Deck 22: The Land Plants

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Question
Which statement concerning production of bryophyte reproductive cells is true?​

A) ​Spores and gametes are produced by meiosis.
B) ​Spores and gametes are produced by mitosis.
C) ​Spores are produced by meiosis, whereas gametes are produced by mitosis.
D) ​Spores are produced by mitosis, whereas gametes are produced by meiosis.
E) ​Spores and gametes are both used for sexual reproduction.
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Question
Although we know of threats to about ____ wild plant species, the actual number is likely much higher.

A) ​5,000
B) ​7,000
C) ​12,000
D) ​37,000
E) ​130,000
Question
<strong>  Refer to the figure above for questions In the illustration above showing the haploid phase in the life cycle of a fern, what part represents the male gametangium?</strong> A) ​1 B) ​2 C) ​3 D) ​4 E) ​5 <div style=padding-top: 35px>
Refer to the figure above for questions
In the illustration above showing the haploid phase in the life cycle of a fern, what part represents the male gametangium?

A) ​1
B) ​2
C) ​3
D) ​4
E) ​5
Question
<strong>  ​ Following Questions refer to the above figure. Which of the photographs in the above figure is an angiosperm?</strong> A) ​A B) ​B C) ​C D) ​D E) both C and D <div style=padding-top: 35px>
Following Questions refer to the above figure.
Which of the photographs in the above figure is an angiosperm?

A) ​A
B) ​B
C) ​C
D) ​D
E) both C and D
Question
<strong>  ​ Following Questions refer to the above figure. A significant event influencing the rapid evolution of plants on land after their initial appearance wasthe ____.</strong> A) ​increase of atmospheric oxygen B) ​reduction of ultraviolet radiation penetration through the atmosphere C) ​stabilization of global climates D) ​increase in soil nutrients E) ​merging of land masses <div style=padding-top: 35px>
Following Questions refer to the above figure.
A significant event influencing the rapid evolution of plants on land after their initial appearance wasthe ____.

A) ​increase of atmospheric oxygen
B) ​reduction of ultraviolet radiation penetration through the atmosphere
C) ​stabilization of global climates
D) ​increase in soil nutrients
E) ​merging of land masses
Question
A sorus is ____.

A) ​a fern spore
B) ​the fern gametophyte
C) ​an egg-producing structure
D) ​where the sperm are produced
E) ​a collection of sporangia
Question
Which statement concerning fertilization in ferns is true?​

A) ​The sporophyte grows from a spore.
B) ​The process requires water.
C) ​The fertilization product is haploid.
D) ​A spore is the product of fertilization.
E) ​The process occurs outside the egg-producing structure.
Question
Why is it important to maintain a collection of wild relatives of crop plants?​

A) ​Humans have a natural urge to collect things.
B) ​It allows future generations to see plants that are gone.
C) ​Seeds are not stable.
D) ​Crop plants do not produce their own seeds.
E) ​It provides insurance in the form of genetic diversity.
Question
<strong>  Following Questions refer to the above figure. In the accompanying figure, which of the following represents a multicellular, haploidreproductive stage?</strong> A) ​1 B) ​2 C) ​3 D) ​4 E) ​5 <div style=padding-top: 35px>
Following Questions refer to the above figure.
In the accompanying figure, which of the following represents a multicellular, haploidreproductive stage?

A) ​1
B) ​2
C) ​3
D) ​4
E) ​5
Question
<strong>  Following Questions refer to the above figure. Four of the following statements are true of xylem. Which one is the exception?​</strong> A) ​conducts water up the plant B) ​conducts mineral ions up the plant C) ​connects with roots D) ​connects with leaves E) ​transports sugars <div style=padding-top: 35px>
Following Questions refer to the above figure.
Four of the following statements are true of xylem. Which one is the exception?​

A) ​conducts water up the plant
B) ​conducts mineral ions up the plant
C) ​connects with roots
D) ​connects with leaves
E) ​transports sugars
Question
The Svalbard Global Seed Vault is located on a ____ island.

