Deck 42: Body Mechanics: Positioning and Moving Patients

Question 1

When standing,where is the body's approximate center of gravity?

A) Near 35% of the body's total height from the ground
B) Near 55% of the body's total height from the ground
C) Near the heart
D) Near the diaphragm

Answer 1

B
When standing,the body's center of gravity is located at approximately 55% of the body's total height from the ground: in the pelvic cavity,slightly anterior to the upper part of the sacrum.

Question 2

Which shoulder position is recommended to increase upper chest wall movement and thoracic extension?

A) Glenohumeral internal rotation and scapular protraction
B) Glenohumeral abduction and scapular elevation
C) Glenohumeral external rotation and scapular retraction
D) Glenohumeral flexion and scapular elevation

Answer 2

C
Internal rotation of the shoulders and scapular protraction may restrict expansion of the upper chest.On the other hand,external rotation of the shoulders may increase upper chest wall movement and thoracic extension.

Question 3

How do upright postures create a challenge to breathing?

A) By adding the component of balance
B) By increasing the effect of gravity on rib expansion
C) By narrowing airways
D) By decreasing heart rate

Answer 3

A
Upright postures create challenges to breathing by adding the components of balance and an unsupported spinal column.Also,patients with poor trunk support may sit in a slumped position,which decreases tidal volume and minute ventilation.

Question 4

Which positioning maneuver for the upright patient may reduce the kyphotic curve in the thoracic spine,improve upper extremity ROM,and improve ventilation?

A) Anterior tilting of the pelvis
B) Posterior tilting of the pelvis
C) Extension of bilateral knees
D) Lowering seat height

Question 5

Which occupations account for more than half of the annual prevalence of low back pain among health care personnel?

A) Physicians and laboratory technicians
B) Anesthesiologists and dentists
C) Nurses and therapists
D) Paramedics and ambulance drivers

Question 6

Which position is generally best for a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?

A) Supine
B) Side-lying
C) Hook-lying
D) Prone

Question 7

Which patient position limits the effect of gravity on anterior expansion of the lungs?

A) Supine
B) Side-lying
C) Hook-lying
D) Prone

Question 8

Which term describes the counting and identifying of technical attachments?

A) Cord count
B) Tube index
C) Foley record
D) Line measurement

Question 9

Which action will facilitate the breathing of a patient in supine?

A) Adding a pillow beneath the patient's head
B) Adding a pillow beneath the patient's low back
C) Adding towel rolls beneath the patient's shoulders
D) Removing pillows from beneath the patient's head

Question 10

To what level should a patient's bed be adjusted to facilitate a lift by a practitioner?

A) The lifter's mid-thigh level
B) The lifter's hip level
C) The lifter's thoracic level
D) The lifter's elbow level

Question 11

Which position of the trunk in sitting is most apt to increase respiratory muscle endurance in patients with COPD?

A) Posterior inclination with arms outstretched behind the patient
B) Completely upright posture with arms at the patient's sides
C) Anterior inclination with arms braced in front of the patient
D) Left lateral inclination, leaning on the patient's left elbow

Question 12

Which explains the relationship between a person's center of gravity and his or her body stability?

A) The higher a person's center of gravity, the greater his or her body stability.
B) The lower a person's center of gravity, the lesser his or her body stability.
C) The farther anterior a person's center of gravity, the greater his or her body stability.
D) The lower a person's center of gravity, the greater his or her body stability.

Question 13

Which of the following is an appropriate lifting tip?

A) Lift with your legs.
B) Do not attempt to lift solely with your arms and back.
C) Avoid rotation of the spine when lifting.
D) All of the above

Question 14

In a patient with right lower lung pneumonia or atelectasis,which position is recommended to improve oxygenation?

A) Supine
B) Right side-lying
C) Left side-lying
D) Prone

Question 15

Where may a towel roll be placed to promote anterior tilting of a patient's pelvis when sitting and,in turn,improve ventilation?

A) Beneath bilateral thighs
B) Behind the thoracic curve
C) Posterior to the ischial tuberosities
D) Anterior to the ischial tuberosities