Deck 38: Respiration

Question 1

The glottis is ____ when swallowing and ____ when speaking.

A) ​closed; open
B) open; closed
C) rigid; relaxed
D) relaxed; rigid
E) vibrating; closed

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What is the correct sequence of air flow in mammals?

A) ​nasal cavities, larynx, pharynx, bronchi, trachea
B) nasal cavities, pharynx, bronchi, larynx, trachea
C) nasal cavities, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi
D) nasal cavities, larynx, pharynx, trachea, bronchi
E) nasal cavities, bronchi, larynx, trachea, pharynx

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the human lungs in the ____.

A) bronchi
B) alveoli
C) bronchioles
D) trachea
E) glottis

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following is true regarding some insect tracheal systems?

A) ​They are associated with the blood circulatory system.
B) They excrete body wastes as well as transport gases.
C) Their spiracles can become clogged by spraying them with oil.
D) The tracheal tubes are continually open in large terrestrial insects.
E) They contain respiratory pigments to enhance oxygen transport.

Question 5

The term "respiration" in animals refers to the ____.

A) ​movement of oxygen into an animal only
B) movement of carbon dioxide out of an animal only
C) movement of oxygen into an animal and the movement of carbon dioxide out of the animal
D) binding of oxygen to hemoglobin molecules in the blood
E) diffusion of oxygen across a cell membrane

Question 6

Figure 38.9
​

The following two questions refer to the figure above showing a fish gill filament.
The least oxygenated blood is indicated by the letter ____.

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 7

Carbon monoxide ____.

A) ​traps heat in the atmosphere
B) is an atmospheric pollutant
C) causes acid rain
D) interferes with the nervous system
E) binds to a hemoglobin molecule and interferes with oxygen uptake

Question 8

Which statement is true of carbon monoxide?

A) It is a waste product of photosynthesis.
B) It is always present when organic material burns.
C) It is harmless.
D) It has a strong odor.
E) It is a greenhouse gas.

Question 9

The human voice is generated by air moving through the _____.

A) ​pharynx
B) ​glottis
C) epiglottis
D) pleura
E) trachea

Question 10

The "Adam's apple" is located in the ____.

A) ​Glottis
B) Pharynx
C) Trachea
D) Larynx
E) Bronchus

Question 11

Water flowing back and forth across the gills of fish is known as _____.

A) capillary movement
B) counter current exchange
C) deoxygenation
D) pharyngeal movement
E) gill slits

Question 12

Branches of a bronchus are known as ____.

A) ​larynx
B) bronchi
C) bronchioles
D) trachea
E) pharynx

Question 13

Respiration in the human body relies on ____.

A) ​exocytosis and endocytosis
B) ​facilitated diffusion
C) osmosis
D) simple diffusion
E) active transport

Question 14

Figure 38.9
​

The following two questions refer to the figure above showing a fish gill filament.
Paired lungs are characteristic of ____.

A) ​spiders
B) all birds
C) all fishes
D) all amphibian life stages
E) all insects

Question 15

Figure 38.9
​

The following two questions refer to the figure above showing a fish gill filament.
The most oxygenated blood is indicated by the letter ____.

A) ​A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) E

Question 16

Integumentary exchange of gases implies that the animal ____.

A) ​has a shell
B) has a tracheal system
C) lives in a moist location
D) has a siphon
E) lives in an arid location​

Question 17

The accompanying figure illustrates a ____.

A) ​book lung
B) tracheal system
C) set of gills
D) lung micrograph
E) circulatory system

Question 18

Air is continuously forced through tubes that thread through vascularized tissue in a pair of inelastic lungs in _____.

A) ​some fish
B) amphibians
C) ​birds
D) ​reptiles
E) some small mammals​

Question 19

What is characteristic of adult frogs?

A) ​gills
B) sucking air into their lungs
C) countercurrent exchange
D) pushing air into their lungs
E) drawing water by inhalation across their gills

Question 20

Which of the following is true regarding hemoglobin?

A) ​It is a lipid.
B) ​It contains iron.
C) It raises the concentration of oxygen in the blood.
D) It is present in all vertebrates and invertebrates.
E) It is identical to hemocyanin.

