Deck 18: World War I: the West in Despair

Question 1

The act that ensured British entrance into the war was

A) the German invasion of Belgium.
B) the German invasion of the Netherlands.
C) Russian mobilization.
D) the surprise German submarine attack on the British fleet at Scapa Flow.
E) the German invasion of France.

Answer 1

the German invasion of Belgium.

Question 2

Bismarck's foreign policy may be judged as

A) essentially aggressive.
B) one of restraint.
C) fluctuating.
D) lacking in balance.
E) friendly to France.

Answer 2

one of restraint.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is not correct?

A) After 1870, Bismarck was uninterested in more territory for the German Empire.
B) For Bismarck, the isolation of France was paramount.
C) Bismarck thought a war between Austria and Russia would benefit Germany by weakening archrivals.
D) Bismarck wanted to moderate tensions between Austria and Russia.
E) Bismarck forged complex alliances.

Answer 3

Bismarck thought a war between Austria and Russia would benefit Germany by weakening archrivals.

Question 4

One may best conclude about the Triple Entente that it was

A) encouraged by the Germans.
B) offensive in nature.
C) concerned with territorial dispositions.
D) involved in specific military plans, but only against Germany.
E) provoked by Germany's strength.

Question 5

German troops marched into Belgium in 1914

A) to get control of Belgium ports.
B) to commandeer the railroad system.
C) to carry out part of a military plan to envelop the French.
D) because Belgium had honored its alliances and had declared war on Germany.
E) to attack Holland.

Question 6

According to the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

A) the White Armies in Russia admitted defeat.
B) Russia lost Poland and Finland.
C) the tsar made peace with the Germans.
D) Russia kept the Ukraine and some of the Baltic provinces.
E) the French withdrew their troops from Poland.

Question 7

In the years before World War I, tensions between Austria and Serbia were inflamed by

A) Serbia defeat at the hands of Germany during the Balkan Wars.
B) Austrian refusal to sell arms to Serbia.
C) a Russian attempt to open the Straits of Dardanelles by force.
D) Austria's annexation of Bosnia-Herzegovina.
E) Austrian friendship with Russia.

Question 8

"Union or Death" referred to

A) the motto of a Serbian secret nationalist society.
B) French desire for Alsace and Lorraine.
C) Germany's desire for land contiguous with East Prussia.
D) the Bolshevik slogan calling for union against the tsar.
E) the motto of an Austrian secret society.

Question 9

German nationalists in the late nineteenth century agitated for

A) the annexation of Austria.
B) withdrawal from the colonies to focus government funds at home.
C) a larger navy, colonies, and a greater share of world markets.
D) extermination of Jewish and Slavic minorities within the Reich.
E) German friendship with England.

Question 10

One of the first mistakes of the German Empire after 1890 was to

A) return Alsace and Lorraine to France.
B) seek friendship with Austria.
C) disavow Italian diplomatic initiatives.
D) withdraw from alliance agreements with Russia.
E) seek friendship with France.

Question 11

Which of the following statements does NOT describes how European nations viewed the reign and actions of Wilhelm II?

A) Britain was concerned that Germany was a major trade rival.
B) German emphasis on colonial territory threatened England's colonial power
C) Wilhelm was set on having the greatest navy in the world overtaking England.
D) Europe saw Germany as the greatest potential in stopping the spread of communism.
E) France allied with Russia giving it potential military ability to surround Germany.

Question 12

Knowing that Russia might come to the aid of Serbia why did Germany side with the Austrian decision to invade Serbia?

A) Russian alliance with France would enable Germany to weaken France.
B) Germany was determined to keep its alliance with Austria, even if meant war.
C) Fearing that Russia would only get stronger, it was militarily a good idea to fight it before it got any stronger.
D) It felt Britain's land forces were too weak to threaten Germany.
E) All of these were causes for Germany joining with Austria when Austria invaded Serbia.

Question 13

All of the following are major causes for World War One EXCEPT

A) Russian humiliation during the Bosnian Crisis and Balkan War
B) Austria's need for a strong military alliance to deal with the Southern Slavs.
C) A bored population who saw war as glorious and exciting.
D) The aggressive actions of Otto von Bismarck.
E) Military alliances.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT true in describing how nationalism fueled aggressive publics and nations?

A) International organizations stressed self determination.
B) Popular press overheated public feelings toward national pride.
C) Colonialism was seen as essential to national image.
D) Enlightenment theories were seen as archaic.
E) Military conflicts were seen as an escape from the ordinary life.

Question 15

The South Slavs of the Hapsburg Empire

A) were so disempowered politically that they had little ethnic awareness.
B) had little historic identity.
C) concerned the Austrian leaders because of threats of secession.
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D) considered themselves abandoned by the Russians.
E) considered themselves Austrians.

