Deck 27: Classification and Description of Proteins, Lipids, and Carbohydrates

Question 1

Complementary base pairing, such as that between cytosine and guanine, involves what type of bonding?

A)peptide bonding
B)hydrogen bonding
C)glycosidic bonding
D)ester bonding

Answer 1

hydrogen bonding

Question 2

Which of the following are characteristics of denatured proteins?
1)Denatured proteins lose their biological activity.
2)Denatured proteins lose their water solubility.
3)Denatured proteins lose their tertiary structure.

A)1, 2, 3
B)1, 2
C)2, 3
D)1, 3

Answer 2

1, 2, 3

Question 3

The spatial arrangement of a linear chain of amino acids from which folding results in specific three-dimensional patterns such as the beta-pleated sheet and the alpha helix is known as a protein's _____ structure.

A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)quaternary

Answer 3

secondary

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the makeup of phospholipids?

A)glycerol and three fatty acid residues
B)glycerol, two fatty acid residues, and a phosphoric acid residue
C)glycerol and three phosphoric acid residues
D)glycerol, two fatty acid residues, one phosphoric acid residue, and a nitrogen-containing residue

Question 5

_____ is the physiological glucose storage form.

A)amylase
B)amylopectin
C)glycogen
D)starch

Question 6

The biuret reaction is the most common technique for measuring total serum protein.The biuret reaction is directed toward what part of the protein complex?

A)the secondary structure
B)the tertiary structure
C)the peptide linkage
D)the prosthetic group

Question 7

The three-dimensional spatial arrangement of multiple polypeptide chains forming larger, more stable complexes is known as a protein's _____ structure.

A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)quaternary

Question 8

The chemical structure of nucleotides contains which of the following combination of chemical groups?

A)a 5-carbon cyclic carbohydrate bound to a purine or pyrimidine base
B)a 6-carbon cyclic carbohydrate bound to a purine or pyrimidine base
C)a 5-carbon cyclic carbohydrate bound to a purine or pyrimidine base and a phosphate group
D)a 6-carbon cyclic carbohydrate bound to a purine or pyrimidine base and a phosphate group

Question 9

Monosaccharides can be linked to other monosaccharides or other biomolecules through the formation of:

A)peptide linkages
B)hydrogen bond linkages
C)glycosidic linkages
D)ester linkages

Question 10

Which of the following compounds lack water solubility and require transport molecules for movement through the blood stream?

A)proteins
B)lipids
C)carbohydrates
D)both a and b

Question 11

The lipid that serves as the precursor of many hormones such as androgens, estrogens, and progesterones is:

A)triglycerides
B)cholesterol
C)gangliosides
D)cephalins

Question 12

Pyranoses are formed from monosaccharides with a/an ______, and furanoses are formed from monosaccharides with a/an ______.

A)aldehyde function at carbon-1, ketone function at carbon-2
B)ketone function at carbon-1, aldehyde function at carbon-2
C)aldehyde function at carbon-2, ketone function at carbon-1
D)ketone function at carbon-2, aldehyde function at carbon-1

Question 13

Which of the following statements is not true of triglycerides?

A)Triglycerides are esters that are formed during the reaction of an alcohol function and a carboxylic acid function.
B)Triglycerides are easily hydrolyzed into glycerol and free fatty acids.
C)The dietary fats we ingest are mostly triglycerides.
D)The fatty acids that are found in a single triglyceride molecule are always the same.

Question 14

The order or sequence of amino acids in a protein as determined by genetic code is known as a protein's _____ structure.

A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)quaternary

Question 15

Which of the following lipids plays an important role in the esterification of free cholesterol and serves as an important constituent of functional lung surfactant?

A)cerebrosides
B)lecithins
C)sphingomyelins
D)plasmalogens

Question 16

The overall three-dimensional structure and folding pattern of the complete protein that confers on the protein its specific biological properties is known as the protein's _____ structure.

A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)quaternary