A) ​Dutch
B) ​Swiss
C) ​Danish
D) ​Swedish
E) ​Norwegian
Question
Which specialization evolved in land plants to allow for reproduction in dry conditions?​

A) ​xylem
B) ​phloem
C) ​stomata
D) ​roots
E) ​sporophyte dominance
Question
<strong>  ​ Following Questions refer to the above figure. Which of the photographs in the above figure represents the bryophyte?</strong> A) ​A B) ​B C) ​C D) ​D E) both B and C <div style=padding-top: 35px>
Following Questions refer to the above figure.
Which of the photographs in the above figure represents the bryophyte?

A) ​A
B) ​B
C) ​C
D) ​D
E) both B and C
Question
<strong>  Following Questions refer to the above figure. In the accompanying figure, which of the following represents a multicellular, diploidreproductive stage?​</strong> A) ​1 B) ​2 C) ​3 D) ​4 E) ​5 <div style=padding-top: 35px>
Following Questions refer to the above figure.
In the accompanying figure, which of the following represents a multicellular, diploidreproductive stage?​

A) ​1
B) ​2
C) ​3
D) ​4
E) ​5
Question
In horsetails, lycophytes, and whisk ferns, ____​.

A) ​spores give rise to gametophytes
B) ​the main plant body is a gametophyte
C) ​the sporophyte bears sperm- and egg-producing organs
D) ​the gametophyte is the dominant stage in the life cycle
E) ​the gametophyte produces spores
Question
<strong>  Mosses have ____.</strong> A) ​xylem B) ​lignin C) ​true stems D) ​rhizoids E) ​independent sporophytes <div style=padding-top: 35px>
Mosses have ____.

A) ​xylem
B) ​lignin
C) ​true stems
D) ​rhizoids
E) ​independent sporophytes
Question
The cuticle of a plant is primarily for ____.

A) ​retention of water
B) ​conduction of water
C) ​absorption of carbon dioxide
D) ​protection from strong sunlight
E) ​mechanical support
Question
<strong>  Four of these statements are true about the structure in the image above. Which statement is FALSE?​</strong> A) ​It is used for reproduction. B) ​It is used for gas exchange. C) ​It is used for water conservation. D) ​It extends across the cuticle. E) ​It is a stoma. <div style=padding-top: 35px>
Four of these statements are true about the structure in the image above. Which statement is FALSE?​

A) ​It is used for reproduction.
B) ​It is used for gas exchange.
C) ​It is used for water conservation.
D) ​It extends across the cuticle.
E) ​It is a stoma.
Question
A key innovation that helped sporophyte dominant plants survive in high, dry environments is ____.

A) ​flagellated sperm
B) ​the cuticle
C) ​xylem
D) ​phloem
E) ​lignin
Question
Which of the following is considered to be most closely related to land plants?​

A) ​red algae
B) ​chlorophytes
C) ​charophytes
D) ​trypanosomes
E) ​brown algae
Question
Four of the following are characteristic of the majority of vascular plants. Which one is the exception?​

A) ​They have leaves.
B) ​They possess dependent gametophytes.
C) ​They produce seeds.
D) ​They have rhizoids.
E) ​They produce microspores and megaspores.
Question
Four of the following plants aremonocots. Which one is the exception?

A) ​orchid
B) ​wheat
C) ​maple
D) ​grass
E) ​palm
Question
Oils from rapeseed and hemp are used in four of the following. Which one is the exception?​

A) ​detergents
B) ​dye
C) ​skin care products
D) ​fuel
E) ​industrial lubricants
Question

<strong>​   Refer to the figure above for questions Four of these statements about conifers are true. Which one is the exception?</strong> A) ​They form seeds in female cones. B) ​They have needlelike and scale-like leaves. C) ​They have a thick cuticle. D) ​They have motile sperm. E) ​They are mostly evergreen. <div style=padding-top: 35px>
Refer to the figure above for questions
Four of these statements about conifers are true. Which one is the exception?