Question 21

People who smoke both marijuana and tobacco have ____ respiratory problems than tobacco-only smokers.

A) ​less
B) ​more
C) ​more serious
D) ​less serious
E) the same amount of​

Question 22

Adaptive mechanisms, such as ____, can help animals live at a high elevation.

A) ​carbonic acid
B) ​a large heart
C) ​hemoglobin with more heme groups
D) ​decreased nitric oxide
E) small efficient lungs​

Question 23

Use the figure above to answer the following question. At what partial pressure of oxygen do half the heme groups in human blood have bound oxygen?​

A) ​30 mm Hg
B) ​100 mm Hg
C) ​70 mm Hg
D) ​104 mm Hg
E) 120 mm Hg​

Question 24

Oxygen moves from alveoli to the bloodstream ____.

A) ​because the concentration of oxygen is greater in alveoli than in the blood
B) mainly due to the activity of carbonic anhydrase in the red blood cells
C) against a concentration gradient
D) to equal the concentration of CO₂ in the blood
E) by active transport

Question 25

​

The following three questions refer to the figure above.
Total lung capacity is indicated by ____.

A) ​A + B
B) B + C
C) C + E
D) D + E
E) E + A

Question 26

"Rapture of the deep" is characterized by ____.

A) ​increased O₂ in the blood
B) ​altitude sickness
C) ​excess CO₂ in the blood
D) ​excess CO in the blood
E) euphoria​

Question 27

Which of the following is not associated with pneumonia?​

A) ​an inhaled allergen
B) ​bacteria
C) ​virus
D) ​fungi
E) shortness of breath​

Question 28

Use the figure above to answer the following question.
Most of the carbon dioxide produced by the body is transported to the lungs ____.

A) ​in gaseous form
B) ​in the lymph system
C) ​as carbaminohemoglobin
D) ​in the form of bicarbonate
E) as carbonic acid

Question 29

Oxyhemoglobin contains _____.

A) oxygen bound irreversibly to a heme group
B) ​carbon dioxide
C) carbonic anhydrase
D) ​bound oxygen in the absence of a heme group
E) oxygen bound reversibly to a heme group

Question 30

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five components of respiratory systems listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.​
a.​pharynx
b.​larynx
c.​trachea
d.​bronchiole
e.​alveolus
epiglottis

Question 31

​

The following three questions refer to the figure above.
Forced inhalation is indicated by ____.

A) ​A
B) ​B
C) C
D) ​D
E) E

Question 32

​

The following three questions refer to the figure above.
Residual air volume is indicated by the letter ____.

A) A
B) B
C) ​C
D) D
E) E

Question 33

Use the figure above to answer the following question.
What is the partial pressure of oxygen at the start of the systemic capillary beds?

A) 40 mm Hg
B) 100 mm Hg
C) 70 mm Hg
D) 104 mm Hg
E) 130 mm Hg

Question 34

​

The following three questions refer to the figure above.
Contraction of the diaphragm ____.

A) ​diminishes the volume of the thoracic cavity
B) increases the volume of the thoracic cavity
C) pushes the rib cage downward
D) ​causes external intercostal muscles to relax
E) decreases lung capacity

Question 35

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five components of respiratory systems listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.​
a.​pharynx
b.​larynx
c.​trachea
d.​bronchiole
e.​alveolus
alveoli

Question 36

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five components of respiratory systems listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.​
a.​pharynx
b.​larynx
c.​trachea
d.​bronchiole
e.​alveolus
diaphragm

Question 37

Non-smokers live about ____ years longer than smokers.

A) ​two
B) ​four
C) ​six
D) ​eight
E) ten​

Question 38

A factor associated with SIDS is ____.

A) ​sleep apnea
B) lung cancer​
C) ​high altitude sickness
D) ​low red blood cell count
E) TB​

Question 39

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five components of respiratory systems listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.​
a.​pharynx
b.​larynx
c.​trachea
d.​bronchiole
e.​alveolus
bronchi

Question 40

Deep-diving animals accomplish their dives through ____.

