Deck 8: Social Conflict Theories

Question 1

Which of the following statements represents a basic principle of the pluralistic perspective?

A)Most members of a society believe in the existence of core values.
B)Society consists of many diverse groups.
C)Laws reflect the collective will of the people.
D)Laws serve all people equally.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Restorative justice stresses which of the following concepts as a means of responding to crime?

A)retribution
B)punishment
C)deterrence
D)cooperation

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following statements represents a basic tenet of the consensus perspective?

A)The legal system is value-neutral.
B)Each group has its own sets of values,beliefs,and characteristics.
C)Society consists of many diverse groups.
D)Laws reflect the collective will of the people.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following statements represents a basic tenet of the conflict perspective?

A)The legal system is concerned with the best interests of society.
B)Conflict between groups is both socially significant and unavoidable.
C)Laws reflect the collective will of the people.
D)Society consists of many diverse groups.

Question 5

Which social conflict theory is based on writings by former and current felons and inmates?

A)peacemaking criminology
B)feminist criminology
C)convict criminology
D)radical criminology

Question 6

Discuss how social process theories and social development perspectives contribute to the understanding of crime causation as a whole today.Provide explanations with possible policy approaches.

Question 7

How does the differential identification theory explain criminal behavior and rehabilitation?

Question 8

Ian Ross and Stephen Richards are prominent theorists of which of the following social conflict theories?

A)convict criminology
B)feminist criminology
C)peacemaking criminology
D)radical criminology

Question 9

Which of the following social conflict theories pioneered the concepts of street crime,radical realism,and social justice?

A)left-realist criminology
B)feminist criminology
C)radical criminology
D)convict criminology

Question 10

Which of the following statements reflects a tenet of convict criminology?

A)Prison expansion exerts a similar impact on all social classes.
B)Treatment should be given precedence over security.
C)Corrections today can benefit from the use of larger prisons.
D)A substantial increase in the number of federal and state prisoners is needed.

Question 11

What does the labeling theory tell us about the individual in relation to the justice system? Explain with examples.

Question 12

Which of the following areas best reflects the focus of left-realist criminology?

A)left-realist criminology analyzes corporate crime
B)left-realist criminology assesses crime and the needs of crime victims
C)left-realist criminology critiques liberal explanations for victimization
D)left-realist criminology builds upon feminist criminology

Question 13

How do social process perspectives explain how criminals learn their behaviors?

Question 14

Which of the following concepts refers to an informal type of criminal justice case evaluation that relies on community resources rather than traditional methods of official intervention?

A)left realism
B)restorative justice
C)radical criminology
D)participatory justice

Question 15

Which of the following statements represents a major critique of peacemaking criminology?

A)Peacemaking criminology is naïve and utopian.
B)Peacemaking criminology is increasingly incoherent.
C)Peacemaking criminology is unnecessarily complex.
D)Peacemaking criminology is anti-theory.

Question 16

What do social development perspectives include in understanding criminality and why?

Question 17

What is a major criticism of left-realist criminology?

A)its tendency to appropriate Marxist ideology
B)its tendency to refute Marxist ideology
C)its emphasis on ideology to the exclusion of theory
D)its emphasis on theory to the exclusion of ideology

Question 18

Which of the following social conflicts theories holds that crime-control agencies must work in concert with citizens to alleviate social problems such as crime?

A)left-realist criminology
B)convict criminology
C)radical criminology
D)peacemaking criminology

Question 19

Which of the following social conflicts theory introduced concepts such as power-control issues,gender socialization,and empowerment?

A)peacemaking criminology
B)radical criminology
C)feminist criminology
D)convict criminology

Question 20

John Hagan,Freda Adler,Rita J.Simon,and Kathleen Daly are associated with which of the following social conflict theories?

A)convict criminology
B)peacemaking criminology
C)radical criminology
D)feminist criminology

Question 21

Retributive justice calls for direct involvement by both the offender and the victim.

Question 22

Feminist criminology has resulted in an increased awareness of gender issues within the broader discipline of criminology.

Question 23

Which strand of feminism sees gender oppression as a result of the interaction between economy and gender roles?