A) ​They form seeds in female cones.
B) ​They have needlelike and scale-like leaves.
C) ​They have a thick cuticle.
D) ​They have motile sperm.
E) ​They are mostly evergreen.
Question
Which of the following is made from tree bark?​

A) ​cinnamon
B) ​cocaine
C) ​maple syrup
D) ​hemp
E) ​saffron
Question
Which plants are widely planted in cities because of their resistance to insect predators, air pollution, and disease?​

A) ​horsetails
B) ​ginkgoes
C) ​pines
D) ​spruces
E) ​junipers
Question
The seed develops from the ____.

A) ​gametophyte
B) ​ovary
C) ​ovule
D) ​pollen grain
E) ​zygote
Question
The rapid expansion of angiosperms late in the Mesozoic era appears to be related to their coevolution with ____.

A) ​dinosaurs
B) ​gymnosperms
C) ​insects
D) ​mammals
E) ​birds
Question
Choose the most appropriate response.​
a.​have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.​one cotyledon
c.​non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.​Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.​only one species left
f.​cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.​confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.​two cotyledons
i.​Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.​have coevolved with pollinating vectors
eudicots
Question
Choose the most appropriate response.​
a.​have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.​one cotyledon
c.​non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.​Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.​only one species left
f.​cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.​confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.​two cotyledons
i.​Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.​have coevolved with pollinating vectors
monocots
Question
Four of the following are C₃ grasses. Which one is the exception?​

A) ​wheat
B) ​oats
C) ​barley
D) ​rice
E) ​legumes
Question

<strong>​   Refer to the figure above for questions In the accompanying illustration depicting the life cycle of a conifer (pine), which numbered item represents the sporophyte?​</strong> A) ​1 B) ​2 C) ​3 D) ​4 E) ​5 <div style=padding-top: 35px>
Refer to the figure above for questions
In the accompanying illustration depicting the life cycle of a conifer (pine), which numbered item represents the sporophyte?​

A) ​1
B) ​2
C) ​3
D) ​4
E) ​5
Question
Dependence on animal vectors for fertilization and dispersal is characteristic of many species of ____.

A) ​ferns
B) ​angiosperms
C) ​mosses
D) ​conifer
E) ​cycads
Question
In conifers, meiosis of diploid cells in an ovule produces ____.

A) ​microspores
B) ​pollen sacs
C) ​pollination droplets
D) ​pollen grains
E) ​megaspores
Question

<strong>​   Refer to the figure above for questions Which numbered item in the accompanying figure above represents microspores?</strong> A) ​1 B) ​2 C) ​3 D) ​4 E) ​5 <div style=padding-top: 35px>
Refer to the figure above for questions
Which numbered item in the accompanying figure above represents microspores?

A) ​1
B) ​2
C) ​3
D) ​4
E) ​5
Question

<strong>​   Refer to the figure above for questions Which numbered item in the figure above represents a female gametophyte?</strong> A) ​1 B) ​2 C) ​3 D) ​4 E) ​5 <div style=padding-top: 35px>
Refer to the figure above for questions
Which numbered item in the figure above represents a female gametophyte?

A) ​1
B) ​2
C) ​3
D) ​4
E) ​5
Question
In seed plants, the microspores become ___.

A) ​ovules
B) ​seeds
C) ​pollen grains
D) ​cones
E) ​sperm cells
Question
Four of the following fabrics are made from angiosperms. Which one is the exception?​

A) ​corn
B) ​burlap
C) ​linen
D) ​ramie
E) ​hemp
Question
The ____ are tropical and subtropical gymnosperms that resemble palms.

