Deck 8: Image Production

Question 1

Differential absorption occurs because different tissues have varying amounts of:

A) photoelectric interactions
B) Compton scattering
C) coherent scattering
D) pair production

Answer 1

photoelectric interactions

Question 2

In producing a radiographic image,which of the following occurs last?

A) differential absorption
B) quality and quantity of x-ray beam is set at console
C) radiation interacts with image receptor
D) radiation exits the patient with different energies

Answer 2

radiation interacts with image receptor

Question 3

The secondary photon that results from the photoelectric interaction:

A) has the same energy as the incident photon
B) has high energy
C) has low energy
D) typically leaves the patient as scatter radiation

Answer 3

has low energy

Question 4

The probability of a Compton interaction occurring depends on:

A) the type of tissue being imaged
B) the binding energy of the atom's inner-shell electron
C) the energy of the incoming x-ray photon
D) all of the above

Question 5

The latent image that is formed on the image receptor is the:

A) visible image
B) invisible image
C) A and B
D) none of the above

Question 6

Attenuation of the x-ray beam in the diagnostic range is due to:

A) absorption
B) scattering
C) transmission
D) A and B

Question 7

With the photoelectric interaction,after the incident photon ejects an inner-shell electron,the energy of the photon is:

A) greater than the original energy
B) the same as the original energy
C) slightly less than the original energy
D) none of the above

Question 8

Scatter radiation may:

A) expose people near the patient
B) increase patient exposure
C) contributes no useful information if it strikes the image receptor
D) all of the above

Question 9

Coherent scattering:

A) is a significant interaction during radiographic imaging
B) has minimal effect on the imaging process
C) never affects the diagnostic image
D) none of the above

Question 10

The device that receives the radiation after it exits the patient is the:

A) remnant beam
B) primary beam
C) image receptor
D) none of the above

Question 11

At higher kilovoltages within the diagnostic range:

A) the percentage of photoelectric interactions increase
B) the percentage of photoelectric interactions decrease
C) the percentage of photoelectric interactions remains the same
D) none of the above

Question 12

The photoelectric interaction involves removal of:

A) an inner-shell electron
B) an outer-shell electron
C) both inner- and outer-shell electrons
D) no electrons

Question 13

Film-screen or digital are examples of: 

A) x-ray room types
B) image receptors
C) x-ray beam characteristics
D) none of the above

Question 14

The ability to remove electrons from an atom is:

A) absorption
B) transmission
C) ionization
D) none of the above

Question 15

Complete absorption of the diagnostic range x-ray photon is the interaction known as:

A) Compton scattering
B) photoelectric interaction
C) classical scattering
D) photodisintegration

Question 16

In producing a radiographic image,which of the following occurs first?

A) differential absorption
B) quality and quantity of x-ray beam is set at console
C) radiation interacts with image receptor
D) radiation exits the patient with different energies

Question 17

Scattering in the diagnostic range is due to:

A) photoelectric interactions
B) absorption
C) the Compton effect
D) all of the above

Question 18

The probability of a Compton interaction is _______________ in bone than soft tissue.

A) less
B) the same
C) higher
D) none of the above

Question 19

At higher kilovoltages within the diagnostic range:

A) the percentage of Compton interactions increase
B) the percentage of Compton interactions decrease
C) the percentage of Compton interactions remains the same
D) none of the above

Question 20

Transmission refers to:

A) all x-rays in the beam before entering the patient
B) x-rays leaving the patient that did not interact with atoms
C) all x-rays leaving the patient
D) the process of sending the x-ray beam through the patient

Question 21

Imaging which of the following results in the most attenuation?

A) bone
B) air in lungs
C) fat
D) muscle

Question 22

Scatter radiation that reaches the image receptor creates:

A) unwanted density
B) useful information
C) fog
D) A and C

Question 23

After processing,there is a __________ image.

A) visible
B) manifest
C) latent
D) A and B

Question 24

Increasing the thickness of the part being imaged results in:

A) increased attenuation
B) decreased attenuation
C) no change in attenuation

Question 25

Imaging which of the following results in the least attenuation?

A) bone
B) air in lungs
C) fat
D) muscle

Question 26

Tissue that is more dense results in:

A) increased attenuation
B) decreased attenuation
C) no change in attenuation

Question 27

A high-energy beam results in

A) increased attenuation
B) decreased attenuation
C) no change in attenuation

Question 28

Matter per unit volume defines:

A) tissue thickness
B) tissue density
C) tissue composition
D) tissue attenuation

Question 29

Imaging a thicker part results in:

A) more x-ray photons reaching the image receptor
B) fewer x-ray photons reaching the image receptor
C) no change in the number of photons reaching the image receptor
D) none of the above

Question 30

Tissues with higher atomic numbers appear __________ on a digital image.

A) darker
B) lighter
C) brighter
D) less bright

Question 31

The various shades of gray or brightness created on the radiographic image:

A) are present because of differential absorption
B) makes the anatomic structures visible
C) represent the radiation that was absorbed or transmitted
D) all of the above

Question 32

Before processing,the image receptor has a(n)__________ image.

A) latent
B) visible
C) invisible
D) A and C

Question 33

For every 4-5 cm of tissue,the x-ray beam quantity is reduced by approximately:

A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 75%

Question 34

A low-kilovoltage x-ray beam results in:

A) increased attenuation
B) decreased attenuation
C) no change in attenuation

Question 35

Intensifying screens are associated with:

A) film-screen imaging
B) digital imaging
C) film-screen and digital imaging

Question 36

Less than _________ of the primary beam entering the part reaches the image receptor.