A) ​speeding their heart rate
B) ​swimming vigorously
C) ​storing oxygen in muscles and blood
D) ​binding oxygen to hemocyanin
E) going into a deep sleep​

Question 41

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five components of respiratory systems listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.​
a.​pharynx
b.​larynx
c.​trachea
d.​bronchiole
e.​alveolus
rib muscles

Question 42

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five components of respiratory systems listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.​
a.​pharynx
b.​larynx
c.​trachea
d.​bronchiole
e.​alveolus
Gas exchange between the air in the lungs and the blood circulatory system occurs here.

Question 43

intercostal muscles

Question 44

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five components of respiratory systems listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.​
a.​pharynx
b.​larynx
c.​trachea
d.​bronchiole
e.​alveolus
medulla oblongata

Question 45

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five components of respiratory systems listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.​
a.​pharynx
b.​larynx
c.​trachea
d.​bronchiole
e.​alveolus
larynx

Question 46

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five components of respiratory systems listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.​
a.​pharynx
b.​larynx
c.​trachea
d.​bronchiole
e.​alveolus
This is the last component of the human lung that air flows into.

Question 47

nasal cavity

Question 48

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five components of respiratory systems listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.​
a.​pharynx
b.​larynx
c.​trachea
d.​bronchiole
e.​alveolus
oxyhemoglobin

Question 49

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five components of respiratory systems listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.​
a.​pharynx
b.​larynx
c.​trachea
d.​bronchiole
e.​alveolus
Spent air moves from the bronchial tubes to this component during exhalation.

Question 50

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five components of respiratory systems listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.​
a.​pharynx
b.​larynx
c.​trachea
d.​bronchiole
e.​alveolus
Air moves from the nasal cavity into this passageway.

Question 51

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five components of respiratory systems listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.​
a.​pharynx
b.​larynx
c.​trachea
d.​bronchiole
e.​alveolus
pleural sac

Question 52

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five components of respiratory systems listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.​
a.​pharynx
b.​larynx
c.​trachea
d.​bronchiole
e.​alveolus
ventilation

Question 53

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five components of respiratory systems listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.​
a.​pharynx
b.​larynx
c.​trachea
d.​bronchiole
e.​alveolus
pharynx

Question 54

larynx

Question 55

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five components of respiratory systems listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.​
a.​pharynx
b.​larynx
c.​trachea
d.​bronchiole
e.​alveolus
trachea

Question 56

Respond to the following statements with reference to the five components of respiratory systems listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.​
a.​pharynx
b.​larynx
c.​trachea
d.​bronchiole
e.​alveolus
Another name for "Adam's apple".

Question 57

left lung

Question 58

diaphragm

Question 59

pleural membrane

Question 60

bronchiole

Question 61

__________, the volume of air that moves in and out of the lungs during one respiratory cycle, is normally far less than __________.

Question 62

Contractions of the dome-shaped __________ and the intercostal muscles between the ribs alter the volume of the thoracic cavity during breathing.

Question 63

Why would athletes in aerobic sports benefit by training at high altitude?​

Question 64

If a person is choking, the __________ maneuver can be used to expel food from their trachea.

Question 65

Respiratory proteins such as __________ in red blood cells and __________ in muscle bind oxygen and help maintain gradients that favor gas exchange.

Question 66

A flap of tissue called the __________ directs air through the __________, the opening to the __________ (windpipe).

Question 67

Emphysema would have the greatest impact on which respiratory volume?​

Question 68

Chart the path of air from the atmosphere to the blood.

Question 69

Respiration is a physiological process by which O₂ enters the internal environment and CO₂ leaves by diffusing across a(n) __________.

Question 70

epiglottis

Question 71

pharynx

Question 72

Most CO₂ reacts with water inside red blood cells to form bicarbonate, due to the activity of __________.

Question 73

Some invertebrates do not have special respiratory organs and rely on __________ exchange, which involves the diffusion of gases across the body surface.

Question 74

trachea

Question 75

Water flowing over fish gills exchanges gases with blood flowing in the opposite direction inside gill capillaries. This is called __________.

Question 76

Which of the following have the most efficient lungs: amphibians, mammals or birds? Explain your answer.

Question 77

Invertebrates on land use __________ or __________ systems for gas exchange.

Question 78

bronchus