyps.

Question 4

_____ is a destructive disease of the alveoli and the adjacent capillary walls resulting in chronic dyspnea, cough, and the characteristic barrel chest.

A) Emphysema
B) Bronchiectasis
C) Pneumoconiosis
D) Pneumothorax

Question 5

Permanent, irreversible dilation or distortion of the bronchi, resulting from destruction of muscular bronchial wall, describes

A) emphysema.
B) bronchiectasis.
C) pneumoconiosis.
D) pneumothorax.

Question 6

The treatment of sinusitis may include

A) antibiotics, decongestants, and antihistamines.
B) allergy testing, immunotherapy, and corticosteroids.
C) sinusotomy.
D) all of the above.

Question 7

The common cold is a group of minor illnesses caused by

A) fungi.
B) bacteria.
C) almost 200 viruses or from Mycoplasma.
D) all of the above.

Question 8

Atelectasis, an airless or collapsed state of pulmonary tissue, may result from

A) obstruction in the bronchial tree.
B) prolonged inactivity.
C) failure to breathe deeply postoperatively.
D) all of the above.

Question 9

The common symptom of a tumor of the larynx is

A) dysphonia.
B) hemoptysis.
C) stridor.
D) exsanguination.

Question 10

Causes of epistaxis are

A) direct trauma or foreign body.
B) hypertension or other systemic disorders.
C) hemophilia and leukemia.
D) all of the above.

Question 11

Occupational diseases that cause progressive, chronic inflammation and infection in the lungs from inhalation of inorganic dust are termed

A) emphysema.
B) bronchiectasis.
C) pneumoconiosis.
D) pneumothorax.

Question 12

The primary function(s) of the pulmonary system is/are

A) atelectasis and anosmia.
B) ventilation and respiration.
C) hemoptysis.
D) all of the above.

Question 13

The maintenance of the acid-base balance of the blood is linked to the function of the lungs and the

A) kidneys.
B) adrenal glands.
C) nervous system.
D) bronchial tubes.

Question 14

The pneumonialike disease caused by bacteria that thrive in warm aquatic environments and are inhaled from moisture droplets in air conditioning units is called

A) histoplasmosis.
B) pulmonary abscess.
C) flail chest.
D) Legionella infection.

Question 15

A collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity, resulting in a collapsed lung, describes a condition called

A) emphysema.
B) bronchiectasis.
C) pneumoconiosis.
D) pneumothorax.

Question 16

A double fracture of three or more adjacent ribs resulting in instability in the chest wall describes a patient with

A) histoplasmosis.
B) pulmonary abscess.
C) flail chest.
D) Legionella infection.

Question 17

Stasis of blood flow from immobility, injury to a vessel, or predisposition to clot formation increases the risk of

A) pulmonary embolism.
B) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
C) emphysema.
D) all of the above.

Question 18

An area of contained infectious material in the lung is known as

A) histoplasmosis.
B) pulmonary abscess.
C) flail chest.
D) Legionella infection.

Question 19

_____ is a fungal disease originating in the lungs, with the greatest occurrence in the Midwestern United States.

A) Histoplasmosis
B) Pulmonary abscess
C) Flail chest
D) Legionella infection

Question 20

Facts about health hazards attributed to toxic mold include which of the following?

A) Mold exposure always presents a health problem.
B) A constant supply of moisture is not necessarily required for mold growth.
C) People with decreased immunity, allergies, or underlying lung disease are more susceptible to fungal infections.
D) Moldy items do not need to be discarded.

Question 21

Sputum removal management is the most important in the treatment of

A) flail chest.
B) bronchiectasis.
C) pleurisy.
D) pharyngitis.

Question 22

What is the most common site for head and neck tumors?

A) Nasal septum
B) Tonsils
C) Larynx
D) Sinuses

Question 23

Severe hypoxemia in a patient who has recently experienced trauma is called shock lung or

A) IRDS.
B) COPD.
C) infectious mononucleosis.
D) ARDS.

Question 24

Treatment of pneumonia includes

A) organism-specific antibiotics for bacterial pneumonia.
B) penicillin for viral pneumonia.
C) thoracentesis.
D) all of the above.

Question 25

In most cases the prognosis of lung cancer is good because people seek medical attention before metastasis occurs.

Question 26

Acute bronchitis is usually caused by a bacterial infection, so no known prevention exists.

Question 27

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorder most commonly detected in the lungs; serious disability is rare.

Question 28

Who is at most risk for RSV pneumonia?

A) Infants
B) Young children
C) The elderly
D) All of the above

Question 29

Due to improved prevention and treatment measures for tuberculosis (TB), TB is no longer considered a public health risk.

Question 30

Common colds impart immunity and respond to antibiotic therapy.

Question 31

Target groups for influenza immunization include persons aged 50 and older, patients with chronic disease, health care providers, and other high-risk persons.

Question 32

Prophylactic use of vaccines against influenza is effective in reducing the occurrence of the disease, especially in older and infirm adults.

Question 33

A history of smoking is listed as an etiologic factor in bronchitis, bronchiectasis, emphysema, and lung cancer.

Question 34

_____ refers to obstructive diseases of the lungs, including chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, asthma, emphysema, and pneumoconiosis.

A) IRDS
B) COPD
C) Infectious mononucleosis
D) ARDS

Question 35

Allergic rhinitis and allergic sinusitis can lead to inflammation of the mucosa of the sinuses and resulting sinusitis.

Question 36

Lung abscesses are often a complication of pneumonia caused by bacteria. Aspiration of food, a foreign object, bronchial stenosis, or neoplasms may cause pulmonary abscesses to form. A pulmonary abscess also may develop when a septic embolism is carried to the lung via the pulmonary circulation.

Question 37

Pontiac fever is a milder form of Legionellosis; neither form is contagious.

Question 38

Some points to stress in patient teaching regarding cessation of smoking include

A) reducing one's exposure to secondhand smoke is recommended.
B) there are no benefits to cessation of smoking to patients who already have lung cancer.
C) there is less danger of relapse in patients who survive lung cancer and continue to smoke.
D) the prognosis for patients with lung cancer is generally good.

Question 39

Exposure to both primary and secondary smoke may make an individual more susceptible to any respiratory condition because the smoke is an irritant to the respiratory tract.

Question 40

The US Prevention Services Task Force now recommends lung cancer screening for high-risk individuals with an annual low-dose chest CT.

Question 41

The cause of pneumoconiosis is Legionnaires' disease.

Question 42

The patient with pleurisy usually presents with abdominal pain and headache and without any history of recent infection or injury.