Deck 4: Physical Health and Well Being

Question 1

What factor causes an increased risk of developing osteoporosis?

A) large body frame
B) genes
C) small body frame
D) chromosomes

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Presbyopia is a condition in which _____________ is impaired.

A) hearing
B) muscle strength
C) kidney function
D) near vision

Answer 2

D

Question 3

According to your text,__________ and __________ have longer life expectancies after the age of 65 than Americans.

A) English and Welsh
B) Canadians and English
C) Austrians and Welsh
D) Japanese and French

Answer 3

D

Question 4

_______ percent of Americans 65 and over live successfully or nearly successfully in the community.

A) 25
B) 50
C) 75
D) 95

Question 5

The absolute human life span is considered to be ______ years.

A) 92
B) 105
C) 120
D) 150

Question 6

Which group has a 30% higher risk of death than the white population?

A) black
B) Native Americans
C) Hispanic
D) Asian

Question 7

ADLs include what tasks?

A) washing, feeding, and dressing.
B) housework and preparing food
C) cleaning and shopping
D) managing money

Question 8

All of the following decrease with age EXCEPT

A) volume of digestive juices
B) bladder capacity
C) reflex action
D) level of sex hormones

Question 9

Artheroschlerosis occurs when

A) cartilage becomes soft and wears away, exposing underlying bone.
B) fat and cholestoral crystals accumulate on the walls of the arteries.
C) uncontrolled, invasive cell growth begins to interfere with body functions.
D) there is hemorrhage (bleeding) in the brain.

Question 10

Thrombosis is closely associated with

A) atherosclerosis.
B) arteriosclerosis.
C) hypertension.
D) excess body fat.

Question 11

All of the following are observable body changes correlated with aging EXCEPT

A) gum disease.
B) decreased skin elasticity.
C) body cells absorb more calcium.
D) the body becomes less erect.

Question 12

Gender comparisons regarding heart attacks show

A) women are more likely to suffer heart attacks before age 65.
B) men are more likely to suffer heart attacks after age 65.
C) women are more likely to die from a heart attack.
D) the symptoms of heart attack are similar for men and women.

Question 13

Which of the following contribute to atherosclerosis?

A) high cholesterol and blood pressure
B) a diet high in refined sugars and saturated fats
C) obesity and stress
D) All of these choices

Question 14

What is considered as the risk factor for developing coronary heart disease?

A) lack of exercise
B) excess body fat
C) high LDL levels
D) low HDL levels

Question 15

The majority of noninstitutionalized elders in the U.S.have

A) no chronic conditions.
B) relatively minor chronic conditions.
C) some form of mental disability.
D) physical disabilities of some sort.

Question 16

Treatments for osteoarthritis include

A) exercise.
B) antiinflammatory drugs and steroids.
C) reduction of strain.
D) all of these choices

Question 17

The major killing disease in the U.S.and other industrialized countries is

A) coronary artery disease.
B) cancer
C) diabetes.
D) cerebrovascular disease (stroke).

Question 18

Which of the following statements more accurately depicts health status of older Americans today?

A) The majority over the age of 65 are in poor health.
B) The health status of the 65-year-old is much worse than that of the 45-year old.
C) Those over age 75 have noticeable physical declines compared with middle-age.
D) Health suddenly begins to decline at age 65.

Question 19

The most common cause of accidental death among the elderly is

A) automobile accidents.
B) burns.
C) falls.
D) drowning.

Question 20

An infarct is

A) uncontrolled, invasive cell growth.
B) dead heart tissue due to deficient blood supply.
C) hemorrhage (bleeding) in the brain.
D) loss of blood to the brain due to thrombosis.

Question 21

Free radicals are

A) a byproduct of abnormal metabolism that occurs with obesity or undue stress.
B) antibodies given off into the body by specific diseases.
C) highly reactive molecules that mangle vital enzymes and membranes .
D) artificial hormones that produce disease-resisting enzymes in the body.

Question 22

A high fiber diet protects an individual against what ailment(s)?

A) constipation and intestinal disease
B) gallstones and cancer
C) diverticulitis
D) all of these choices

Question 23

Obesity increases problems of

A) heart disease.
B) diabetes.
C) hypertension.
D) All of these choices

Question 24

All of the following factors contribute to nutritional difficulties for the very old EXCEPT

A) slowing digestive processes
B) high levels of cholesterol
C) reduced keenness of taste and smell
D) arthritis

Question 25

A major study of those over 100 years of age found that they died of organic failure due to all of the following EXCEPT

A) cerebrovascular disease.
B) respiratory illnesses.
C) cardiovascular diseases.
D) old age.

Question 26

All of the following are believed to be causes of osteoporosis EXCEPT

A) inadequate diet.
B) cigarette smoking.
C) lack of vigorous physical activity.
D) testosterone deficiency.

Question 27

Because of reduced kidney function,elders should eat less _______ to avoid kidney strain.

A) whole grain
B) protein
C) vegetable fiber
D) saturated fat

Question 28

Studies of caloric restriction and longevity in animals show that

A) with caloric restriction, diseases are not reduced but longevity is still enhanced.
B) with caloric restriction animals live longer and have a lower incidence of heart disease and cancer.
C) only obese animals show increase of disease and shortened life spans.
D) animals that followed their usual diets live longer than those with lower or higher caloric intake.