A) ​foxtails
B) ​gingkoes
C) ​gnetophytes
D) ​cycads
E) ​conifers
Question
<strong>  Refer to the figure above for questions In the life cycle of a fern, what is the name of the structure that produces the haploid spores?​</strong> A) ​sori B) ​rhizome C) ​gametophyte D) ​gametangium E) ​strobilus <div style=padding-top: 35px>
Refer to the figure above for questions
In the life cycle of a fern, what is the name of the structure that produces the haploid spores?​

A) ​sori
B) ​rhizome
C) ​gametophyte
D) ​gametangium
E) ​strobilus
Question
Choose the most appropriate response.​
a.​have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.​one cotyledon
c.​non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.​Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.​only one species left
f.​cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.​confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.​two cotyledons
i.​Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.​have coevolved with pollinating vectors
cycads
Question
Features that contributed to success on land include a(n) __________ that protects spores.
Question
Answer the following questions in reference to the five divisions of vascular plants listed below.​
a.​lycophytes
b.​bryophytes
c.​monocots
d.​conifers
e.​eudicots
Members of this group have seeds containing two cotyledons enclosed in an ovary.
Question
Land plants, or embryophytes, are close relatives of __________, a kind of green algae.
Question
Choose the most appropriate response.​
a.​have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.​one cotyledon
c.​non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.​Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.​only one species left
f.​cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.​confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.​two cotyledons
i.​Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.​have coevolved with pollinating vectors
horsetails
Question
Choose the most appropriate response.​
a.​have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.​one cotyledon
c.​non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.​Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.​only one species left
f.​cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.​confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.​two cotyledons
i.​Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.​have coevolved with pollinating vectors
ferns
Question
Answer the following questions in reference to the five divisions of vascular plants listed below.​
a.​lycophytes
b.​bryophytes
c.​monocots
d.​conifers
e.​eudicots
Members of this group are heterosporous with well-developed seed and pollen-bearing cones.
Question
__________ attach a gametophyte to soil or another surface.
Question
Answer the following questions in reference to the five divisions of vascular plants listed below.​
a.​lycophytes
b.​bryophytes
c.​monocots
d.​conifers
e.​eudicots
Orchids are members of this division.
Question
In seed plants, __________ allow reproduction without standing water.
Question
Ferns, roots, and fronds grow from __________.
Question
Answer the following questions in reference to the five divisions of vascular plants listed below.​
a.​lycophytes
b.​bryophytes
c.​monocots
d.​conifers
e.​eudicots
mosses, liverworts​
Question
Features that contributed to success on land include a(n) __________ and __________ that minimize water loss.
Question
Choose the most appropriate response.​
a.​have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.​one cotyledon
c.​non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.​Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.​only one species left
f.​cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.​confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.​two cotyledons
i.​Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.​have coevolved with pollinating vectors
ginkgos
Question
A(n) __________ dominates bryophyte life cycles.
Question
Choose the most appropriate response.​
a.​have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.​one cotyledon
c.​non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.​Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.​only one species left
f.​cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.​confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.​two cotyledons
i.​Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.​have coevolved with pollinating vectors
conifers
Question
Answer the following questions in reference to the five divisions of vascular plants listed below.​
a.​lycophytes
b.​bryophytes
c.​monocots
d.​conifers
e.​eudicots
The giant club mosses of the Carboniferous period were members of this group.
Question
Choose the most appropriate response.​
a.​have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.​one cotyledon
c.​non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.​Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.​only one species left
f.​cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.​confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.​two cotyledons
i.​Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.​have coevolved with pollinating vectors
club mosses
Question
Choose the most appropriate response.​
a.​have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.​one cotyledon
c.​non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.​Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.​only one species left
f.​cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.​confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.​two cotyledons
i.​Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.​have coevolved with pollinating vectors
angiosperm
Question
Answer the following questions in reference to the five divisions of vascular plants listed below.​
a.​lycophytes
b.​bryophytes
c.​monocots
d.​conifers
e.​eudicots
In members of this group the gametophyte is the dominant generation.
Question
Which would create a more acute dietary shortage for human beings: the loss of monocot crops or the loss of dicot crops?
Question
Will our modern forests eventually become coal?​
Question
Features that contributed to success on land include __________ and __________ (two types of vascular tissues).
Question
Conifers, cycads, ginkgos, and gnetophytes are all ______.
Question
Describe the challenges that plants faced when they entered the land, and how they overcame them.
Question
Why do ferns only thrive in moist environments?
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Deck 22: The Land Plants
1
Which statement concerning production of bryophyte reproductive cells is true?​

A) ​Spores and gametes are produced by meiosis.
B) ​Spores and gametes are produced by mitosis.
C) ​Spores are produced by meiosis, whereas gametes are produced by mitosis.
D) ​Spores are produced by mitosis, whereas gametes are produced by meiosis.
E) ​Spores and gametes are both used for sexual reproduction.
C
2
Although we know of threats to about ____ wild plant species, the actual number is likely much higher.

