Deck 22: Diagnostics, specimens, and Oncologic Considerations

Question 1

Sensory evoked potential (SEP)is useful in diagnosing which type of abnormality?

A)Hepatic tumor
B)Kidney stones
C)Acoustic neuroma
D)Air embolus

Answer 1

C
SEP is used to measure neural pathways and involves the placement of recording electrodes over peripheral nerves or the scalp or ears.These measurements taken preoperatively can assist in the diagnosis of acoustic neuroma.

Question 2

What form of nuclear imaging emits positrons,causing gamma rays to be discharged?

A)MRI
B)PET
C)Ultrasound
D)Fluoroscopy

Answer 2

B
Positron emission tomography (PET)is a form of nuclear imaging that combines elements of CT scanning and nuclear scanning to create a picture that represents the brain or other organs.The radioisotopes used emit positrons that cause pairs of gamma rays to be discharged and converted into images.

Question 3

What type of biopsy involves removing the mass or entire structure from the body?

A)Brush
B)Excisional
C)Incisional
D)Smear

Answer 3

B
During an excisional biopsy,the mass or entire structure is cut and removed from the body.Some excisional biopsies can be performed endoscopically.

Question 4

If a secondary small bowel tumor is removed and positive lymph nodes and signs of metastases in the liver are found,how would the tumor be identified?

A)T1 N0 M1
B)T2 N1 M1
C)T2 N1 M0
D)T1 N1 M1

Question 5

What type of cancer treatment involves the partial removal of the tumor?

A)Endocrine therapy
B)Surgical palliation
C)Surgical debulking
D)Ablation of tumor

Question 6

What type of specimen is collected with a circular sharp,hollow tip?

A)Aspiration biopsy
B)Brush biopsy
C)Punch biopsy
D)Smear

Question 7

What type of tumor grows slowly and resembles the parent tissue of origin?

A)Percutaneous
B)Benign
C)Malignant
D)Prophylactic

Question 8

What may pose a possible risk of allergic reaction to contrast media used during a radiologic procedure?

A)Allergy to feline hair
B)Iodine sensitivity
C)Rash caused by surgical tape
D)Allergy to polypropylene suture

Question 9

What type of cancer cells are contained within the organ of origin?

A)Regional cancer
B)Carcinoma in situ
C)Metastatic cancer
D)Localized cancer

Question 10

According to the American Cancer Society,which is a common clinical sign of cancer?

A)Palpable mass
B)Abnormal bleeding or discharge
C)Nonhealing lesion
D)All of the above

Question 11

Which commonly used contrast medium is given to patients to drink before GI studies.

A)Omnipaque
B)Barium sulfate
C)Iodine/Betadine
D)Magnesium sulfate

Question 12

What group of people should receive a mammogram?

A)Women more than 50 years old
B)Women between the ages of 20 and 35
C)Men with a familial history of maternal breast cancer
D)Mammograms are not recommended for any age group

Question 13

____________ may contribute to the formation of cancerous tumors.

A)Holistic medical care
B)Radiation
C)Endoscopy
D)Excessive protein intake

Question 14

What type of radiologic study can accompany a cholecystectomy?

A)Bronchography
B)Cholangiography
C)Myelography
D)Fluoroscopy

Question 15

What is one key factor to consider when attempting to minimize radiation exposure?

A)Position
B)Time
C)Square footage
D)Sensitivity

Question 16

A malignant tumor

A)migrates from tissue to tissue.
B)grows in an organized manner.
C)increases in size slowly.
D)must always be debulked.

Question 17

What type of culture requires immediate attention?

A)Smears
B)Biopsy
C)Aerobic
D)Anaerobic

Question 18

Why would an incidental radiograph be taken during a surgical procedure?

A)To check suture lines
B)To look for bleeding
C)To confirm whether an instrument is still in the patient
D)To ensure the bowel anastomosis has a watertight seal

Question 19

What type of procedure does not enter the patient's body and uses equipment placed near the patient's skin?

A)Invasive
B)Interventional
C)Noninvasive
D)Percutaneous

Question 20

What type of radiologic procedure is used to study a joint after the injection of gas or contrast into it?

A)Ventriculography
B)Computed tomography
C)Arthrography
D)Ultrasonography

Question 21

Doppler can be used only to evaluate arterial blood flow.

Question 22

What factors help determine how the tumor cells respond to chemotherapy?

A)Type of tumor
B)Sex of the patient (male vs.female)
C)Age of patient
D)Type of tumor debulking

Question 23

Endoscopy is only used to visualize body cavities and structures so that a diagnosis can be obtained.

Question 24

An air embolus in the right atrium is corrected by placing the patient in the right lateral position.

Question 25

The use of vigorous scrubbing while prepping over underlying tumors is discouraged because of potential complications that could result.

Question 26

What type of infusion device has a reservoir that is implanted within a subcutaneous pocket?

A)Intraperitoneal catheter
B)Hickman catheter
C)Groshong catheter
D)Subcutaneous infusion port

Question 27

Because MRI uses a large electromagnet,metallic devices are allowed into the MRI machine as long as they are stainless steel.

Question 28

Which is a location where an infusion catheter can be inserted?

A)Artery
B)Lymph node
C)External pouch
D)Peripheral nailbed

Question 29

What type of hormonal therapy is an option in the treatment of cancer?

A)Antiestrogens
B)Antibiotics
C)Hormonal receptors
D)Endocrine manipulation

Question 30

Ultrasound is helpful in diagnosing whether emboli are present in the bloodstream.

Question 31

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)uses radiation.

Question 32

The term diagnosis refers to the art or the act of determining the nature of a patient's disease.

Question 33

Angiography assists in the diagnosis of AV malformations,aneurysms,tumors,or vascular accidents.

Question 34

What reaction may a patient have to radiation therapy?

A)Nausea
B)Increased appetite
C)Increased visual acuity
D)Weight gain

Question 35

Which is a behavior that can be taught to patients to lower the risk of cancer?

A)Increase intake of anti-inflammatory medications while exposed to sunlight.
B)Use a sunscreen lotion with SPF of at least 5.
C)Increase daily caloric intake.
D)Avoid exposure to secondhand smoke.

Question 36

Which is a potential complication of a long-term catheter?

A)Spread of cancer cells
B)Loss of bladder control
C)Thrombosis
D)Loss of vascular elasticity

Question 37

Which is a type of radiation source that can be implanted?

A)Fluoroscopy
B)Brachytherapy
C)Intraperitoneal
D)Subclavian

Question 38

Tissue specimens should not be allowed to dry out.

Question 39

Frozen sections can be placed in formalin until the pathologist can examine the specimen.

Question 40

Venous impedance plethysmography measures reflux in the lower extremities.