Deck 9: Political and Economic Transformation: National States, Overseas Expansion, Commercial Revolution

Question 1

The main cause of the Price Revolution in sixteenth century Europe, according to the author, was

A) silver imported from new Spanish conquests in the Americas.
B) the slave trade.
C) discovery of new silver mines in Bohemia.
D) the import of Montezuma's gold into Spain.
E) the growing population of Europe.

Answer 1

the growing population of Europe.

Question 2

____ sponsored voyages of exploration and the nautical studies needed to undertake them.

A) Magellan
B) Hernando Cortés
C) Francisco Pizarro
D) Prince Henry the Navigator
E) Bartholomeu Dias

Answer 2

Prince Henry the Navigator

Question 3

The most important changes in agriculture occurred by the ____________.

A) English and the Dutch
B) English and the French
C) French and the Dutch
D) French and the Germans
E) Italians and the English

Answer 3

English and the Dutch

Question 4

English trade in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries were centered the production of

A) pottery and watches.
B) raw wool and woolens.
C) iron and steel.
D) cotton and silk.
E) sugar and cotton.

Question 5

By the end of the seventeenth century, the growth of plantation agriculture in Brazil and the West Indies led to increased shipment of

A) molasses from Europe.
B) gold from Africa.
C) slaves from West Africa.
D) tobacco from the Southern Continent.
E) cotton from Africa.

Question 6

Which of the following countries chartered the United East India Company in 1602?

A) France
B) Spain
C) Belgium
D) England
E) The Dutch

Question 7

Which of the following won a victory over the Incas of Peru?

A) Hernando Cortés
B) Francisco Pizarro
C) Columbus
D) Magellan
E) Bartholomeu Dias

Question 8

The United States ended the external slave trade in

A) 1787.
B) 1800.
C) 1808.
D) 1833.
E) 1865.

Question 9

Which of the following is the term used for the Jews that converted to Christianity under the threat of death?

A) Conversos
B) Traitors
C) Inquisitors
D) Backsliders
E) Hidalgos

Question 10

By the end of the fifteenth century the ____ had developed a viable imperial economy based on black slaves, gold, and sugar.

A) Dutch
B) French
C) Danes
D) Portuguese
E) English

Question 11

The Spanish Empire in the sixteenth century was funded largely by

A) loot from the Netherlands.
B) gold and silver from the New World colonies.
C) the development of iron-working and coal mining in Spain.
D) taxes on the slave trade.
E) the sugar and tobacco trade.

Question 12

Activities of Hernando Cortés include

A) a temporary trading arrangement with the Aztecs.
B) his marriage to an Aztec princess.
C) his coronation as a king among the Aztecs.
D) proselytizing among the Indians as a missionary.
E) conquest of the Aztecs.

Question 13

The Portuguese victory at ____ illustrated the permanent presence of the West in the Orient.

A) Diu
B) Ceylon
C) Calicut
D) Java
E) Goa

Question 14

Which of the following sailed around the Cape of Good Hope and across the Indian Ocean to India?

A) Ferdinand Magellan
B) Vasco da Gama
C) Bartholomeu Dias
D) Christopher Columbus
E) Henry the Navigator

Question 15

The first new areas settled by the Portuguese in the fifteenth century were

A) the Balearic Islands.
B) Tunisia and adjacent North African towns.
C) the Orkneys.
D) the western coast of India.
E) Madeira, the Canary Islands, and the Azores Islands.

Question 16

How did Philip II fuse his religious zeal to his foreign policy?

A) Jews were burned at the stake.
B) Jon Hus was imprisoned.
C) He tried to put a Spaniard in the papacy.
D) He sent the Spanish Armada as a holy crusade to destroy Protestantism in England.
E) He married a Catholic French princess.

Question 17

The copyhold refers to

A) land grants in fee simple.
B) royal grants of authority over Native Americans.
C) estates willed to younger sons of the Spanish nobility.
D) terms of land tenure held by English peasants.
E) fiefs granted by lords to their serfs.

Question 18

Expansionist activities of the sixteenth century least involved

A) hopes for the spice trade.
B) the Crusading tradition.
C) the desire to end power of intermediaries in trade.
D) an attempt to escape the Black Death.
E) opportunities for creating empires overseas.

Question 19

A key technological development that facilitated Western expansion was the

A) sailing ship armed with guns.
B) galley.
C) trebuchet.
D) armillary sphere.
E) telescope.

Question 20

The system of peasant farming and land distribution in medieval villages was known as

A) enclosure.
B) the three-field system.
C) the open-field system.
D) convertible husbandry.
E) the leasehold.

Question 21

Which of the following sparked the Thirty Years' War?

A) When the Netherlands turned Protestant
B) When the French invaded Bohemia
C) When the Hapsburg monarchy seized the Bohemian throne
D) When the Bohemians tried to put a Protestant king on their throne
E) When England declared war against Spain

Question 22

English national identity was cemented during Elizabeth I's reign by

A) repeated wars with the Dutch.
B) the growing power of Parliament.
C) her imposition of Calvinism on the entire nation.
D) the threat of invasion from Spain.
E) industrial capitalism.

Question 23

The Spanish King that faced a bankrupt economy in 1596 was

A) Charles V
B) Ferdinand and Isabella
C) Phillip I
D) Phillip II
E) Charles 1V

Question 24

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Francisco Pizarro

Question 25

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
convertible husbandry

Question 26

Under which of the following did French kings claim that they are selected by God to rule?

