Deck 8: Lipids

Question 1

Which of the following is the reason why body fat a major storage form of energy?

A)It aggregates in a highly anhydrous form (without additional water weight).
B)It yields about 17 kJ/g (4 cal/g)of energy.
C)It is highly hydrated and easy to metabolize.
D)It yields about 25 kJ/g (6 cal/g)of energy.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following types of fatty acids are most commonly found at positions 1 and 2,respectively,of the glycerol backbone in glycerol phosphatides?

A)saturated;saturated
B)unsaturated;saturated
C)saturated;unsaturated
D)unsaturated;unsaturated

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a terpene?

A)squalene
B)a-tocopherol (vitamin E)
C)coenzyme Q (UQ)
D)cetyl palmitate (spermaceti)

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a designation for a fatty acid with 18 carbons and 1 double bond?

A)linoleic acid
B)cis-9-octadecenoic acid
C)oleic acid
D)elaidic acid

Question 5

Which of the following is a feature of fatty acids?

A)They are found mostly in free form.
B)They are either saturated or unsaturated.
C)They are found mostly with an odd number of carbons.
D)They are found only in linear and branched.

Question 6

Which of the following is a cellular function of glycosphingolipids?

A)water-repellent properties of animal skin
B)tissue and organ non-specific
C)involvement in nerve impulse transmission
D)hormone-receptor recognition

Question 7

What does this structure represent?

A)sphingomyelin
B)phosphatidylcholine
C)platelet-activating factor (PAF)
D)phosphatidylethanolamine

Question 8

Which of the following linkages is found at the 1-hydroxyl moiety in glycosphingolipids?

A)ester
B)amide
C)b-glycosidic
D)ether

Question 9

Which of the following is a feature of glycerophospholipids?

A)They are essential components of cell membranes
B)They also called sphingolipids.
C)They are made up of 1,2-diacylglycerol and two phosphate groups.
D)They are members of the steroid family.

Question 10

Which of the following fatty acids are essential for human diets?

A)g-linolenic and oleic acids
B)oleic and linoleic acids
C)palmitic and oleic acids
D)linoleic and g-linolenic acids

Question 11

What is this structure an example of?

A)a diacylglycerol
B)a triacylglycerol
C)a wax ester
D)an eicosanoid

Question 12

Which of the following phospholipids participate in complex cellular signalling events?

A)phosphatidylcholine;phosphatidylserine
B)phosphatidylserine;phosphatidylalanine
C)phosphatidylinositol;phosphatidylcholine
D)phosphatidylcholine;phosphatidylglycerol

Question 13

Which of the following is a feature of terpenes?

A)components of wool wax
B)made up of isoprene dimers
C)formed from 2 or more 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene molecules
D)trimer units linked head to tail

Question 14

Why are membranes with unsaturated fatty acids in their components more flexible and fluid?

A)Unsaturated fatty acids pack closely together to form ordered arrays.
B)Unsaturated fatty acids bend at the double bond,preventing close packing.
C)Saturated fatty acids have a "kink" that produces more fluid aggregates.
D)Unsaturated fatty acids have cis double bonds that prevent formation of a "kink."

Question 15

Which of the following products are generated when triacylglycerols undergo saponification?

A)fatty acid and glycerol
B)fatty alcohols and fatty acids
C)salts of fatty acids and fatty alcohols
D)salts of fatty acids and glycerol

Question 16

Which of the following diets should be used to reduce coronary heart disease?

A)low in trans-fatty acids and low in saturated fatty acids
B)low in trans-fatty acids and high in saturated fatty acids
C)high in trans-fatty acids and high in saturated fatty acids
D)high in trans-fatty acids and low in saturated fatty acids

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct definition of a lipid?

A)Triacylglycerol is formed from glycerol and 3 fatty acids,and is the primary lipid of membranes.
B)A phospholipid contains glycerol with 2 fatty acids and a phosphate,and very often forms bilayers.
C)Wax contains a fatty acid and alcohol,and is used primarily for energy storage.
D)Palmitic acid is the most commonly produced unsaturated fatty acid in animals.

Question 18

Which of the following would contain the largest amount of fatty acids with trans double bonds?

A)the fatty acid on carbon #1 of the glycerol of phosphatidylcholine
B)butter
C)canola oil
D)a 900 gram package of cookies containing partially hydrogenated cottonseed

Question 19

Why are lipids the biomolecules of choice for storage of metabolic energy?

A)They are soluble in water.
B)They yield a large amount of energy upon oxidation.
C)They are highly oxidized.
D)They are easily hydrolyzed and therefore offer quick energy yield.

Question 20

Which of the following is a characteristic of platelet-activating factor (PAF)?

A)It is a sphingolipid.
B)It is a potential mediator in inflammation,allergic responses,and shock.
C)It has a beneficial effect on migraines.
D)It is involved in fertilization of the egg in the uterine wall.

Question 21

Which of the following enzymes catalyzes this reaction?

A)desmolase
B)17a-hydroxylase
C)17,20-lyase
D)17b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

Question 22

Which of the following steroid hormones participate in the control of carbohydrate,protein,and lipid metabolism?

A)progestins
B)androgens
C)estrogens
D)glucocorticoids

Question 23

Which of the following is a feature of dolichols?

A)They are carriers of carbohydrate units in the biosynthesis of pyruvate.
B)They form dolichyl carbamates.
C)They are a class of glycerophospholipids.
D)They are polymers of 16-22 isoprene units

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT a plant steroid?

A)cortisol
B)campesterol
C)stigmasterol
D)b-sitosterol

Question 25

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for the release of arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids?

A)phospholipase A1
B)phospholipase A2
C)phospholipase C
D)phospholipase D

Question 26

Which of the following is a steroid hormone?

A)progesterone
B)dolichol
C)epinephrine
D)histamine

Question 27

Which of the following best characterizes plant sterols?

A)so similar to cholesterol that they undergo the same physiology and metabolism
B)different isomers of cholesterol at the double bond location only
C)to be avoided in your diet because they elevate blood cholesterol levels
D)highly effective in blocking the absorption of cholesterol by intestinal cells

Question 28

Which of the following does NOT contain cholesterol?

A)lipoproteins
B)plant cell plasma membranes
C)membranes of intracellular organelles
D)animal cell membranes