A) ​5,000
B) ​7,000
C) ​12,000
D) ​37,000
E) ​130,000
C
3
<strong>  Refer to the figure above for questions In the illustration above showing the haploid phase in the life cycle of a fern, what part represents the male gametangium?</strong> A) ​1 B) ​2 C) ​3 D) ​4 E) ​5
Refer to the figure above for questions
In the illustration above showing the haploid phase in the life cycle of a fern, what part represents the male gametangium?

A) ​1
B) ​2
C) ​3
D) ​4
E) ​5
E
4
<strong>  ​ Following Questions refer to the above figure. Which of the photographs in the above figure is an angiosperm?</strong> A) ​A B) ​B C) ​C D) ​D E) both C and D
Following Questions refer to the above figure.
Which of the photographs in the above figure is an angiosperm?

A) ​A
B) ​B
C) ​C
D) ​D
E) both C and D
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5
<strong>  ​ Following Questions refer to the above figure. A significant event influencing the rapid evolution of plants on land after their initial appearance wasthe ____.</strong> A) ​increase of atmospheric oxygen B) ​reduction of ultraviolet radiation penetration through the atmosphere C) ​stabilization of global climates D) ​increase in soil nutrients E) ​merging of land masses
Following Questions refer to the above figure.
A significant event influencing the rapid evolution of plants on land after their initial appearance wasthe ____.

A) ​increase of atmospheric oxygen
B) ​reduction of ultraviolet radiation penetration through the atmosphere
C) ​stabilization of global climates
D) ​increase in soil nutrients
E) ​merging of land masses
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6
A sorus is ____.

A) ​a fern spore
B) ​the fern gametophyte
C) ​an egg-producing structure
D) ​where the sperm are produced
E) ​a collection of sporangia
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7
Which statement concerning fertilization in ferns is true?​

A) ​The sporophyte grows from a spore.
B) ​The process requires water.
C) ​The fertilization product is haploid.
D) ​A spore is the product of fertilization.
E) ​The process occurs outside the egg-producing structure.
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8
Why is it important to maintain a collection of wild relatives of crop plants?​

A) ​Humans have a natural urge to collect things.
B) ​It allows future generations to see plants that are gone.
C) ​Seeds are not stable.
D) ​Crop plants do not produce their own seeds.
E) ​It provides insurance in the form of genetic diversity.
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9
<strong>  Following Questions refer to the above figure. In the accompanying figure, which of the following represents a multicellular, haploidreproductive stage?</strong> A) ​1 B) ​2 C) ​3 D) ​4 E) ​5
Following Questions refer to the above figure.
In the accompanying figure, which of the following represents a multicellular, haploidreproductive stage?

A) ​1
B) ​2
C) ​3
D) ​4
E) ​5
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10
<strong>  Following Questions refer to the above figure. Four of the following statements are true of xylem. Which one is the exception?​</strong> A) ​conducts water up the plant B) ​conducts mineral ions up the plant C) ​connects with roots D) ​connects with leaves E) ​transports sugars
Following Questions refer to the above figure.
Four of the following statements are true of xylem. Which one is the exception?​

A) ​conducts water up the plant
B) ​conducts mineral ions up the plant
C) ​connects with roots
D) ​connects with leaves
E) ​transports sugars
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11
The Svalbard Global Seed Vault is located on a ____ island.