Question 16

Which of the following members of the Black Hand carried out the assassination that triggered World War I?

A) Kaiser William
B) Alexander Izvolsky
C) Gavrilo Princip
D) Sergei Witte
E) Alexander Kerensky

Question 17

Which of the following best describes how Europe reacted to the war?

A) War was an escape from a world that had grown old, cold and weary.
B) Patriotic Europeans were apprehensive about putting the future of their nation on the line in going to war.
C) Songs and other forms of art attacked the war as savage.
D) Women formed rallies and opposed the war.
E) War was pictured as symbol of savage side of humanity

Question 18

Which event triggered the outbreak of World War I?

A) Discovery of anti-Austrian messages of the Black Hand Society
B) A violent border clash of customs agents
C) A belligerent telegram of Kaiser Wilhelm to the Russian tsar
D) The internal crisis of Bosnia
E) The assassination of the Archduke Francis Ferdinand

Question 19

Historian Fischer, as well as other historians, argues that Germany's goals were the main underlying causes for the war. Which of the following statements does not support this conclusion?

A) Germany and its leader wanted to be major world movers and shakers.
B) Germany sought a Europe under German hegemony.
C) In siding with Austria, Germany did not really anticipate that Russia would enter even after it warned it to stop mobilization.believed that Russia would not enter the war.
D) A desire for Lebensraum was a national call in Germany.
E) Fellow members in the Triple Alliance refused to side with German military actions.

Question 20

Which of the following CORRECTLY describes the confidence in the future that prevailed in Europe in 1914?

A) Non aggression treaties made war unlikely.
B) Pan-Europeanism was a growing movement throughout Europe.
C) Benevolent leadership emphasized social reform.
D) Militaristic leadership was kept in check by democratic governments.
E) Advances in science and technology and democracy created a feeling of well being.

Question 21

All of the following were key elements of the Treaty of Versailles except

A) France regained Alsace and Lorraine.
B) Allied troops would occupy the Rhineland for 15 years.​
C) the creation of the League of Nations.
D) reparations had to be completely paid by 1935.
E) The German navy and air force limited.

Question 22

Lenin was able to carry out a successful revolution in Russia because

A) he had the total support of Germany.
B) hungry and desperate Russians at home at the front elected Lenin to replace Kerensky.
C) the Russians defeated the Germans at the Battle of Tannenberg.
D) he pulled Russia out of the war.
E) the Provisional government gave its support to the Bolsheviks.

Question 23

Which of the following would be least associated with Woodrow Wilson?

A) The idea of establishing a League of Nations
B) Crushing the German war machine so it could never rise again
C) Following the principle of self-determination
D) Being undermined at Paris by the results of the congressional elections in 1918
E) The idea of "peace without victory"

Question 24

The Fourteen Points referred to

A) the main aspects of the treaty of Brest-Litovsk.
B) President Wilson's declaration of peace settlement goals.
C) Germany's explanation of why it needed to resume unrestricted submarine warfare.
D) the American denunciation of the blockade against Germany.
E) the French program for peace in Europe after World War I.

Question 25

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
First Balkan War

Question 26

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Alsace and Lorraine

Question 27

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Kaiser Wilhelm II

Question 28

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Question 29

When the Bolsheviks came to power in 1917, their most rousing slogan was

A) Victory to the Red Armies.
B) Revolution Now, War Later.
C) Fight, Fight the Germans.
D) Peace, Land, Bread.
E) Liberty or Death.

Question 30

The German decision of January 1917 to launch a campaign of ____ precipitated American entry into World War I.

A) unrestricted submarine warfare
B) impressments of American civilian ships
C) attacks on the French mainland
D) refusal of the German's to concede defeat
E) gunboat diplomacy

Question 31

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Triple Entente

Question 32

The greatest mistake of the liberals who led the March revolution was

A) the decision to remain in the war.
B) the attempt to arrest Lenin.
C) failing to execute the tsar.
D) confiscation of the landlords' lands.
E) accepting the Brest-Litovsk treaty with the Germans.

Question 33

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
George Heym

Question 34

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Heinrich Von Treitschke

Question 35

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
The Bosnian crisis

Question 36

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?

-Entente Cordiale

Question 37

U.S. President Woodrow Wilson hoped to turn World War I into a/an

A) occasion for the annexation of Mexico.
B) club with which to beat the Republicans in the 1920 election campaign.
C) opportunity to secure U.S. global hegemony.
D) moral crusade for democracy.
E) opportunity to take over Europe by America.

Question 38

The November 1917 revolution in Russia brought the ____ to power.

A) Mensheviks
B) Bolsheviks
C) Liberals
D) Conservatives
E) Tsars

Question 39

Each of the following is correct except

A) American security could be jeopardized by German domination of Western Europe.
B) the United States was the principal supplier for Britain during the war.
C) Woodrow Wilson believed that the United States must enter the war.
D) unrestricted submarine warfare prompted the American entrance into the war.
E) Americans had little concern for a loss of prestige if the United States didn't enter the war in 1917.

