Deck 32: Diagnosis of Viral Hepatitis

Question 1

What would be the laboratory interpretation of the following laboratory data for a hepatitis B serology profile?
HBsAg - negative
AHBcT - positive
AHBs - positive

A)susceptible
B)immune due to natural infection
C)immune due to vaccination
D)acutely infected

Answer 1

immune due to natural infection

Question 2

______ is the current diagnostic marker for hepatitis B virus infection, with detection being less than ______ after infection.

A)HBcAg, 2 weeks
B)aHBsAg, 2 weeks
C)HBsAg, 4 weeks
D)aHBsAg, 4 weeks

Answer 2

HBsAg, 4 weeks

Question 3

Typically, serum levels of HBsAg peak around _____ after infection, _____ during the recovery phase, and generally become undetectable within ______ of the onset of acute infection.

A)8 to 12 weeks, decrease, 6 months
B)4 to 6 weeks, increase, 3 months
C)8 to 12 weeks, decrease, 3 months
D)4 to 6 weeks, increase, 6 months

Answer 3

8 to 12 weeks, decrease, 6 months

Question 4

What would be the laboratory interpretation of the following laboratory data for a hepatitis B serology profile?
HBsAg - negative
AHBcT - negative
AHBs - negative

A)susceptible
B)immune due to natural infection
C)immune due to vaccination
D)acutely infected

Question 5

__________ is a point mutation in a highly antigenic determinant of HBsAg that allows the person infected with this viral genotype to escape passive or active immunization against hepatitis B.

A)Stop code mutant
B)Escape mutant
C)Hepatitis mutant
D)None of the above

Question 6

The following information is characteristic of which hepatitis virus?
Viral classification - Picornaviridae
Viral envelope - absent
Incubation time (days to clinical symptoms) - 10 to 50 days
Route of transmission - oral/enteral
Genomen - positive ssRNA
Size of genome - 7.5 kbases

A)HAV
B)HBV
C)HCV
D)HDV

Question 7

What is the correct order for the four phases of an acute, symptomatic, viral hepatitis infection?

A)convalescence, pre-icteric, icteric, incubation
B)incubation, pre-icteric, convalescence, icteric
C)convalescence, incubation pre-icteric, icteric
D)incubation, pre-icteric, icteric, convalescence

Question 8

The clinical significance of virus genotypes is that they sometimes play an important role in determining treatment.Which hepatitis virus has genotypes 1 through 6?

A)HAV
B)HBV
C)HCV
D)HEV

Question 9

Laboratory indicators of acute liver disease are serum bilirubin levels that are ______, serum AST that is ______, and serum ALT that is ______.

A)decreased, increased, increased
B)decreased, increased, decreased
C)increased, increased, increased
D)increased, increased, decreased

Question 10

Which of the following are characteristics of hepatitis C virus (HCV)?
1)HCV is transmitted through blood, needle sharing, sexually.
2)HCV is the primary cause of chronic liver disease such as cirrhosis.
3)HCV currently has a vaccine available.
4)The majority of HCV-infected patients are asymptomatic.

A)1, 2, 3, 4
B)1, 2, 4
C)1, 3, 4
D)2, 3, 4

Question 11

The combination of test results of the hepatitis B virus serological markers can be used to:
1)identify carrier status.
2)identify vaccination status.
3)differentiate the stage of an active infection.
4)estimate the clinical outcome of the disease.

A)1, 2, 3, 4
B)1, 2, 3
C)1, 2, 4
D)1, 3, 4

Question 12

The following information is characteristic of which hepatitis virus?
Viral classification - Deltaviridae
Viral envelope - present
Incubation time (days to clinical symptoms) - 21 to 50 days
Route of transmission - blood, fluids
Genome - particle G-negative ssRNA
Size of genome - 1.7 kbases

A)HAV
B)HBV
C)HCV
D)HDV

Question 13

Which of the following statements is not true of hepatitis A virus?

A)Prophylactic treatment with immune globulin has been recommended after exposure.
B)The peak of infectivity occurs during the 2 weeks before the onset of symptoms.
C)Serum ALT levels peak 2 to 3 weeks after infection.
D)HAV can be detected in the stools of patients 3 to 4 weeks before symptoms develop.

Question 14

_____________________ is a version of the Western blot technique and is used to confirm the presence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus in a patient's serum.

A)Open reading frame
B)Nucleic acid testing
C)Recombinant immunoblot assay
D)None of the above

Question 15

Which of the following is true of hepatitis E virus (HEV)?

A)Five major genotypes have been identified.
B)The prevalence of HEV infection is highest in young adult males.
C)HEV causes mild hepatitis.
D)All of the above are true.

Question 16

Which of the following is characteristic of the icteric phase of an acute, symptomatic, viral hepatitis infection?
1)yellowing of the sclera of the eye
2)decreased ability of the injured liver to clear conjugated bilirubin into the bile duct
3)increasing serum levels of conjugated bilirubin
4)dark yellow urine

A)1, 2, 3, 4
B)1, 2, 3
C)1, 2, 4
D)1, 3, 4

Question 17

For hepatitis delta virus to be present, what other hepatitis virus must the patient have?

A)HAV
B)HBV
C)HCV
D)HEV