A) ​Dutch
B) ​Swiss
C) ​Danish
D) ​Swedish
E) ​Norwegian
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12
Which specialization evolved in land plants to allow for reproduction in dry conditions?​

A) ​xylem
B) ​phloem
C) ​stomata
D) ​roots
E) ​sporophyte dominance
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13
<strong>  ​ Following Questions refer to the above figure. Which of the photographs in the above figure represents the bryophyte?</strong> A) ​A B) ​B C) ​C D) ​D E) both B and C
Following Questions refer to the above figure.
Which of the photographs in the above figure represents the bryophyte?

A) ​A
B) ​B
C) ​C
D) ​D
E) both B and C
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14
<strong>  Following Questions refer to the above figure. In the accompanying figure, which of the following represents a multicellular, diploidreproductive stage?​</strong> A) ​1 B) ​2 C) ​3 D) ​4 E) ​5
Following Questions refer to the above figure.
In the accompanying figure, which of the following represents a multicellular, diploidreproductive stage?​

A) ​1
B) ​2
C) ​3
D) ​4
E) ​5
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15
In horsetails, lycophytes, and whisk ferns, ____​.

A) ​spores give rise to gametophytes
B) ​the main plant body is a gametophyte
C) ​the sporophyte bears sperm- and egg-producing organs
D) ​the gametophyte is the dominant stage in the life cycle
E) ​the gametophyte produces spores
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16
<strong>  Mosses have ____.</strong> A) ​xylem B) ​lignin C) ​true stems D) ​rhizoids E) ​independent sporophytes
Mosses have ____.

A) ​xylem
B) ​lignin
C) ​true stems
D) ​rhizoids
E) ​independent sporophytes
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17
The cuticle of a plant is primarily for ____.

A) ​retention of water
B) ​conduction of water
C) ​absorption of carbon dioxide
D) ​protection from strong sunlight
E) ​mechanical support
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18
<strong>  Four of these statements are true about the structure in the image above. Which statement is FALSE?​</strong> A) ​It is used for reproduction. B) ​It is used for gas exchange. C) ​It is used for water conservation. D) ​It extends across the cuticle. E) ​It is a stoma.
Four of these statements are true about the structure in the image above. Which statement is FALSE?​

A) ​It is used for reproduction.
B) ​It is used for gas exchange.
C) ​It is used for water conservation.
D) ​It extends across the cuticle.
E) ​It is a stoma.
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19
A key innovation that helped sporophyte dominant plants survive in high, dry environments is ____.

A) ​flagellated sperm
B) ​the cuticle
C) ​xylem
D) ​phloem
E) ​lignin
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20
Which of the following is considered to be most closely related to land plants?​

A) ​red algae
B) ​chlorophytes
C) ​charophytes
D) ​trypanosomes
E) ​brown algae
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21
Four of the following are characteristic of the majority of vascular plants. Which one is the exception?​

A) ​They have leaves.
B) ​They possess dependent gametophytes.
C) ​They produce seeds.
D) ​They have rhizoids.
E) ​They produce microspores and megaspores.
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22
Four of the following plants aremonocots. Which one is the exception?

A) ​orchid
B) ​wheat
C) ​maple
D) ​grass
E) ​palm
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23
Oils from rapeseed and hemp are used in four of the following. Which one is the exception?​

A) ​detergents
B) ​dye
C) ​skin care products
D) ​fuel
E) ​industrial lubricants
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24

<strong>​   Refer to the figure above for questions Four of these statements about conifers are true. Which one is the exception?</strong> A) ​They form seeds in female cones. B) ​They have needlelike and scale-like leaves. C) ​They have a thick cuticle. D) ​They have motile sperm. E) ​They are mostly evergreen.
Refer to the figure above for questions
Four of these statements about conifers are true. Which one is the exception?

A) ​They form seeds in female cones.
B) ​They have needlelike and scale-like leaves.
C) ​They have a thick cuticle.
D) ​They have motile sperm.
E) ​They are mostly evergreen.
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25
Which of the following is made from tree bark?​

A) ​cinnamon
B) ​cocaine
C) ​maple syrup
D) ​hemp
E) ​saffron
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26
Which plants are widely planted in cities because of their resistance to insect predators, air pollution, and disease?​

A) ​horsetails
B) ​ginkgoes
C) ​pines
D) ​spruces
E) ​junipers
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27
The seed develops from the ____.