Question 40

Germany's Grand Offensive which began on March 21, 1918 was planned to

A) take advantage of the Russian surrender.
B) take advantage of the low morale of the French soldiers.
C) bring aid to Germany's allies.
D) win the war before Americans appeared on the front.
E) renew support for a failing public support for the war.

Question 41

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Fourteen Points

Question 42

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Somme

Question 43

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Tannenberg

Question 44

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov Lenin

Question 45

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
the Dardanelles

Question 46

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Trace, on a map of Europe, the boundaries of the European States as of 1926. Label the major countries.

Question 47

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Using different colored pencils, fill in on a map of Europe the Triple Entente powers, the Allies of the Triple Entente, and the Central Powers.

Question 48

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Lebensraum

Question 49

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Greater Serbia

Question 50

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Woodrow Wilson

Question 51

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
unrestricted submarine warfare

Question 52

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Gavrilo Princip

Question 53

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Bolsheviks

Question 54

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Aleksandr Kerensky

Question 55

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Verdun

Question 56

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
first battle of the Marne

Question 57

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Mensheviks

Question 58

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Triple Alliance

Question 59

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Trench Warfare

Question 60

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Alfred Von Schlieffen

Question 61

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Contrast the foreign policy goals of Bismarck after 1870 with those of Kaiser Wilhelm II.

Question 62

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

One of the major causes of World War was Austria-Hungary's problems with its Southern Slavs. Indicate these areas and the areas that were also of interest to Russia and the Ottoman Empire that also caused Austria-Hungary concern.

Question 63

​The United States refused to join the League of Nations because

A) the league would not have a military force in Europe.
B) ​Woodrow Wilson campaigned against membership.
C) ​many feared it would pull the United States into future wars.
D) ​membership was limited to European countries.
E) ​the league voiced concerns over America's support of democracies overseas.

Question 64

The French diplomat that fought for French demands at the peace conference was​​

A) ​Georges Clemenceau.​
B) ​Philippe Petain.​
C) ​Robert Nivelle.​
D) ​Alfred Dreyfus.​
E) ​Charles De Gaulle.

Question 65

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Refer to the diplomatic reactions of states upon the crisis of 1914. What were the major goals of these states as they slid into war?

Question 66

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Discuss trench warfare during World War I with particular reference to the Western Front.

Question 67

The Provisional Government in Russia was most aligned with

A) ​liberal-democrats.
B) ​Marxists.
C) ​monarchists.
D) ​anarchists.
E) ​Bolsheviks.

Question 68

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Designate the following on a map of Europe: Polish Corridor, Danzig, Saar Basin, and Brest-Litovsk.

Question 69

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

How did the war contribute to the rise and success of overtly anti-democratic, anti-liberal movements from 1917 onward?

Question 70

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Why were some poets and intellectuals upset that there had been peace for so long? Would you apply those sentiments to contemporary society? Discuss.

Question 71

When WWI started, Lenin was living in ​

A) ​Germany.
B) ​Switzerland.
C) ​Russia.
D) ​United States.
E) ​France.

Question 72

The scope of government changed during the war​ by

A) ​regulating industrial production.
B) ​producing sophisticated propaganda.
C) ​demanding total loyalty of its citizens.
D) ​mobilizing and organizing citizens like soldiers.
E) ​all of the above.

Question 73

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ended the war between ​

A) ​Germany and Russia.​
B) ​France and Germany.​
C) ​The Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance.​
D) ​The Ottoman Empire and Germany.​
E) ​Italy and Austria.

Question 74

World War I had all of the following effect on the role of women except​

A) ​women responded to their countries wartime needs.
B) ​women took jobs vacated by men in factories and munitions.
C) ​women demonstrated their economic importance.
D) ​women's employment after the war remained at wartime levels.
E) ​women's political rights faced little opposition after the war.

Question 75

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Explain the reasons that impelled the United States to enter the war. Explain why the United States waited so long to enter the conflict.

Question 76

The leader of the Bolsheviks was _________.​​

A) ​Vladimir Lenin
B) ​Leon Trotsky
C) ​Joseph Stalin
D) ​Lavr Kornilov
E) ​Aleksandr Kerensky

Question 77

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Explain the two phases of the Russian Revolution. How did the failures of the Provisional Government set the stage for the Bolshevik Revolution?

Question 78

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

How did the nationality problem in Austria-Hungary contribute to the outbreak of World War 1?

Question 79

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Was Germany primarily responsible for the outbreak of World War I?

Question 80

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

How was the Treaty of Versailles flawed? How did the flaws of the Peace Conference help to create the flaws in the treaty?