Question 29

_________ theories of aging propose that as people age they develop a greater capacity to produce antibodies that destroy even normal cells.

A) Cellular
B) Autoimmune
C) Genetic
D) Disease

Question 30

Damage theories are based on the idea that

A) individuals damage cells by environmental factors.
B) aging is the result of accumulated errors.
C) aging is driven by genetics.
D) muscle damage from excessive exercise causes premature aging.

Question 31

Exercise for people in late life is

A) contributes to health even if not begun until later life.
B) only valuable if it was started at an early age.
C) dangerous and risky after the age of 75.
D) only beneficial if it is vigorous and aerobic.

Question 32

Our "biological clock" begins at

A) 30 for women.
B) 45 for men.
C) conception.
D) around 30 for both men and women.

Question 33

_______ theory of aging proposes that irreplaceable body parts simply wear out.

A) Immunological
B) Genetic
C) Disease
D) Cellular wear and tear

Question 34

The type of arthritis that most often poses problems for those 65 and older is

A) rheumatoid arthritis.
B) gout.
C) osteoarthritis.
D) fibromyalgia.

Question 35

Senescence refers to

A) onset of the degenerative process associated with age.
B) cognitive loss of memory and problem solving functions that begin about age 45.
C) the social process of transition to retirement and the social roles of later life.
D) the psychological process by which person comes to accept aging as inevitable.

Question 36

Osteoarthritis that occurs late in life is most likely to be

A) in the large or overused joints.
B) due to injury or vigorous wear and tear.
C) in the small joints, such as finger.
D) in non-weight-bearing joints.

Question 37

Among older adults falls are the most common cause of accidental death.Other major causes include

A) suffocation from objects ingested and burns.
B) overdose on prescribed medicine.
C) car accidents.
D) medical and surgical complications.

Question 38

Bone loss from inadequate diet,reduced calcium absorption efficiency,and inadequate physical activity can result in a condition called

A) presbyopia.
B) cardiovascular disease.
C) osteoporosis.
D) osteoarthritis.

Question 39

The life expectancy for a child born today is about

A) 120 years.
B) 80 years.
C) 70 years.
D) 65 years.

Question 40

A nutritional study of elderly sportsmen demonstrated a correlation between maximum oxygen uptake as a measure of physical fitness and

A) folic acid.
B) calcium.
C) vitamin E.
D) vitamin C.

Question 41

A longitudinal study of master athletes predicts that athletic performance will not decline significantly until age

A) 35.
B) 40.
C) 50.
D) 60.

Question 42

Absolute human life span is the maximum chronological age that a human can live.

Question 43

Acute diseases decline with age.

Question 44

A high waist-to-hip ratio of excess body fat was more strongly related to coronary heart disease among men than uniform excess weight over the body.

Question 45

Scientists believe that low caloric intake helps protect the immune system.

Question 46

Women are more likely to live in poverty and have fewer chronic illnesses than men.

Question 47

A longitudinal study of the health and lifestyles of Harvard men found

A) they could not offset an inherited tendency toward early death with exercise.
B) they could reduce the negative effects of cigarette smoking with exercise.
C) they created better health with exercise but did not affect longevity.
D) humility caused them to be healthy and lived longer.

Question 48

Presbyopia is a heart condition.

Question 49

Most of the major health problems of old age result from the aging process,rather than the presence of diseases.

Question 50

Cell damage is mainly due to changes in one dominate tissue.

Question 51

A recent study of elders with cancer showed cancer substantially reduced their physical function.

Question 52

Some general causes of cancer include an excess amount of fluid ingested.

Question 53

A study of centenarians cited in your text described them as

A) mostly vegetarian.
B) assertive and forceful
C) scoring high on conforming
D) having a high intake of saturated fats

Question 54

Rheumatoid arthritis and gout are rare and more painful than just the general arthritis.

Question 55

Which of the following personality traits is LEAST likely to be life shortening?

A) egocentrism
B) depression
C) antagonistic hostility
D) extrovertion

Question 56

With aging,the body's immune system increases in its capacity to protect a person from disease.

Question 57

According to your text,what kind of exercise is specifically stated to benefit the elderly?

A) aerobic
B) strength training and flexibility exercises
C) bicycling
D) tennis

Question 58

A shortened life is statistically correlated with all of the following EXCEPT

A) divorce for women.
B) an imbalance of work and leisure.
C) too little sleep.
D) too much sleep.

Question 59

Coronary disease results in deficient blood supply to the heart.

Question 60

New bone formation is stimulated by medication and diet.

Question 61

What are the main causes of accidents among the elderly? What can be done to help prevent accidents of the elderly?

Question 62

Explain the following theories of aging and the implications of these theories for delaying aging: programmed theories,immunological theories,damage theories,and theories of free radicals.

Question 63

What are the three leading causes of death among older adults in the United States? What steps can we take to prevent each of these causes of mortality?

Question 64

What physiological and sociopsychological factors compound nutritional problems for the very old?

Question 65

. Physicians believe strength-training is inappropriate for elderly over 75 years old.

Question 66

Why is exercise important for the elderly? What kind of exercise helps the elderly?

Question 67

What is the relationship between coronary heart disease,atheroschlerosis,hypertension,thrombosis,and excess body fat? What factors are thought to lead of these conditions?