A) Divine sanctification
B) Divine election
C) Divine right of kings
D) Divine coronation
E) Divine appointment

Question 27

Mercantilism means

A) private enterprise.
B) free trade.
C) systematic pursuit of a favorable balance of trade by governments.
D) a government policy of granting monopolies in particular trades to private merchants.
E) a state policy of importing more from abroad than it exported overseas.

Question 28

An insight into the degree of Charles V's power can be seen in the fact that he

A) ruled Spain, the Netherlands, and Austria.
B) never became Holy Roman Emperor.
C) strongly supported the Protestant cause.
D) witnessed the nadir of Hapsburg power.
E) was defeated by England.

Question 29

Which treaty conferred on each German prince the right to determine the religion of his subjects?

A) Treaty of Augsburg
B) Treaty of Westphalia
C) Treaty of Ghent
D) Treaty of Versailles
E) Treaty of Verdun

Question 30

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Henry the Navigator

Question 31

The revolution of 1688 effectively

A) banned Catholicism in England.
B) brought Charles I to the throne.
C) ended royal absolutism in England forever.
D) suppressed the political power of the commercial and financial quarters of the country for another century.
E) ended constitutional monarchy in England.

Question 32

The Netherlands was officially recognized as an independent state from Spain after which of the following treaties?

A) Treaty of Westphalia
B) Treaty of Verdun
C) Treaty of Ghent
D) Treaty of Paris
E) Treaty of Versailles

Question 33

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Vasco da Gama

Question 34

The chief minister for Louis XIII and architect of French absolutism was ______

A) Henry VIII.
B) Niccoló Machiavelli.
C) Cardinal Richelieu.
D) Charles V.
E) Francis II.

Question 35

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Hernando Cortés

Question 36

Which of the following happened during the bloodless revolution?

A) James II fled England when he lost the support of key men in the army, powerful gentlemen in the counties and in the Anglican Church.
B) James II was beheaded.
C) James II mobilized his army to fight the English Parliament.
D) James II nominated his own successor to the English throne.
E) James II was imprisoned.

Question 37

In which of the following civil wars did gangs of noblemen with retainers roam the English countryside, with lawlessness prevailing for a generation?

A) The War of the Reds
B) The War of the Coloreds
C) The War of the Guise
D) The War of Cromwell
E) The War of Roses

Question 38

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
middle passage

Question 39

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
enclosure

Question 40

Which of the following policies of Charles I angered the English Parliament?

A) Attempts to collect taxes without parliamentary consent
B) Conducting foreign affairs without parliamentary consent
C) Invasion of Ireland
D) Attempt to impose a common prayer book on the Scots
E) Attempts to limit the power of the church

Question 41

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Vasco Nunez de Balboa

Question 42

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
the Spanish Armada

Question 43

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
mercantilism

Question 44

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
"forced loans"

Question 45

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Little Spain

Question 46

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Philip II

Question 47

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Putting-out system

Question 48

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
open-field system

Question 49

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
the Tudor dynasty

Question 50

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Louis XIV

Question 51

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
William and Mary

Question 52

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Private enterprise

Question 53

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Cardinal Richelieu

Question 54

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Reconquest

Question 55

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Oliver Cromwell

Question 56

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Ferdinand Magellan

Question 57

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
The Bloodless Revolution.

Question 58

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
the War of Roses

Question 59

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
price revolution

Question 60

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
James II

Question 61

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

On a blank map of Europe, locate at least three towns that had a population of 30,000 or more and two towns of at least 200,000 or more.

Question 62

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

It has been said that European expansion provided a forward-looking, optimistic outlook for the Old World. Discuss whether you agree or disagree with this statement.

Question 63

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Why did England and the Netherlands become the cockpits of capitalist development in the seventeenth century?

Question 64

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

How do you account for the dramatic increase of Spanish power in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries?

Question 65

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

What was the price revolution and how did it alter Europe?
​

Question 66

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

The French monarchy of the seventeenth century has become virtually symbolic of royal absolutism. List some elements of the growth of royal power during the seventeenth century.

Question 67

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

What are the main factors that explain the expansion of Europe during the 15-17th centuries?

Question 68

​The Fronde was a rebellion in Paris against the leadership of _______

A) ​Cardinal Richelieu​
B) ​Cardinal Marazin​
C) ​Louis XIII​
D) ​Henry V​
E) ​Charles V

Question 69

​The country that failed to take full advantage of commercial development because of its aristocratic structure

A) ​France
B) ​England
C) ​Austria
D) ​Spain
E) ​Holland

Question 70

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).


-On a blank map of Europe, designate those areas belonging to the Hapsburg family, those held by the Tudor monarchs and those controlled by Spain in approximately the mid-seventeenth century.

Question 71

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Describe some ways religious dissension proved to be a most unsettling factor in the development of modern states of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

Question 72

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).


-What technological innovations facilitated European exploration?

Question 73

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

On a blank map of Europe, locate the following sites: the major Dutch urban centers of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Utrecht, and The Hague; the location where the Fronde occurred, Paris; the site where a Concordat was signed, Bologna; the place from which the Spanish Armada set sail, Lisbon; and finally Antwerp, which was sacked by Spanish soldiers.

Question 74

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Discuss the English Revolution from 1640 to 1688.

Question 75

Please use this outline map of the world to answer the question(s).

Referring to Map 9.1, shade in the areas that were Catholic, Protestant, and Calvinist

Question 76

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Hidalgos

Question 77

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Discuss how royal absolutism developed in France in the seventeenth century.

Question 78

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Discuss the significance of dynasty in the period of monarchical sovereignty.

Question 79

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Define the term enclosure and explain the impact of the enclosure on landlords and peasants.

Question 80

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Compare the motivations for exploration and expansion of Portugal and Spain.