A) ​gametophyte
B) ​ovary
C) ​ovule
D) ​pollen grain
E) ​zygote
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28
The rapid expansion of angiosperms late in the Mesozoic era appears to be related to their coevolution with ____.

A) ​dinosaurs
B) ​gymnosperms
C) ​insects
D) ​mammals
E) ​birds
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29
Choose the most appropriate response.​
a.​have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.​one cotyledon
c.​non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.​Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.​only one species left
f.​cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.​confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.​two cotyledons
i.​Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.​have coevolved with pollinating vectors
eudicots
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30
Choose the most appropriate response.​
a.​have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.​one cotyledon
c.​non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.​Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.​only one species left
f.​cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.​confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.​two cotyledons
i.​Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.​have coevolved with pollinating vectors
monocots
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31
Four of the following are C₃ grasses. Which one is the exception?​

A) ​wheat
B) ​oats
C) ​barley
D) ​rice
E) ​legumes
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32

<strong>​   Refer to the figure above for questions In the accompanying illustration depicting the life cycle of a conifer (pine), which numbered item represents the sporophyte?​</strong> A) ​1 B) ​2 C) ​3 D) ​4 E) ​5
Refer to the figure above for questions
In the accompanying illustration depicting the life cycle of a conifer (pine), which numbered item represents the sporophyte?​

A) ​1
B) ​2
C) ​3
D) ​4
E) ​5
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33
Dependence on animal vectors for fertilization and dispersal is characteristic of many species of ____.

A) ​ferns
B) ​angiosperms
C) ​mosses
D) ​conifer
E) ​cycads
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34
In conifers, meiosis of diploid cells in an ovule produces ____.

A) ​microspores
B) ​pollen sacs
C) ​pollination droplets
D) ​pollen grains
E) ​megaspores
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35

<strong>​   Refer to the figure above for questions Which numbered item in the accompanying figure above represents microspores?</strong> A) ​1 B) ​2 C) ​3 D) ​4 E) ​5
Refer to the figure above for questions
Which numbered item in the accompanying figure above represents microspores?

A) ​1
B) ​2
C) ​3
D) ​4
E) ​5
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36

<strong>​   Refer to the figure above for questions Which numbered item in the figure above represents a female gametophyte?</strong> A) ​1 B) ​2 C) ​3 D) ​4 E) ​5
Refer to the figure above for questions
Which numbered item in the figure above represents a female gametophyte?

A) ​1
B) ​2
C) ​3
D) ​4
E) ​5
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37
In seed plants, the microspores become ___.

A) ​ovules
B) ​seeds
C) ​pollen grains
D) ​cones
E) ​sperm cells
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38
Four of the following fabrics are made from angiosperms. Which one is the exception?​

A) ​corn
B) ​burlap
C) ​linen
D) ​ramie
E) ​hemp
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39
The ____ are tropical and subtropical gymnosperms that resemble palms.

A) ​foxtails
B) ​gingkoes
C) ​gnetophytes
D) ​cycads
E) ​conifers
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40
<strong>  Refer to the figure above for questions In the life cycle of a fern, what is the name of the structure that produces the haploid spores?​</strong> A) ​sori B) ​rhizome C) ​gametophyte D) ​gametangium E) ​strobilus
Refer to the figure above for questions
In the life cycle of a fern, what is the name of the structure that produces the haploid spores?​

