Deck 12: Industry Analysispart Fourstrategic Position and Dynamics

Question 1

Which of the following is not a significant entry barrier in the commercial airframe manufacturing market?

A)High development costs
B)Learning curve in production
C)Raw materials and labor
D)Airlines prefer to purchase from the same manufacturer
E)Airlines are reluctant to purchase from startups

Answer 1

C

Question 2

In which of the following ways can entry erode incumbents' profits?

A)Entrants divide market demand among fewer sellers
B)Entrants decrease market concentration
C)Entrants usually grow the market for all parties
D)Entrants increase market concentration
E)Entrants reduce internal rivalry

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following is not a feature of selective contracting (used by Managed Care Organizations)that intensified internal rivalry?

A)Had infrequent (contract lengths of two to three years)and lumpy (one insurer may have represented over 5% of a hospital's business)sales
B)Treated all hospitals as identical
C)Kept price negotiations between insurers and hospitals secret, encouraging hospitals to lower prices to win contracts
D)Contracted with hospitals that patients were most loyal to
E)Created pressure for hospitals to win each individual contract with no thought of future consequences

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following is not a factor that could intensify internal rivalry in the Chicago hospital market?

A)Relatively large number of hospitals
B)Considerable variation in production costs
C)Relatively small number of doctors
D)Excess capacity
E)Aging baby boomers increasing demand for admissions

Question 5

Which of the following is a trend that Chicago area hospitals should least likely be worried about with respect to pricing?

A)The FTC recently won an antitrust case that forced the members of the Evanston Northwestern Healthcare system to negotiate independently with insurers
B)There has been considerable consolidation (hospital mergers)in regional submarkets, including the city of Chicago and the important North Shore suburbs
C)Employers are asking employees to bear more of their own health care costs. At the same time some employers are reconsidering the decision to opt for wide, but costly MCO networks
D)If regulatory barriers fall, entry by specialty hospitals in wealthier communities could skim off some of the areas' most profitable patients
E)Employers, payers, regulators and patients are demanding and getting more information about hospital quality

Question 6

Which of the following factors requires the least consideration when assessing supplier power relative to the downstream industry it sells to?

A)Competitiveness of the output market
B)Purchase volume of downstream firms
C)Availability of substitute inputs
D)Threat of forward integration by suppliers
E)Ability of suppliers to price discriminate

Question 7

Which of the following does not tend to affect the threat of entry?

A)Expectations about pre-entry competition
B)Government protection of incumbents
C)Consumers highly valuable reputation/consumers are brand loyal
D)Experience curve
E)Network externalities

Question 8

How did European governments help Airbus aggressively pursue a 50% market share in its early years of operation?

A)Subsidies
B)High-interest loans
C)Helping to ensure scope economies from military aircraft division
D)Paying in excess of cost for military aircraft
E)Guaranteeing a set level of annual aircraft purchases

Question 9

What term refers to the ability of individual customers to negotiate purchase prices that extract profits from sellers?

A)Substitutes and Complements
B)Competition
C)Customer power
D)Seller power
E)Buyer power

Question 10

Which of the following is generally thought of as a supplier in the hospital industry?

A)Medicaid
B)Admitting physicians
C)Hospital-based physician
D)Patients
E)Medicare

Question 11

Which of following factors should be considered when assessing complements and substitutes?

A)Availability of close substitutes and/or complements
B)Price-value characteristics of substitutes/complements
C)Price elasticity of industry demand
D)All of the above
E)None of the above

Question 12

Which of the following is not a potential limitation of the five-forces framework?

A)It pays little attention to factors that might affect demand
B)It focuses on a whole industry rather than on individual firms that may occupy unique positions that insulate them from some competitive forces
C)The framework does not explicitly account for the role of government, except when government is a supplier or buyer
D)The framework provides a structured way to systematically work through wide-ranging and often complex issues
E)The framework is a qualitative analysis method

Question 13

Why are suppliers in a competitive upstream market said to have "indirect power"?

A)They can sell their services to the lowest bidder
B)They are always concentrated
C)Their customers are always locked into relationships with them
D)The price they charge never depends on supply and demand in the upstream market
E)The can sell their services to the highest bidder

Question 14

Which of the following trends or methods has since helped reduce the pricing rivalry that had intensified by the late 1990s?

A)Patients began accepting MCOs with "narrow networks" and MCOs had the upper hand in negotiating with hospitals for inclusion in networks
B)Hospitals removed brand identities
C)Hospitals dropped "centers of excellence" from their hospitals
D)Hospitals consolidating away from related products
E)Hospitals consolidated (conducted mergers)

Question 15

Which of the following is not a part of the five-forces framework?

A)Supplier Power
B)Internal rivalry
C)Regulation
D)Buyer Power
E)Substitutes and Complements

Question 16

Which of the following is generally thought of as a buyer in the hospital industry?

A)Pharmaceutical drug houses
B)Medical equipment companies
C)Technician
D)Patients
E)Nurse

Question 17

What type of entrant would be described as a new entrant with no current brand identity,distribution channels or presence within an industry?

A)Fast follower
B)Passive
C)Aggressive
D)Innovator
E)De novo

Question 18

Which of the following is the most likely substitute for commercial aircraft travel between Chicago and Tokyo?

A)Bicycle
B)Teleconferencing
C)Automobile
D)Commuter train
E)Walking

Question 19

Which of the following conditions does not tend to heat up price competition?

A)Many sellers in the market
B)Products are differentiated/buyers have high switching costs
C)Some firms have excess capacity
D)The industry is stagnant or declining
E)There are large/infrequent sales orders

Question 20

What concept developed by Brandenburger and Nalebuff as a counterpart to Porter's five-forces consists of suppliers,customers,competitors and complementors?

A)McKinsey 7-S Framework
B)Value net
C)BCG Market Share Matrix
D)6 C's of Marketing
E)4 P's of Marketing

Question 21

What entity as a supplier has the most substantial power over manufacturers in the commercial aircraft market?

A)Raw materials suppliers
B)Airlines
C)Aircraft leasing companies
D)Unions
E)Passengers

Question 22

Which of the following is not a way teams "collude" within professional sports markets?

A)Agreeing on ticket prices
B)Agreeing on rules and schedules
C)Employing the same pool of referees
D)Sharing national broadcast revenues
E)Agreeing on rookie drafts

Question 23

What professional sports complement poses the biggest dilemma?

A)Cheerleaders
B)Mascots
C)Gambling
D)Television
E)Radio

Question 24

Which of the following is not a barrier to entry in professional sports markets?

A)Each league has rules governing the addition of new franchises
B)Potential new owners must pay current owners hundreds of millions of dollars
C)Most potential owners must offer to build new stadiums
D)Incumbent teams have rights to veto franchises in their own geographic markets
E)Because the number of potential billionaire owners has risen dramatically, the purchase prices have dropped

Question 25

Who are the most powerful suppliers in professional sports?

A)Players unions
B)Referees
C)Owners
D)Politicians
E)Cities