A)Marxist feminism
B)liberal feminism
C)postmodern feminism
D)socialist feminism

Question 24

Which of the following statements best reflects the predominant critique of postmodern criminology?

A)Postmodern criminology is anti-theory.
B)Postmodern criminology is increasingly incoherent.
C)Postmodern criminology is ideologically driven.
D)Postmodern criminology is unnecessarily complex.

Question 25

Restorative justice upholds the community as the facilitator in the restorative process by the state.

Question 26

The peace model is an approach to crime control that focuses on effective ways for developing a shared consensus on critical issues that may affect quality of life.

Question 27

Radical criminology holds that the causes of crime are based on individuals' unwillingness to accept personal responsibility for their own pathologies.

Question 28

Radical criminology draws heavily on the conflict perspective.

Question 29

Karl Marx was one of the best-known and most influential writers on social conflict.

Question 30

According to feminist criminology,women and men commit crime in roughly equal numbers.

Question 31

The conflict perspective maintains that conflict is a fundamental aspect of social life and can never be fully resolved.

Question 32

Which of the following statements best reflects the main idea of power-control theory?

A)family class structure has no impact on social relations,but may influence delinquency
B)family class structure shapes social relations and delinquency
C)family class structure impacts social relations,but does not influence delinquency
D)family class structure does not impact social relations or delinquency

Question 33

Which of the following statements best describes the so-called gender gap in crime?

A)males account for much more law violation than females
B)females account for much more law violation than males
C)males are responsible for most violent crime;females are responsible for most property offenses
D)females are responsible for most white-collar crime;males are responsible for most street crime

Question 34

In Class,State,and Crime,Quinney argued that most crimes committed by members of the lower classes are a function of greed.

Question 35

Feminism refers to sexual orientation.

Question 36

The idea that the legal system is concerned with the best interests of society is associated with the pluralist perspective.

Question 37

The idea that those in power are inevitably interested in maintaining their power against those who would usurp it is a tenet of the consensus perspective.

Question 38

Convict criminologists believe that prisons do not effectively reduce crime.

Question 39

Radical criminologies today can be divided into two schools,which are as follows:

A)Soviet Marxism and Instrumental Marxism
B)Instrumental Marxism and Structural Marxism
C)Postcolonial Marxism and Critical Marxism
D)Feminist Marxism and Radical Marxism

Question 40

Radical-critical criminology is critiqued for its emphasis on methods of social change at the expense of well-developed theory.

Question 41

The perspective on social organization that holds that conflict is a fundamental aspect of social life and can never be completely resolved is known as the ___________________________.

Question 42

What are the six Marxist principles Difficult by Richard Quinney in his early research in the field of radical criminology?

Question 43

Discuss the major criticisms of radical-critical criminology.

Question 44

What primary argument did Chambliss and Seidman present in their 1971 volume entitled Law,Order,and Power?

Question 45

_____________________________ is the term used to describe the criminological subfield that holds that crime is a natural product of a capitalist system.

Question 46

______________________ describes the male-dominated perspective that feminist criminologists regard as common in criminology.

Question 47

What are the five strands of feminist thought that inform feminist criminology today? Outline the main ideas of each of these perspectives.

Question 48

________________________ is a contemporary social theorist whose major work describes the various analytical perspectives on social organization.

Question 49

Sometimes referred to as radical realism or critical realism,_______________ describes a conflict perspective that insists on a pragmatic assessment of crime and its associated problems.

Question 50

According to the __________________,a multiplicity of values and beliefs exist in a given society,but most members of a society recognize that law is a useful means of dispute resolution.

Question 51

The _________________________ of social organization suggests that most of society agrees on right and wrong,and social organizations work together toward a unified vision of the greater good.

Question 52

__________________ is the name of the author of Theoretical Criminology,a 1958 volume that describes crime as the product of intergroup political conflict.

Question 53

According to Currie,what are the seven mechanisms that operate to produce crime in a market society?

Question 54

The social movement that views patriarchy,or male dominance,as responsible for women's oppression is known as _______________________.

Question 55

Also known as reparative justice,_______________ is a postmodern perspective that stresses solutions and restoration rather than imprisonment,punishment,and neglect of victims.