A) ​sori
B) ​rhizome
C) ​gametophyte
D) ​gametangium
E) ​strobilus
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41
Choose the most appropriate response.​
a.​have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.​one cotyledon
c.​non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.​Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.​only one species left
f.​cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.​confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.​two cotyledons
i.​Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.​have coevolved with pollinating vectors
cycads
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42
Features that contributed to success on land include a(n) __________ that protects spores.
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43
Answer the following questions in reference to the five divisions of vascular plants listed below.​
a.​lycophytes
b.​bryophytes
c.​monocots
d.​conifers
e.​eudicots
Members of this group have seeds containing two cotyledons enclosed in an ovary.
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44
Land plants, or embryophytes, are close relatives of __________, a kind of green algae.
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45
Choose the most appropriate response.​
a.​have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.​one cotyledon
c.​non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.​Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.​only one species left
f.​cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.​confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.​two cotyledons
i.​Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.​have coevolved with pollinating vectors
horsetails
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46
Choose the most appropriate response.​
a.​have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.​one cotyledon
c.​non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.​Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.​only one species left
f.​cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.​confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.​two cotyledons
i.​Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.​have coevolved with pollinating vectors
ferns
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47
Answer the following questions in reference to the five divisions of vascular plants listed below.​
a.​lycophytes
b.​bryophytes
c.​monocots
d.​conifers
e.​eudicots
Members of this group are heterosporous with well-developed seed and pollen-bearing cones.
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48
__________ attach a gametophyte to soil or another surface.
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49
Answer the following questions in reference to the five divisions of vascular plants listed below.​
a.​lycophytes
b.​bryophytes
c.​monocots
d.​conifers
e.​eudicots
Orchids are members of this division.
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50
In seed plants, __________ allow reproduction without standing water.
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51
Ferns, roots, and fronds grow from __________.
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52
Answer the following questions in reference to the five divisions of vascular plants listed below.​
a.​lycophytes
b.​bryophytes
c.​monocots
d.​conifers
e.​eudicots
mosses, liverworts​
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53
Features that contributed to success on land include a(n) __________ and __________ that minimize water loss.
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54
Choose the most appropriate response.​
a.​have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.​one cotyledon
c.​non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.​Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.​only one species left
f.​cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.​confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.​two cotyledons
i.​Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.​have coevolved with pollinating vectors
ginkgos
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55
A(n) __________ dominates bryophyte life cycles.
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56
Choose the most appropriate response.​
a.​have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.​one cotyledon
c.​non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.​Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.​only one species left
f.​cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.​confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.​two cotyledons
i.​Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.​have coevolved with pollinating vectors
conifers
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57
Answer the following questions in reference to the five divisions of vascular plants listed below.​
a.​lycophytes
b.​bryophytes
c.​monocots
d.​conifers
e.​eudicots
The giant club mosses of the Carboniferous period were members of this group.
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58
Choose the most appropriate response.​
a.​have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.​one cotyledon
c.​non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.​Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.​only one species left
f.​cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.​confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.​two cotyledons
i.​Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.​have coevolved with pollinating vectors
club mosses
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59
Choose the most appropriate response.​
a.​have rhizoids, cuticle, and protected embryo sporophyte
b.​one cotyledon
c.​non-seed-bearing, heart-shaped gametophytes; spore-bearing leaves with sori
d.​Lycopodium; cone-bearing sporophyte; free-living gametophyte
e.​only one species left
f.​cypress and redwood; heterosporous; mostly evergreen
g.​confined to tropics or warm, temperate zones; resemble squat cone-bearing palm trees
h.​two cotyledons
i.​Equisetum; homosporous; rhizomes present; aerial stems jointed; scouring rushes
j.​have coevolved with pollinating vectors
angiosperm
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60
Answer the following questions in reference to the five divisions of vascular plants listed below.​
a.​lycophytes
b.​bryophytes
c.​monocots
d.​conifers
e.​eudicots
In members of this group the gametophyte is the dominant generation.
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61
Which would create a more acute dietary shortage for human beings: the loss of monocot crops or the loss of dicot crops?
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62
Will our modern forests eventually become coal?​
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63
Features that contributed to success on land include __________ and __________ (two types of vascular tissues).
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64
Conifers, cycads, ginkgos, and gnetophytes are all ______.
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65
Describe the challenges that plants faced when they entered the land, and how they overcame them.
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66
Why do ferns only thrive in moist environments?
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