A) 1%
B) 5%
C) 18%
D) 99%

Question 37

Another name for remnant radiation is:

A) transmitted radiation
B) scatter radiation
C) exit radiation
D) none of the above

Question 38

Imaging tissues with lower atomic numbers results in:

A) increased attenuation
B) decreased attenuation
C) no change in attenuation

Question 39

The computer is associated with:

A) film-screen imaging
B) digital imaging
C) film-screen and digital imaging

Question 40

Decreased attenuation results in:

A) more x-ray photons reaching the image receptor
B) fewer x-ray photons reaching the image receptor
C) no change in the number of photons reaching the image receptor
D) none of the above

Question 41

In the image intensifier,the input phosphor:

A) converts remnant radiation to light
B) focuses the electrons
C) converts light to electrons
D) absorbs the energized electrons and produces a brighter image

Question 42

Image intensification is part of:

A) a film-screen imaging system
B) a digital imaging system
C) a fluoroscopic imaging system
D) all of the above

Question 43

Chemical processing is used to create the manifest image in:

A) film-screen imaging
B) digital imaging
C) film-screen and digital imaging

Question 44

Photoelectric interactions occur only at the lower end of the diagnostic range of photon energies.

Question 45

It is not possible for a photoelectric interaction to occur between a 50-keV x-ray photon and an atom with inner-shell electrons that have a binding energy of 60 keV or more.

Question 46

Minification gain of the image intensifier is the:

A) increase in the number of light intensities at the output phosphor
B) increased brightness of the image because the output phosphor is much smaller than the input phosphor
C) combination of minification gain and flux gain
D) none of the above

Question 47

Brightness gain of the image intensifier is the:

A) increase in the number of light intensities at the output phosphor
B) increased brightness of the image because the output phosphor is much smaller than the input phosphor
C) combination of minification gain and flux gain
D) none of the above

Question 48

Flux gain of the image intensifier is the:

A) increase in the number of light intensities at the output phosphor
B) increased brightness of the image as a result of the output phosphor being much smaller than the input phosphor
C) combination of minification gain and flux gain
D) none of the above

Question 49

Reduction in the energy or amount of radiation in the primary beam is attenuation. 

Question 50

Permanent radiographic images of the specific areas seen during the fluoroscopic procedures can be recorded:

A) on film
B) on the computer
C) A and B
D) neither A nor B

Question 51

In the image intensifier,the photocathode:

A) converts remnant radiation to light
B) focuses the electrons
C) converts light to electrons
D) absorbs the energized electrons and produces a brighter image

Question 52

Place the following film-screen imaging steps in the correct order,from beginning to end:
Iremnant radiation is absorbed by intensifying screens
IIchemical processing creates a permanent image
IIIlight from intensifying screens expose film emulsion
IVremnant radiation reaches the cassette

A) I,II,IV,III
B) IV,III,I,II
C) III,II,IV,I
D) IV,I,III,II

Question 53

Place the following image intensification steps in the correct order,from beginning to end:
Ielectrons are accelerated toward anode
IIlight energy is converted to electrons
IIIelectrons strike phosphor and are converted to light
IVremnant radiation is converted to light

A) IV,II,I,III
B) III,II,I,IV
C) II,III,IV,I
D) I,II,IV,III

Question 54

Production of a static or still image is associated with:

A) film-screen imaging
B) digital imaging
C) film-screen and digital imaging

Question 55

In the image intensifier,the electrostatic lenses:

A) convert remnant radiation to light
B) focus the electrons
C) convert light to electrons
D) absorb the energized electrons and produces a brighter image

Question 56

Fluoroscopy produces:

A) static imaging
B) dynamic imaging
C) still imaging
D) none of the above

Question 57

In the image intensifier,the output phosphor:

A) converts remnant radiation to light
B) focuses the electrons
C) converts light to electrons
D) absorbs the energized electrons and produces a brighter image

Question 58

Place the following digital imaging steps in the correct order,from beginning to end:
Iremnant radiation reaches the digital image receptor
IIthe manifest image is displayed on a monitor
IIIthe manifest image can be adjusted because it is composed of digital data
IVthe latent image is processed by the computer

A) III,IV,I,II
B) I,IV,II,III
C) I,II,III,IV
D) IV,III,II,I

Question 59

The purpose of image intensification is to:

A) make the fluoroscopy image brighter
B) intensify the radiation used during fluoroscopy
C) allow the fluoroscopic image to be visible
D) none of the above

Question 60

An example of an anatomic structure typically imaged with fluoroscopy is the:

A) spine
B) knee
C) stomach and esophagus
D) head

Question 61

All of the radiation that reaches the image receptor is used to create the radiographic image.

Question 62

The radiographer has no control over the radiographic visibility of anatomic structures because the tissue does not change.

Question 63

Scattered and secondary radiation must be eliminated during radiographic imaging.

Question 64

The image from the output phosphor of the image intensifier is displayed on a television monitor.

Question 65

After the x-ray beam enters the patient and has many photoelectric interactions,the quantity of the beam increases.

Question 66

During conventional fluoroscopy,the x-ray beam stays on for an extended time.